New Findings on the Effects of Tannic Acid: Inhibition of L‐Type Calcium Channels,Calcium Transient and Contractility in Rat Ventricular Myocytes

Tannic acid (TA) is a group of water‐soluble polyphenolic compounds that occur mainly in plant‐derived feeds, food grains and fruits. Many studies have explored its biomedical properties, such as anticancer, antibacterial, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antihypertensive activities. However, the effects of TA on the L‐type Ca²⁺ current (I_Ca‐L) of cardiomyocytes remain undefined. The present study examined the effects of TA on I_Ca‐L using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique and on intracellular Ca²⁺ handling and cell contractility in rat ventricular myocytes with the aid of a video‐based edge detection system. Exposure to TA resulted in a concentration‐ and voltage‐dependent blockade of I_Ca‐L, with the half maximal inhibitory concentration of 1.69 μM and the maximal inhibitory effect of 46.15%. Moreover, TA significantly inhibited the amplitude of myocyte shortening and peak value of Ca²⁺ transient and increased the time to 10% of the peak. These findings provide new experimental evidence for the cellular mechanism of action of TA and may help to expand clinical treatments for cardiovascular disease. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

卡托普利对缺氧复氧乳鼠心室肌细胞游离钙和钠钙交换电流的影响

 目的观察卡托普利预处理对缺氧复氧乳鼠心室肌细胞游离钙和钠钙交换电流(Na⁺/Ca²⁺exchange current,I_Na-Ca)的影响。方法建立培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤模型。Flou-3/AM负载染色,应用流式细胞分析技术,测定细胞内钙离子浓度([Ca²⁺]_i);利用全细胞膜片钳技术,观察I_Na-Ca的变化。结果与正常对照组比较,缺氧复氧可显著增加[Ca²⁺]_i和I_Na-Ca。与缺氧复氧组比较,卡托普利呈浓度依赖性抑制缺氧复氧时[Ca²⁺]_i增加,减少I_Na-Ca的增加。但[Ca²⁺]_i和I_Na-Ca仍高于正常对照组。结论心肌细胞缺氧复氧可引起[Ca²⁺]_i的异常升高,与I_Na-Ca的异常增加有关;卡托普利预处理可能通过轻度增加I_Na-Ca及其[Ca²⁺]_i而触发心脏延迟保护作用,抑制后续缺氧复氧引起的I_Na-Ca及其[Ca²⁺]_i的异常增加。     

冬虫夏草对豚鼠心室肌细胞胞浆钙离子浓度及L-型钙电流的影响

目的　研究冬虫夏草 (Codycepssinensis,CS)水提液对豚鼠单个心室肌细胞胞浆内钙离子浓度 ([Ca2 ]i)及L 型钙电流 (ICa L)的影响。方法　酶解法分离豚鼠单个心室肌细胞 ,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜联合全细胞膜片钳技术测定豚鼠心室肌细胞 [Ca2 ]i以及ICa L的变化。结果　应用 0 1mg/mL (生药浓度 )冬虫夏草水提液 ,在静息状态下对 [Ca2 ]i 无影响 ;对 6 0mmol/LKCl诱导的胞浆 [Ca2 ]i升高有促进作用 ,峰值荧光强度在 12 0s时由12 0 4 3± 2 38 4增加至 185 5 2± 32 1 0 (n =6 ,P <0 0 5 )。膜片钳研究结果表明 ,冬虫夏草水提液可明显促进ICa L,使ICa L从 (- 15 1± 2 3)pA/ pF增加到 (- 19 7± 3 2 ) pA/pF (刺激电压为 10mV ,n =8,P <0 0 1)。 结论　冬虫夏草水提液促进心肌细胞钙内流 ,是该药治疗缓慢型心律失常的机制之一。     

氧化苦参碱对豚鼠单个心室肌细胞胞浆[Ca2+]i的影响

 目的 观察氧化苦参碱对急性分离的豚鼠单个心室肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度([Ca²⁺]_i)的影响。方法 采用酶解法分离豚鼠单个心肌细胞,用钙敏感的荧光指示剂Fluo-3/AM染色,以荧光强度(FI)来代表[Ca²⁺]_i,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微技术动态监测FI的变化。结果 在静息状态下,10μmol·L^-1氧化苦参碱对[Ca²⁺]_i无明显影响;但10μmol·L^-1氧化苦参碱对60mmol·L^-1KCl介导的外钙内流却有明显抑制作用(P<0.05)。结论 氧化苦参碱对电压依赖性钙通道(VDC)具有明显抑制作用,这可能是其抗心律失常作用机制之一。     

Effect of the total saponins of Aralia elata (Miq) Seem on cardiac contractile function and intracellular calcium cycling regulation

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Total saponins of Aralia elata (Miq) Seem (AS) from the Chinese traditional herb Longya Aralia chinensis L. can improve cardiac function, although the active mechanism remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to determine the direct effect of AS on cardiac function in dogs and the effects on Ca²⁺ transient and contractions in isolated rat cardiomyocytes.

Material and Methods

In anesthetized dogs, hemodynamic indexes and myocardial oxygen consumption were determined before and after AS was administered. In isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes, contractile and intracellular Ca²⁺ properties were determined simultaneously in real time by using an IonOptix MyoCam system.

Results

Our results showed that AS directly induced a positive inotropic effect and improved coronary blood flow and energy metabolism, indicating that AS induced a beneficial effect to treat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Moreover, AS increased sarcomere shortening, maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening (±dL/dt), amplitude of [Ca²⁺]_i transients and SERCA activity in a concentration-dependent manner. PKCε was also activated after the cells were treated with AS.

Conclusion

These findings revealed the positive inotropic effect of AS on canine myocardium and isolated rat cardiomyocytes. This effect was possibly associated with an increase in amplitude of the [Ca²⁺]_i transient and PKCε-dependent signaling pathway.     

三氧化二砷对豚鼠心室肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响

 目的 研究三氧化二砷(As₂O₃)对豚鼠心室肌细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响。方法Fluo-3／AM荧光探针标记豚鼠心室肌细胞游离钙离子,激光共聚焦显微镜实时测定不同浓度As₂O₃干预5 min后心室肌细胞的胞浆钙的变化。不同剂量的As₂O₃对正常台氏液中的豚鼠心肌细胞体外浓度递减性干预13 h后心肌细胞DNA片断化的情况。结果 不同浓度As₂O₃对心室肌细胞的胞浆钙影响不同。在正常台氏液中,低浓度As₂O₃引起一过性钙增高,高浓度的As₂O₃引起持续钙增高,并被钙通道阻滞剂维拉帕米不完全阻断。在无钙台氏液中,低浓度As₂O₃对胞浆钙无影响,高浓度的As₂O₃引起持续钙增高。10μmol·L^-1的As₂O₃体外浓度递减性干预13 h后,豚鼠心肌细胞发生DNA的片断化。低于10μmol·L^-1的As₂O₃体外浓度递减性干预13 h后,心肌细胞无明显的DNA片断化。结论 As₂O₃影响细胞外钙内流和细胞内钙库释放,导致心肌细胞内的游离钙升高,其机制可能有电压依赖性钙通道参与。低浓度引起胞内一过性钙升高;高浓度导致胞内持续性钙升高。后者可能是As₂O₃诱导细胞凋亡的机制之一。     

小檗碱对DHF大鼠血流动力学和心肌细胞内钙离子浓度的影响

目的:观察小檗碱(Ber)对舒张性心力衰竭(diastole heart failure,DHF)大鼠血流动力学和心肌细胞内钙离子浓度[Ca²⁺]_i的影响。方法:Wistar大鼠腹主动脉缩窄法建立DHF模型;术后4周,模型大鼠随机分为DHF模型组,Ber高、中、低剂量组(63,42,21mg·kg^-1.d^-1)4组(n=10),另有假手术组10只。连续给药4周后,应用十六导生理记录仪测定血流动力学指标;用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)扫描用Fluo-3AM负载好的心肌细胞内的荧光强度(FI)来表示[Ca²⁺]_i。结果:模型组与假手术组比,左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左室内压最大上升速率(+dp/dt_max)无显著变化,左心室舒张末期内压(LVEDP)显著升高(P<0.01),左室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dt_max)显著降低(P<0.01),左室松弛时间常数(T)数值显著延长(P<0.01);心肌细胞内[Ca²⁺]_i明显增高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,Ber高剂量组比中剂量组低剂量组更显著降低LVEDP,显著升高-dp/dt_max(P<0.01),显著缩短T(P<0.01),显著降低心肌细胞内[Ca²⁺]_i(P<0.01)。结论:Ber高剂量组可以明显改善DHF大鼠血流动力学和降低心肌细胞内[Ca²⁺]_i。     

蚓激酶对活化血小板[Ca2+]i、JNK1和P-选择素表达的影响

 目的 研究蚓激酶(lumbrokinase, LK对大鼠血小板内钙离子浓度（intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca²⁺]_i、c-Jun氨基末端激酶-1 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1, JNK1以及人血小板P-选择素(P-selection, Ps表达水平的影响,阐明LK抗血小板活化的部分机制。方法 用荧光分光光度计测定LK对大鼠血小板活化过程中胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i的影响;免疫蛋白印记方法检测LK对大鼠血小板JNK1磷酸化水平的影响;流式细胞仪测定LK对人血小板活化过程中Ps表达水平的影响。结果 LK高剂量组（100 mg·L^-1和中剂量组（50 mg·L^-1大鼠血小板[Ca²⁺]_i分别为（425.49±37.4 nmol·L^-1和（509.65±35.67 nmol·L^-1,与诱导组血小板[Ca²⁺]_i （555.59±39.71 nmol·L^-1相比显著降低（P<0.01,P<0.05;LK高剂量组（100 mg·L^-1和中剂量组（50 mg·L^-1大鼠血小板JNK1磷酸化水平分别为（0.60±0.069和（0.79±0.048,与诱导组血小板JNK1磷酸化水平（0.87±0.037相比显著降低（P<0.01,P<0.05;LK高剂量组（100 mg·L^-1和中剂量组（50 mg·L^-1人血小板Ps水平为（42.99±2.69和（44.72±2.09,与诱导组（49.99±3.81相比显著降低（P<0.01,P<0.05。结论 体外实验表明LK能够抑制大鼠血小板胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i升高和JNK1的磷酸化,同时也能抑制人血小板Ps的表达水平的升高,从而起到抗血小板活化作用。     

JAK,PTPs抑制剂钙拮抗剂对As2O3引起的[Ca2+]i变化的影响

 目的　研究蛋白酪氨酸激酶 (JAK)、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶 (PTPs)抑制剂和Ca²⁺通道阻滞剂对As₂O₃致人脑皮层神经元和白血病细胞的胞浆 [Ca²⁺]_i变化的影响。方法　Fluo-3/AM荧光探针标记胞浆游离Ca²⁺,激光共聚焦显微镜实时测定不同浓度As₂O₃干预后胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i 的变化及JAK PTPs抑制剂和Ca²⁺通道阻滞剂对As₂O₃引起的胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i 变化的影响。结果　As₂O₃升高胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i,并被Ca²⁺通道阻滞剂不完全抑制。1μmol·L^-1的As₂O₃使NB4胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i明显增高,而对神经元胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i 影响不明显。JAK抑制剂genistein能浓度依赖性抑制As₂O₃触发的[Ca²⁺]_i 升高。给药后 280s的总抑制率均值分别为NB4:(6.7± 2.9)%,(25.6±2.5) %和(52.2±3.5)%;皮层神经元:(7.8±3.1)%,(18.1± 2.8) %和(51.3±3.3)%。结论　As₂O₃对不同细胞的胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i 升高程度不同。JAK,PTPs参与As₂O₃触发的钙池操纵性Ca²⁺内流。Ca²⁺通道阻滞剂参与了As₂O₃触发的电压门控性Ca²⁺内流。     

Four Main Active Ingredients Derived from a Traditional Chinese Medicine Guanxin Shutong Capsule Cause Cardioprotection during Myocardial Ischemia Injury Calcium Overload Suppression

Guanxin Shutong capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of myocardial ischemia (MI). Previous studies have shown that the formula has four main active ingredients (FMAI), protocatechuic acid, cryptotanshinone, borneol, and eugenol. However, the mechanisms of action of these FMAI against MI injury are still not well known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of the FMAI on MI in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated, the cell viability and apoptosis rate were, respectively, measured by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and fluorescence activating cell sorter, and the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) and CaM and CaMKII δ mRNA as well as protein levels were determined. Meanwhile, their downstream targets of RyR2 and PLB were also measured by western blot. In vivo, a rat model of coronary artery ligation was used to evaluate the cardioprotective effects. Infarct sizes of heart tissues and levels of serum biochemical indicators, including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase, were measured. The in vitro results showed that the FMAI inhibited cell apoptosis, reduced [Ca²⁺]_i, decreased the expression of CaM and CaMKII δ, and increased the expression of RyR2 and PLB. In vivo, the FMAI diminished infract size, reduced creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity. In conclusion, our data suggest that the FMAI suppressed calcium overload and exerted its protective effect via its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti‐apoptosis activities. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体的溶栓作用及对血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙离子浓度的影响

 目的 研究重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体(reteplase,Ret)的溶栓作用以及对离体家兔血小板聚集功能和对血小板静息状态胞浆内游离钙浓度的影响。方法 家兔血栓模型采用动-静脉旁路法,血小板聚集实验采用比浊法,血小板静息状态胞浆内游离钙浓度采用Fura-2荧光测定法。结果Ret(3.75×10⁵,7.50×10⁵,15.0×10⁵U·kg^-1)对家兔动-静脉旁路所形成的血栓有明显溶栓作用,可明显减轻血栓干湿重量,并呈一定的剂量依赖性。Ret(1 000,3 000,10 000 U·mL^-1)对ADP诱导的血小板聚集可产生浓度依赖性的抑制作用,并可明显降低血小板静息状态的[Ca²⁺]_i,并呈一定的浓度依赖性。结论Ret具有明显的血栓溶解作用,可明显抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集,并明显降低血小板静息状态的[Ca²⁺]_i。     

双苯氟嗪对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后胞浆[Ca2+]i的影响

 目的研究双苯氟嗪(Dip)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑神经细胞胞浆Ca²⁺浓度([Ca²⁺]_i)变化的影响。方法将400pmol的内皮素-1(ET-1)灌注到大鼠大脑中动脉附近制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,以Fura-2/AM作为钙荧光指示剂,双波长荧光分光光度法检测灌注ET-1后不同时间大鼠大脑皮层和纹状体神经细胞胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i的变化及Dip对灌注ET-1后4h胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i变化的影响,并采用TYC染色法观察了Dip对灌注ET-1后24h脑梗死范围的影响。结果灌注400pmolET-1诱发大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后,大鼠大脑皮层和纹状体神经细胞胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i明显升高,并于灌注EF-1后4h达峰值,随着再灌注时间的延长,胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i逐渐降低;Dip20,40mg·kg^-1可以明显降低灌注ET-1后4h大脑皮层和纹状体神经细胞胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i的升高(P<0.01),Dip10mg·kg^-1组虽表现出一定的降低胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i的作用,但与溶剂组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05);对脑梗死范围的测定结果显示,Dip可以缩小脑梗死范围,其作用呈现明显的剂量依赖关系(r=0.9797,P<0.01)。结论Dip对抗脑缺血再灌注损伤后胞浆[Ca²⁺]_i升高可能是其产生神经保护作用的重要机制。     

The effect of ligustrazine on L-type calcium current,calcium transient and contractility in rabbit ventricular myocytes

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Ligustrazine, the biologically active ingredient isolated from a popular Chinese medicinal plant, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae), has been used effectively to treat ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular and thrombotic vascular diseases since the 1970s.

Materials and methods

At present, the effect of ligustrazine on L-type calcium current (I_Ca-L) of ventricular myocytes remains controversial. In this study, we use the whole-cell patch-clamp techniques and video-based edge detection and dual excitation fluorescence photomultiplier systems to study the effects of ligustrazine on I_Ca-L, and calcium transient and contractility in rabbit ventricular myocytes in the absence and presence of isoprenaline (ISO).

Results

Ligustrazine (5 μM) in low concentration did not affect I_Ca-L (P>0.05), higher concentrations of this drug (10, 20, 40, 80 μM) inhibited I_Ca-L in a concentration-dependent manner and reduced I_Ca-L by 9.6±2.9%, 21.0±4.3%, 33.9±4.3%, and 51.6±7.3%, respectively. Under normal conditions, ligustrazine (40 μΜ) reduced baseline of fura-2 fluorescence intensities (FFI, 340/380 ratio), namely diastolic calcium concentration, changes in FFI (ΔFFI, 340/380 ratio) and maximal velocity of Ca²⁺ rise and decay (340/380 ratio/ms) by 6.3%, 26.1%, 25.2%, and 26.5%, and decreased sarcomere peak shorting (PS) and maximal velocity of shorting and relengthening by 36.4%, 31.9%, and 25.0%, respectively. Similarly, ligustrazine (40 μM) reduced baseline FFI, ΔFFI, and maximal velocity of Ca²⁺ rise and decay by 14.1%, 51.1%, 35.2%, and 41.1%, and reduced sarcomere PS and maximal velocity of shorting and relengthening by 38.6%, 50.0% and 39.1%, respectively, in the presence of ISO.

Conclusions

Ligustrazine not only significantly inhibits I_Ca-L in a concentration-dependent manner but also suppressed calcium transient and contraction in the absence and presence of ISO.     

龙牙楤木总皂苷对缺血/再灌注心肌细胞收缩功能和钙瞬变的影响

为探讨龙牙楤木总皂苷(AS)对缺血/再灌注(I/R)诱导大鼠心肌细胞损伤的保护作用,采用乳酸钠灌注液灌注成年大鼠的心室肌细胞模拟缺血,含钙台式液模拟再灌注,细胞收缩与离子浓度同步测定系统同步检测AS对单个I/R细胞收缩和钙瞬变的影响.发现AS使再灌注后心肌细胞静息态肌小节长度、收缩幅度、收缩/舒张速度以及钙瞬变幅度、速度增大(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),细胞达到舒张时最大长度的90.0％的时间、细胞收缩达峰值的时间、稳态钙静息值、收缩期[Ca2+]i上升到最高的50.0％的时间、胞内钙瞬变衰减率减少(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01).因此,推测AS改善了缺血再灌注后细胞收缩与钙稳态的损伤.     

Antiarrhythmic effects and ionic mechanisms of oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens

Accumulating evidence indicates that oxymatrine may exert protective effects on the cardiovascular system. This study was designed to evaluate the antiarrhythmic effects as well as the electrophysiological properties of oxymatrine. The antiarrhythmic activity of oxymatrine was observed in a rat model of arrhythmia induced by coronary ligation. Action potential duration (APD), L‐type calcium current (I_Ca‐L), transient outward potassium current (I_to) and inward rectifier potassium current (I_K1) in rat ventricular myocytes were recorded by utilizing the whole cell patch‐clamp technique. The results showed that administration of oxymatrine significantly delayed the onset of ventricular arrhythmia, decreased the duration of ventricular arrhythmia and reduced the arrhythmia score of arrhythmic rats. The beneficial effects of oxymatrine may be related to the shortening of APD through reduction of I_Ca‐L, enhancement of I_to and inhibition of I_K1. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effect of Wine Polyphenol Resveratrol on the Contractions Elicited Electrically or by Norepinephrine in the Rat Portal Vein

We investigated the effects of resveratrol on rat portal vein (RPV) contractility without endothelium. Contractions were produced by electrical field stimulation of perivascular nerves (EFS), norepinephrine (NE), adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP), high K⁺ solution and by calcium chloride (CaCl₂) in Ca²⁺‐free and high K⁺, Ca²⁺‐free solution. The EFS‐evoked contractions were more sensitive to resveratrol and to NS1619‐selective openers of big calcium‐sensitive (BK_Ca) channels, than NE‐evoked contractions. Effects of resveratrol on the ATP‐evoked contractions were weak. Blockers of BK_Ca channels partly inhibited the effect of resveratrol only in EFS‐contracted preparations. Western blotting showed that RPV expressed K_Ca1.1 protein. Inhibitors of ATP‐ and voltage‐sensitive K⁺ channels did not modify the effects of resveratrol. None of the antagonists of K⁺ channels affected the resveratrol inhibition of NE‐evoked contractions and effect of high concentrations of resveratrol on the EFS‐evoked contractions. Resveratrol more potently inhibited CaCl₂ than potassium chloride contractions of RPV. Thus, BK_Ca channels partly mediate the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the neurogenic contractions of RPV. The smooth muscle Ca²⁺ channels and/or Ca²⁺ mobilizing through cells might be involved in the effects of resveratrol on the contractility of RPV. Our results are important for better understanding the impact of resveratrol on the portal circulation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

灵芝多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞胞浆游离Ca2+浓度的影响

 目的:探讨灵芝多糖(GLP)对免疫细胞信号转导过程的影响?方法:采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)技术,动态监测GLP均一体组分GLB₇对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(MΦ)胞浆游离Ca²⁺浓度([Ca²⁺]i)的影响?结果:GLB₇(20μg·ml^-1)引起小鼠腹腔MΦ中[Ca²⁺]i明显升高,升高值为(248±18)%(n=6);GLB₇引起小鼠腹腔MΦ外钙内流及MΦ内IP₃敏感和IP₃非敏感钙池释放Ca²⁺,[Ca²⁺]i升高值分别为(76±10)%,(58±10)%,(41±8)%(n=6);GLB₇对MΦ[Ca²⁺]i的影响与K⁺通道及其引起的膜电位变化无关?结论:MΦ是灵芝多糖作用的靶细胞;GLB₇引起MΦ中[Ca²⁺]i快速升高,可能是灵芝多糖产生作用的重要途径?     

益心酮调控细胞膜钙通道的实验研究

目的 :观察中药益心酮片调控细胞膜钙通道的特性 ,从细胞和亚细胞水平探讨其改善心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用机理。方法 :采用大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞模型 ,用放射性⁴⁵Ca跨膜流动测定技术分别观察益心酮片对溢流钙通道 (LC)、受体调控钙通道 (ROC)和电压依赖钙通道 (PDC)Ca²⁺ 内流的影响。结果 :益心酮片对LCCa²⁺ 内流无明显影响 ,对ROC和PDCCa²⁺ 内流有明显抑制作用。结论 :益心酮可以抑制慢通道Ca²⁺ 内流 ,且抑制作用呈现剂量依赖关系。