Ki-67与乳腺癌临床病理特征及新辅助化疗疗效的相关性

目的：分析Ki-67与乳腺癌临床病理特征对新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NCT）疗效和预后的影响,探讨NCT疗效的预测因素。方法用免疫组化法检测320例局部晚期乳腺癌患者癌组织中ER、PR、HER-2及Ki-67表达状况。进行NCT 4～6个周期后手术。分析临床病理特征与病理完全缓解率（patho-logic complete response,pCR）之间的关系。临床病理参数与疗效分析用χ2检验,影响预后因素用Cox多因素回归分析。结果 Ki-67表达与ER（r=－0.174,P=0.002）和PR（r=－0.132,P=0.019）呈负相关,与HER2（r=0.140, P=0.012）和乳腺肿瘤大小（r=0.132,P=0.019）呈正相关;ER阴性组pCR率显著高于ER阳性组（26.9%vs 7.4%,χ2=22.761,P=0.000）;PR阴性组pCR率显著高于阳性组（22.7%vs 10.9%,χ2=7.950,P=0.005）;Ki-67高表达组pCR率18.0%（41/228）优于Ki-67低表达组8.6%（8/92）（χ2=4.552,P=0.033）;化疗后Ki-67表达下降组pCR率19.8%（48/243）优于未下降组1.3%（1/77）（χ2=15.356,P=0.000）;各分子亚型间化疗疗效差异显著,Luminal A型pCR率为1.4%（1/71）,Luminal B型pCR率为15.3%（25/163）,HER2过表达型pCR率为31.3%（14/45）,三阴性型pCR率为22.0%（9/41）（χ2=20.639,P=0.000）;用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,Ki-67低表达组无病生存时间（DFS）和总生存时间（OS）均优于Ki-67高表达组,两者均为P=0.034。结论 Ki-67高表达患者对化疗更敏感,但预后较差。化疗前Ki-67的表达和化疗后Ki-67变化是影响DFS独立的预后因素。ER、PR、Ki-67指数及分子分型可以作为NCT疗效的预测指标,Ki-67指数与ER、PR、HER2之间存在相关性。     

新辅助化疗联合改良根治术治疗不同亚型乳腺癌的疗效及对相关标志物水平的影响

目的:探究新辅助化疗联合改良根治术在不同分子亚型乳腺癌患者中的应用及对硒结合蛋白1（SBP1）、Runt相关转录因子3（RUNX3）表达与定位的影响。方法:选取我院2017年01月-2019年01月收治的186例乳腺癌患者,依照免疫组化结果分为三阴型（46例）、人表皮生长因子受体-2过表达型［HER-2（+）］（45例）、Luminal A型（48例）及Luminal B型（47例）,均采用新辅助化疗联合改良根治术治疗,观察不同分子亚型治疗效果,SP免疫组化检测对比治疗前后孕激素受体（PR）、雌激素受体（ER）、HER-2、细胞增殖抗原（Ki-67）及SBP-1表达,Western-blot检测乳腺癌组织及癌旁组织中RUNX3蛋白表达,免疫荧光检测RUNX3亚细胞定位。结果:不同亚型乳腺癌控制率和治疗有效率比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。新辅助化疗联合改良根治术治疗前不同分子亚型ER、PR、HER-2及Ki-67表达存在显著差异（P＜0.05）;新辅助化疗联合改良根治术后ER、PR、HER-2表达状态未发生明显变化（P＞0.05）,Ki-67表达出现明显下降,且不同分子亚型间Ki-67下降结果比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。新辅助化疗联合改良根治术后,SBP1在不同亚型乳腺癌中表达均较治疗前显著提高,各分子亚型SBP1水平比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。不同亚型乳腺癌RUNX3表达存在明显差异,乳腺癌细胞核中表达明显增多,细胞浆中表达明显降低（P＜0.05）;新辅助化疗联合改良根治术后各分子亚型乳腺癌RUNX3水平得到显著提高（P＜0.05）。结论:新辅助化疗联合改良根治术在不同亚型乳腺癌中的应用效果较好,通过对乳腺癌分子标志物、SBP1及RUNX3的测定可为临床治疗效果的判断提供有效预测指标。     

胶质瘤相关癌基因1在乳腺癌亚型中的表达及意义

目的研究胶质瘤相关癌基因1（Gli1）的表达与乳腺癌各分子亚型的关系及意义。方法免疫组化法检测乳腺癌组织中Gli1表达,并探讨其与雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、人表皮生长因子受体 2（HER-2）、Ki-67表达的关系,根据4种因子的表达情况进行分组并分析Gli1在Ki-67相关各分子亚型中的表达情况。结果 Gli1表达在ER阳性和阴性、Ki 67高表达和低表达及TNM不同分期之间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 Luminal A型、Luminal B型、HER-2过表达型、Basal-like型中Gli1阳性率分别为51.35％、81.25％、88.24％和96.15％,Luminal A型的阳性率最低,且以低表达为主,与其他亚型比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 Gli1在Luminal A型乳腺癌中以低表达为主,可以作为接受单纯内分泌治疗的判断依据之一。Gli1高表达主要在Luminal B型、HER-2过表达型及Basal-like型乳腺癌中,并可能成为Basal-like型乳腺癌潜在的治疗靶点。     

Ki-67在乳腺癌各亚型中的表达及意义

背景与目的:目前公认的指导乳腺癌治疗和预后预测的生物学指标有雌激素受体(estrogenreceptor,ER)、孕激素受体(progesterone,PR)和人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factorreceptor-2,HER-2)。近年来Ki-67逐渐成为一个新的研究热点,众多研究提示,Ki-67很可能是继HER-2之后又一个重要的生物指标。本研究旨在分析Ki-67在不同亚型的乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义。方法:收集常州市第一人民医院乳腺外科2010年1月—12月收治的252例乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料,通过免疫组化(immunohistochemistry,IHC)方法测定手术后乳腺癌组织的ER、PR、HER-2和Ki-67的表达以区分不同的乳腺癌亚型。结果:Ki-67指数在不同年龄及不同淋巴结转移状态间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肿瘤直径>2 cm的患者Ki-67指数显著高于直径≤2 cm的患者(P=0.001)。病理分期为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期患者的Ki-67指数均显著高于病理分期为0期的患者(P<0.05),但是Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期患者间的Ki-67指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ER阴性、PR阴性、HER-2阳性的患者的Ki-67指数均显著高于其对应的ER阳性、PR阳性和HER-2阴性的患者(P<0.05)。Luminal B型、HER-2过表达型和三阴型的Ki-67指数均显著高于Luminal A型(P<0.001),而LuminalB型、HER-2过表达型和三阴型三者间的Ki-67指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Ki-67结合其他生物指标对预测乳腺癌的预后有一定意义,值得和ER、PR和HER-2同时进行检测。     

乳腺癌分子分型对多西他赛联合表阿霉素新辅助化疗疗效和预后的预测价值

目的探讨乳腺癌分子分型对多西他赛+表阿霉素新辅助化疗的临床疗效及预后的预测价值。方法对126例行多西他赛+表阿霉素新辅助化疗的老年乳腺癌患者的肿瘤组织行免疫组织化学检测,依据雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)表达情况及Ki67水平,将乳腺癌分三阴型、HER2过表达型、Luminal A型、Luminal B型,分析不同分子分型患者病理完全缓解率(p CR)的差异,比较不同分子分型患者术后无病生存时间(DFS)和总生存时间(OS)。结果乳腺癌分子分型各组p CR依次为三阴型(42.1%)、HER2过表达型(30.8%)、Luminal A型(13.2%)和Luminal B型(4.7%),三阴型和HER2过表达型者的临床总有效率分别为94.7%和80.8%,高于Luminal A型的63.7%和Luminal B型的55.9%(P<0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,分子亚型为影响乳腺癌临床疗效的独立因素,以三阴型为对照,Luminal A型、Luminal B型的OR值分别为1.885和2.317。Luminal A型患者的OS、DFS均高于三阴型(χ~2=3.176,P=0.032;χ~2=3.743,P=0.029)。结论以ER、PR、HER2、Ki67为依据的乳腺癌分子分型可能是老年乳腺癌多西他赛+表阿霉素新辅助化疗后p CR、OS、DFS的预测指标。     

新辅助化疗对乳腺癌疗效和雌激素受体孕激素受体Ki-67和人表皮生长因子受体2表达的影响分析

目的了解新辅助化疗（NAC）在局部进展期乳腺癌治疗前后ER、PR、Ki-67及HER-2的变化,探讨其与新辅助化疗疗效之间的相关关系。方法 46例接受新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者纳入研究,分析患者术前弹射式空芯针穿刺活检标本和术后大标本癌组织ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2表达的变化。患者化疗前行乳腺肿瘤粗针穿刺活检并免疫组化方法检测肿瘤组织ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2的表达。化疗后评估疗效并对接受手术的患者的手术标本通过同法检测各指标的表达。结果新辅助化疗前后ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2的表达均发生了改变,新辅助化疗前ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2阳性表达的肿瘤组织新辅助化疗后下调（ER：82.6%和80.4%;PR：78.3%和71.7%;Ki-67：39.1%和30.4%;HER-2：28.3%和26.1%）,但没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2阳性表达疗效有效率与阴性表达有效率分别为ER：68.4%和50.0%;PR：66.7%和60.0%;Ki-67：77.8%和57.1%;HER-2：53.8%和69.7%。ER、PR、Ki-67、HER-2表达状态与化疗效果均无明显的关系（均P〉0.05）。结论新辅助化疗可以改变ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2的表达,本临床研究未发现ER、PR、Ki-67和HER-2的变化与局部进展期乳腺癌的新辅助化疗疗效有相关关系。     

158例乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效与Ki-67截断值的相关分析

  目的  探讨乳腺癌分子分型、ER、PR、Ki-67表达对新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC）疗效的预测价值,以及不同化疗方案和周期对疗效的影响。  方法  收集2015年1月至12月158例天津医科大学肿瘤医院行NAC的女性乳腺癌患者的临床资料,对比各分子分型及不同化疗方案疗效的差异,分析评价影响疗效的临床指标,及ER、PR、Ki-67预测NAC疗效的价值。  结果  158例患者中,其中5例HER-2阳性患者行曲妥珠单抗治疗,因病例数较少未纳入统计分析。Spearman相关分析显示,NAC疗效与ER、PR表达呈负相关,与Ki-67（截断值为25%）表达呈正相关（P < 0.05）;Luminal型和非Luminal型乳腺癌患者NAC疗效的病理评价为无效分别占10.1%和1.3%,差异具有统计学意义（P=0.033）;NAC < 4个疗程的疗效达Ⅲ级仅4.8%,显著低于NAC≥4个疗程的36.0%,差异具有统计学意义（P=0.016）。Logistic多因素分析显示化疗前Ki-67表达是影响NAC疗效的独立预测因素。  结论  根据化疗前Ki-67表达可粗略预测NAC疗效,但Ki-67截断值应依据检测机构的数据进行评定;Luminal型患者经NAC治疗后无效的概率较大,化疗不敏感时可考虑手术治疗。NAC < 4个疗程时NAC疗效降低,提示NAC足疗程是提高其疗效的条件之一。      

ER、PR、Her-2、Ki-67在合并2型糖尿病的乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中的表达

目的探讨ER、PR、Her-2、Ki-67在合并2型糖尿病的乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中的表达情况,并对其与2型糖尿病的关系及临床意义进行分析。方法免疫组化方法检测96例合并2型糖尿病乳腺癌患者及114例非糖尿病乳腺癌患者组织中ER、PR、Her-2及Ki-67的表达情况,并比较两组在乳腺癌分子分型上的差异。结果糖尿病组与非糖尿病组的ER、Her-2及Ki-67阳性表达差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);PR阳性表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在合并糖尿病组中,Luminal A型、Luminal B型、基底细胞样(basal-like)型的比例分别为20.8%(20/96)、18.8%(18/96)、31.2%(30/96),对照组比例分别为35.1%(40/114)、28.9%(33/114)、15.8%(18/114),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组HER-2过表达型无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论合并2型糖尿病是乳腺癌患者预后不良的危险因素之一。     

局部进展期乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后生物标志物表达变化与疗效的相关性

目的：探讨局部进展期乳腺癌行新辅助化疗前后相关生物标志物的表达变化情况与化疗疗效的相关性。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测102例新辅助化疗前后局部进展期乳腺癌组织中雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、人类表皮生长因子受体－2（HER －2）、p53和增殖细胞核抗原（Ki －67）等表达,分析化疗前后生物标志物表达变化与化疗疗效的相关性。结果：ER 阴性组、PR 阴性组、Ki －67高表达组的新辅助化疗有效率分别为50．0％、49．1％、51．4％,高于 ER 阳性组26．0％、PR 阳性组25．5％、Ki －67低表达组9．4％（P ＜0．05）。Logistic 多因素回归分析显示,ER、Ki －67的表达水平是评估化疗疗效的独立因素（P ＜0．05）。Luminal 型乳腺癌总生存期高于 non －Luminal 型（Long －rank 检验,P ＜0．05）。结论：ER、Ki －67、分子亚型可作为局部进展期乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效判断的重要预测指标。     

Luminal B 型早期乳腺癌临床病理特点及预后危险因素分析

目的:探讨Luminal B型早期乳腺癌临床病理特点及影响预后的因素。方法:回顾性分析2010年01月至2016年06月我院收治的Luminal B型乳腺癌患者285例,分析其临床病理特点和影响预后的相关因素。结果:Luminal B(HER-2阴性)乳腺癌患者190例（66.7%）,Luminal B(HER-2阳性)患者为95例（33.3%）。Luminal B(HER-2阴性)与Luminal B(HER-2阳性)在脉管癌栓、腋窝淋巴结状态和放疗例数差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Luminal B(HER-2阳性)复发转移率高（P＜0.05）,且5年的无病生存和总生存率均低于Luminal B(HER-2阴性) （P＜0.05）。单因素和多因素分析显示脉管癌栓、淋巴结状态、PR和Ki-67是Luminal B型乳腺癌预后独立的影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论:与Luminal B(HER-2阴性)相比,Luminal B(HER-2阳性)乳腺癌患者恶性程度更高,预后更差。脉管癌栓、淋巴结转移、Ki-67高表达和PR阴性是影响Luminal B型乳腺癌预后的独立危险因素。     

洛铂联合多西他赛行肿瘤细胞减灭术加腹腔热灌注化疗治疗腹膜癌的临床观察

目的 分析洛铂联合多西他赛行肿瘤细胞减灭术（cytoreductive surgery, CRS）加腹腔热灌注化疗（hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, HIPEC）治疗腹膜癌（peritoneal carcinoma, PC）的围手术期安全性及疗效。 方法 PC患者行CRS+HIPEC治疗,药物为洛铂50 mg/m2、多西他赛60 mg/m²,加入12 000 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液加热至（43±0.5）℃持续灌注60 min。记录术后6天体温和心率变化、围手术期不良事件、血常规及血生化指标、术后患者恢复情况及生存结果。结果 90例PC患者行95次CRS+HIPEC,手术时间180~450 min (中位数485 min）;术后6天最高体温、心率分别为36.4℃~38.6℃（中位数37.5℃）、76~124 bpm（中位数100 bpm）,严重不良事件16例,包括围手术期死亡2例。中位生存期20.8月（95%CI: 13.1~25.8月）,1、3、5年生存率分别为75.6%、45.6%、43.3%。 结论 洛铂联合多西他赛进行CRS+HIPEC治疗PC安全性可接受,有助于延长患者生存期。     

MNP和MVP方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的　比较MNP和MVP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)的疗效和不良反应。方法　 12 6例晚期NSCLC患者随机分为A和B组 ,A组采用MNP(丝裂霉素 去甲长春花碱 顺铂 )方案化疗。B组采用MVP(丝裂霉素 长春酰胺 顺铂 )方案化疗。至少连用 2个周期后评价疗效。结果　A组有效率为 5 4.0 % ( 3 4/63 ) ,B组有效率为 3 4.9% ( 2 2 /63 ) ,无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;其中对腺癌有效率A组为 44 .4% ( 16/3 6) ,B组为 3 3 .3 % ( 12 /3 6)。A组静脉炎发生率为 2 8.6% ( 14 /4 9) ,B组为 0 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其它不良反应 2组无显著性差异。结论　MNP方案为治疗晚期NSCLC较为有效和安全的化疗方案     

The prognostic role of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis in perihilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

IntroductionCholangiocellular carcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Among curative treatment options for CCA, radical surgical resection with extrahepatic bile duct resection, hepatectomy and en-bloc lymphadenectomy are considered the mainstay of curative therapy. Here, we aimed to identify prognostic markers of clinical outcome in CCA-patients who underwent surgical resection in curative intent.Material and methodsBetween 2011 and 2016, 162 patients with CCA (perihilar CCA (pCCA): n = 91, intrahepatic CCA (iCCA): n = 71) underwent surgery in curative intent at our institution. Preoperative characteristics, perioperative data and oncological follow-up were obtained from a prospectively managed institutional database. The associations of overall- (OS) and disease-free-survival (DFS) with clinico-pathological characteristics were assessed using univariate and multivariable cox regression analyses.ResultsThe median OS and DFS were 38 and 36 months for pCCA and 25 and 13 months for iCCA, respectively. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and lymph node metastasis as well as surgical complications as assessed by the comprehensive complication index (CCI) and tumor grading were independently associated with OS for the pCCA (LVI; RR = 2.36, p = 0.028; CCI; RR = 1.04, p < 0.001) and iCCA cohorts (N-category; RR = 3.21, p = 0.040; tumor grading; RR = 3.75, p = 0.013; CCI, RR = 4.49, p = 0.010), respectively. No other clinical variable including R0-status and Bismuth classification was associated with OS.ConclusionMajor liver resections for CCA are feasible and safe in experienced high-volume centers. Lymph node metastasis and LVI are associated with adverse clinical outcome, supporting the role of systematic lymphadenectomy. The assessment of LVI may be useful in identifying high-risk patients for adjuvant treatment strategies.     

蛋白激酶C的下调与KBV200细胞多药耐药性的关系

目的　探讨蛋白激酶C (PKC)在肿瘤多药耐药 (MDR)中的作用。方法　3 2 P掺入法测定PKC的活性 ;Westernblot法检测KBV2 0 0细胞株PKC亚型的表达和亚细胞分布 ;实验组用十字孢碱 (SP)预孵育KBV2 0 0细胞 ;MTT法检测耐药株KBV2 0 0细胞的耐药性。结果　SP可下调膜组分和浆组分的PKC活性及总活性 ;使PKCα膜组分和浆组分的表达均降低 ,PKCβ的膜组分消失 ,浆组分PKCβ的表达稍增强 ,PKCε的膜组分和浆组分表达无变化 ;SP可降低VCR、ADR对KBV2 0 0细胞的IC50 值 (P <0 0 1)。结论　SP使KBV2 0 0细胞耐药性降低 ,可能与下调PKC有关。     

Denosumab in patients with cancer and skeletal metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

We conducted a systematic review of the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of denosumab in reducing skeletal-related events (SRE) in patients with bone metastases.

Methods

A literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and The Cochrane Collaboration Library identified relevant controlled clinical trials up-to-March 14, 2012. Two independent reviewers assessed studies for inclusion, according to predetermined criteria, and extracted relevant data. The primary outcomes of interest were SRE, time to first on-study SRE, and overall survival. Secondary outcomes included pain, quality of life, bone turnover markers (BTM), and adverse events.

Results

Six controlled trials including 6142 patients were analyzed. Compared to zoledronic acid, denosumab had lower incidence of SRE with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.84 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.80–0.88), delayed the onset of first on-study SRE (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.75–0.90) and time to worsening of pain (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.77–0.91). No difference was observed in overall survival with pooled hazard ratio of 0.98 (95% CI 0.90–1.0). For total adverse events, denosumab was similar to zoledronic acid (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.89–1.0). No significant differences were observed in the frequency of osteonecrosis of the jaw (RR 1.4; 95% CI 0.92–2.1). Patients on denosumab had a greater risk of developing hypocalcemia (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.6–2.3).

Conclusions

Denosumab was more effective than zoledronic acid in reducing the incidence of SRE, and delayed the time to SRE. No differences were found between denosumab and zoledronic acid in reducing overall mortality, or in the frequency of overall adverse events.     

食管、贲门、胃肿瘤手术前后胆总管及胆囊内径值的对比及其意义

本文对１８０例食管、贲门、胃肿瘤手术前后ＣＢＤ及ＧＢ进行了检测和对比，发现３组病人手术后ＣＢＤ平均值均较手术前增大（Ｐ＜０．０５）。胃癌组变化明显，贲门组次之，后为食管癌组。胃癌组手术后胆囊平均值较术前增大（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示：食管、贲门、胃肿瘤手术后ＣＢＤ与ＧＢ的改变可能与手术中迷走神经的损伤有关。     

HPV感染对口咽癌无病生存期影响的Meta分析

目的 综合评价人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）感染与口咽癌无病生存期（disease-free survival,DFS）的关联。方法 检索中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed等数据库,全面收集研究HPV感染与口咽癌无病生存期关系的文献,设定纳入和排除标准,评价文献质量,检验异质性,计算合并风险比（HR）及其95%可信区间（95%CI）,评估发表偏倚。结果 纳入文献16篇,口咽癌病例共2 512例,其中HPV阳性1 210例,HPV阳性率48.17%,HPV阴性1 302例。与HPV阴性相比,HPV感染的口咽癌病例复发或转移风险较低（合并HR: 0.371, 95%CI: 0.231~0.511）,其中HPV-16型感染对口咽癌DFS的合并HR为0.248, 95%CI: 0.132~0.365;HPV阳性且p16蛋白表达对口咽癌DFS有保护作用（合并HR:0.281, 95%CI: 0.137~0.424)。结论 HPV感染对口咽癌无病生存期可能有保护作用。     

GF方案与TP方案一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床对照研究

Objective  

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacies of initial gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) and paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) 1st-line chemotherapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and observe their side effects.     

Oxygen for relief of dyspnoea in mildly- or non-hypoxaemic patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of palliative oxygen for relief of dyspnoea in cancer patients. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for randomised controlled trials, comparing oxygen and medical air in cancer patients not qualifying for home oxygen therapy. Abstracts were reviewed and studies were selected using Cochrane methodology. The included studies provided oxygen at rest or during a 6-min walk. The primary outcome was dyspnoea. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) were used to combine scores. Five studies were identified; one was excluded from meta-analysis due to data presentation. Individual patient data were obtained from the authors of the three of the four remaining studies (one each from England, Australia, and the United States). A total of 134 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Oxygen failed to improve dyspnoea in mildly- or non-hypoxaemic cancer patients (SMD=-0.09, 95% confidence interval -0.22 to 0.04; P=0.16). Results were stable to a sensitivity analysis, excluding studies requiring the use of imputed quantities. In this small meta-analysis, oxygen did not provide symptomatic benefit for cancer patients with refractory dyspnoea, who would not normally qualify for home oxygen therapy. Further study of the use of oxygen in this population is warranted given its widespread use.     

Proficiency of DNA repair genes and microsatellite instability in operated colorectal cancer patients with clinical suspicion of lynch syndrome

Background

Lynch syndrome (LS) diagnosis is underestimated, and most of the patients remain undetected after colorectal resections. The study aims to assess the frequency of LS in patients undergoing surgical treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods

A total of 458 CRC patients were operated from January 2005 to December 2008. Positive CRC family history (FH) was present in 118 (25.8%) patients. Histologic sections were reviewed for microsatellite instability (MSI) criteria (Bethesda guidelines), immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 proteins, through the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, MSI (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24 and MONO-27) and BRAF somatic mutation.

Results

Of the 118 patients with FH, 61 (51.69%) met at least one of the revised Bethesda criteria. IHC was abnormal in 8 (13.1%) and MSI in 12 patients (20%). BRAF was negative in all cases. MSI histopathological included: intratumoral lymphocytes (47.5%), expansive tumors (29.5%) mucinous component (27.8%) and Crohn’s like reaction in (14.7%). There was an association between the revised Bethesda criteria with: sex, mucinous histology and Crohn’s like reaction; MSI and IHC with PMS2 and MLH1. Revised Bethesda criteria 4 had 10.6 increased chances to display positive MSI. We have proposed a score to contribute as a practical tool in the diagnosis of LS.

Conclusions

The frequence of LS in resected CRC patients was 2.6%. The criterion 4 Revised Bethesda was associated more strongly with the presence of MSI.