18F-氟化钠PET和PET-CT诊断肺癌骨转移的对比研究

目的 对比研究18F-氟化钠(18F-NaF)PET和PET-CT对肺癌骨转移诊断的准确性.方法 34例初始诊断为肺癌的患者接受18F-NaF PET-CT检查,对PET和PET-CT图像分别进行解释,发现的病变分为恶性、良性和不确定三种.骨转移的综合评价方法包括MRI(34例)、18F-氟脱氧葡糖糖PET-CT(4例)、组织学活检(2例)和临床随访(6例).结果 按患者水平分析时,34例患者中的11例(32%)发生骨转移,其中,18F-NaF PET-CT准确诊断所有患者的骨转移,无假阳性和假阴性,而18F-NaF PET诊断真阳性8例、3例不能确定,18F-NaF PET确诊的8例骨转移患者中的4例PET没有显示全部转移病变(假阴性和不确定病变);按病变水平分析时,118个病变获得最终诊断,其中转移病变47个、良性病变71个,其中,18F-NaF PET诊断真阳性27个、真阴性64个、不确定病变24个、假阴性1个、假阳性2个,而18F-NaF PET-CT诊断真阳性46个、假阴性1个、真阴性71个.按患者水平分析,将不确定病变归为恶性时,18F-NaF PET-CT的特异性高于18F-NaF PET(100% vs 78%,χ2=10.78,P<0.05),二者的灵敏度均为100%;将不确定病变归为良性时,18F-NaF PET-CT诊断骨转移的灵敏度显著高于18F-NaF PET(100% vs 73%,χ2=6.41,P<0.01),二者特异度差异无显著性(100% vs 96%,χ2=2.03,P>0.05);按病变水平分析时,得到与患者水平分析相似结果.结论 18F-NaF PET-CT诊断肺癌骨转移的准确性优于18F-NaF PET,PET-CT中的低剂量CT可进一步提高良、恶性病变的鉴别能力.     

正电子发射计算机体层摄影-CT诊断骨转移瘤的临床价值

目的 应用^18氟-脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG）正电子发射计算机体层摄影（PET）-CT全身显像，探讨PET、同机CT和PET—CT融合图像在骨转移瘤诊断中的价值。方法 共332例^18F-FDG PET—CT受检者中有35例发现骨异常病变。分别阅读和记录^18FDG PET图像、同机CT图像和PET-CT融合图像判断的良、恶性病变，比较3种方法在诊断骨转移瘤上的差异。结果 35例中共检出89个病灶，其中68个病灶最后确诊为恶性肿瘤骨转移，21个为良性病变。PET诊断骨转移病灶62个，诊断良性病变17个，诊断骨转移瘤的敏感性为91．2％（62／68个），特异性为81．0％（17／21个），准确性为88．8％（79／89个）；同机CT诊断骨转移病灶55个，良性病变16个。诊断骨转移瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为80．9％（55／68个），76．2％（16／21个）和79．8％（71／89个）；PET．CT融合图像诊断骨转移病灶64个，良性病变19个，诊断骨转移瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为94．1％（64／68个），90．5％（19／21个）和93．2％（83／89个）。结论 PET-CT融合图像在诊断骨转移瘤方面，可减少单用PET或单用CT诊断时的假阴性和假阳性，提高了鉴别骨良、恶性病变的能力。     

18F-FDG PET/CT和增强CT对胰腺病变定性诊断的价值比较

目的评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET／CT对胰腺良、恶性病变定性诊断的价值。方法对15例胰腺恶性病变，6例良性病变患者行全身^18F-FDGPET／CT和增强CT检查，根据PET、增强CT和PET／CT图像上的表现分别诊断，并将结果进行比较。结果PET和PET／CT准确诊断全部恶性病变，而增强CT准确诊断全部良性病变。PET和PET／CT在6例良性病变诊断中分别显示2例和1例假阳性，而增强CT在15例恶性病变中有2例假阴性，但在上述3种诊断方法中分别出现的假阳性或假阴性都得到了相互间的纠正。增强CT、PET和PET／CT三者在诊断胰腺恶性肿瘤上的准确性分别为90．5％，90．5％和95．2％。此外，PET／CT比增强CT检出了更多的肝脏、淋巴结和骨转移灶；两者检出病灶数量分别为35，41，9和16，24，3个。结论PET／CT在胰腺良、恶性病变定性诊断上有价值，PET／CT和增强CT联合应用有利于进一步提高对胰腺恶性肿瘤的诊断和分期准确性。     

18F-NaF的合成及其在肺癌骨转移中的临床应用

目的 合成并检测^18F-NaF；比较^99Tc^m-亚甲基二膦酸盐（MDP）全身骨显像与^18F-NaFPET／CT骨显像对诊断肺癌骨转移的价值。方法 用MINItrace回旋加速器通过核反应^18O（P，n）^18F-生产^18F-F^-1，用离子交换法合成^18F-NaF并进行质控检测。对10例已行^99Tc^m-MDP全身骨显像的肺癌患者行^18F-NaFPET／CT检查，对两者图像进行比较。结果 ^18F-NaF注射液符合要求^18F-NaFPET／CT骨显像探测到^99Tc^mMDP骨显像发现的所有病灶，并探测到后者未发现的8个病灶，使^99Tcm-MDP骨显像不确定诊断数减少。结论 ^18F-NaFPET／CT诊断肺癌骨转移准确性更高，可作为^99Tc^m-MDP骨显像的补充。     

^18F-FDG PET／CT诊断恶性肿瘤骨转移的应用价值

目的评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET／CT检测恶性肿瘤骨转移的应用价值。方法回顾性分析经^18F-FDG PET／CT诊断的689例恶性肿瘤患者的资料,按颈椎、胸椎、腰椎、骶尾椎、骨盆、肩胛骨和锁骨、长骨、胸骨、肋骨及颅骨将机体骨骼分为10个区域,记录每个区域的骨转移情况。根据同机CT进一步区分转移灶的病变性质（破骨性或成骨性）,比较同机CT、^18F-FDG PET及^18F-FDG PET／CT诊断骨转移的灵敏度、特异性及准确性。计算阳性病灶的最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）。患者不同性别间年龄差异采用χ^2检验,诊断率的比较采用MeNemar检验。结果共有91例患者442个区域被确定有骨转移,PET／CT诊断骨转移患者的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为94．5％（86／91）、97．8％（585／598）和97．4％（671／689）,高于同机CT的79．1％（72／91）,91．8％（549／598）和90．1％（621／689）（χ^2=20．049,148．890,168．792,P：0．000）;PET／CT诊断病灶骨转移的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为95．0％（420／442）,97．2％（455／468）和96．2％（875／919）,高于同机CT的81．0％（358／442）,90．4％（423／468）和85．8％（781／910）（χ^2=98．673,125．691,220．375,P=0．000）。同机CT共诊断出99个成骨性和197个破骨性病变。PET真阳性病灶SUVmax为6．7±3．0,假阳性病灶SUVmax为3．7±1．3（χ^2=463．120,P=0．000）;成骨性病变SUVmax为4．9±2．0,破骨性病变SUVmax为7．4±3．1（χ^2=327．175,P：0．000）。结论同机CT和^18F-FDG PET图像的结合提高了PET／CT诊断恶性肿瘤骨转移的能力;同机CT能精确定位病变,并可区分转移病灶的成骨或破骨性质。     

^18F-FDG PET／CT在胰腺癌诊断中的价值

目的评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET／CT鉴别诊断胰腺良恶性病变及检测淋巴结和（或）远处转移的价值。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院行^18F—FDGPET／CT检查的46例临床疑胰腺肿瘤患者的影像学检查资料和临床资料,其中胰腺癌患者26例,良性病变者20例,比较分析PET和CT的特征。结果当选择最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）=2．95为判断良恶性的界值时,对胰腺癌诊断的灵敏度是88．5％（23／26）,特异性是85．0％（17／20）。^18F—FDGPET／CT显像假阳性3例,假阴性3例。同时发现16例检查前未确定的肝、肺、骨及淋巴结转移患者。根据显像结果,11例患者治疗方案得以修正。结论根据现有资料分析,^18F—FDGPET／CT是鉴别诊断胰腺良恶性病变及检测胰腺癌患者淋巴结和（或）远处转移一种较好的方法。     

11C-胆碱与18F-FDG双时相PET显像在孤立性肺结节鉴别诊断中的应用

目的 比较^11C-胆碱、18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）和^18F-FDG双时相PET显像对鉴别肺部孤立性结节良恶性的价值。方法16例临床疑为肺肿瘤的患者进行^18F-FDGPET显像（注药后1h显像，2h后行延迟显像）、^11C-胆碱PET显像（3d内，于注药后10min进行）。图像判断以标准摄取值（SUV）作为半定量指标，异常放射性浓聚灶以SUV〉2．5为葡萄糖代谢增高，^18F-FDG延迟显像SUV上升≥10％为恶性病变（阳性），如下降或升高〈10％为良性病变（阴性）；^11C-胆碱异常摄取灶以SUV〉2．0为阳性。所有病例进行随访，以显像诊断是否符合病理检查结果作为判断标准。结果病理检查结果证实12例肺癌，3例结核，1例结节病。^11C-胆碱PET显像确诊了12例肿瘤中的ll例，而^18F-FDG PET显像确诊10例（10／12例），双时相^18F-FDG PET显像确诊11例。4例良性病变者，^11C-胆碱PET显像能较好鉴别；而^18F-FDG PET显像2例假阳性，结合延迟显像仅1例假阳性。结论 ^11C-胆碱和^18F-FDG PET显像均能较好地鉴别肺部良恶性肿瘤。但^11C-胆碱和双时相^18F-FDGPET显像优于常规^18F-FDGPET显像，三者联合能提高对肺部病变的诊断效率。     

18F-FDG PET/CT结合高分辨率CT对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值

目的探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET／CT结合高分辨率CT（HRCT）对孤立性肺结节（SPN）的鉴别诊断价值。方法25例经手术病理检查或治疗随访证实的SPN（共27个）患者，同期行^18F—FDGPET／CT显像和病灶部位HRCT检查。^18F—FDGPET／CT用目测法结合半定量法判断良恶性。HRCT则根据病灶形态学特征判断良恶性。所得^18F—FDGPET／CT结果和^18F—FDGPET／CT与HRCT相结合结果分别与病理检查结果对照比较。结果27个SPN中15个恶性，12个良性。PET／CT正确诊断14个恶性和9个良性SPN。3个良性SPNPET／CT显像为阳性，其中2个经PET／CT和HRCT联合诊断为良性。联合诊断灵敏度和单纯PET／CT相同（93．3％），但特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确性分别高于PET／CT（91．7％、93．3％、91．7％和93．7％对75．0％、82．4％、90．0％和85．2％）。结论^18F—FDGPET／CT结合HRCT是有效的无创性鉴别SPN良恶性的方法。     

正电子发射计算机体层摄影-CT对肺癌的临床应用研究

目的 探讨^18氟-脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG）正电子发射计算机体层摄影（PET）-CT对肺癌诊断、分期、治疗及疗效监测的临床应用价值。方法 80例肺癌患者，其中66例为术前诊断分期，14例为治疗后复查患者。均行^18F-FDG PET-CT检查，23例行胸部检查，57例行全身检查。所有病例均在PET-CT检查前后加做薄层螺旋CT扫描。最后诊断均经手术病理、纤维支气管镜或穿刺活检病理证实。分析不同病理类型肺癌的^18F-FDG摄取能力与病理诊断的符合率。按照美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）肺癌的TNM分期标准对病变分别行CT、PET-CT分期，并将组织病理结果作为参照标准。结果 （1）所有原发性肺癌均示异常放射性高摄取。不同组织学类型的肺癌对^18F-FDG的摄取能力差异较大，以腺鳞癌和低分化鳞癌的摄取能力最强。（2）66例术前诊断分期的患者中，与病理符合的肺癌N分期，PET-CT61例，CT48例。PET-CT对肺癌的N分期与CT相比差异有统计学意义（X^2=8．89，P〈0．01）。对肺癌N分期的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值，PET-CT分别为80．09％、97．14％、96．11％、84．70％；CT分别为56．48％、71．02％、63．21％、64．93％。CT发现了11例患者的17处转移，PET-CT发现了16例患者的39处转移。PET-CT与CT相比，改变了18例患者的治疗计划。（3）对14例治疗后复查的患者PET-CT能显示其在早期评价治疗疗效、区别手术瘢痕与复发提供了指导临床治疗等方面的信息。结论 ^18F-FDG PET-CT对肺癌的诊断、分期有较高的诊断效能，对治疗及预后监测具有积极的意义。     

18氟-胸腺嘧啶核苷正电子发射体层-CT显像在胸部肿瘤上的初步研究

目的：评价^18氟-胸腺嘧啶核苷（^18F-FLT）正电子发射体层（PET）-CT显像对胸部肿瘤定性诊断的价值。方法：对17例做了^18氟-脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG）PET-CT检查，但定性诊断困难的患者，在第2～3天进行了^18F-FLITPET-CT显像。分析病变在两种不同显像剂PET-CT上的表现，分别测量二者的最大标准摄取值（maxSUV）。结果：8例恶性病变（5例肺癌、1例纵隔淋巴瘤、1例胸椎恶性肿瘤、1例胸椎转移瘤），其中7例见FLT异常摄取，5例肺癌平均maxSUV为4．2（鳞癌2例、腺癌2例、肺泡癌1例）；9例良性病变（5例肺结核、1例肺炎、3例纵隔淋巴结结核）无或轻度摄取FLT，其中6例肺内良性病变平均maxSUV为1．6；9例良性病变中8例见FDG异常浓聚，其中6例肺内良性病灶平均maxSUV为3．9，3例纵隔淋巴结结核也见FDG明显摄取，平均maxSUV为11．0。11例肺内病灶FDG和FLT显像的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为100．0％（5／5）、16．7％（1／6）、54．5％（6／11）和80．0％（4／5）、66．7％（4／6）、72．7％（8／11）。结论：胸部肿瘤^18F-FLT显像的特异性较高，在^18F-FDG显像阳性，难以确定病变性质时，FLIT可以作为FDG的有益补充，二者联合显像有助于提高胸部肿瘤诊断的准确性。     

Assessment of malignant skeletal disease: initial experience with 18F-fluoride PET/CT and comparison between 18F-fluoride PET and 18F-fluoride PET/CT.

18F-fluoride PET/CT was performed on 44 oncologic patients to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy in assessing malignant osseous involvement and in differentiating malignant from benign bone lesions. METHODS: (18)F-fluoride PET and (18)F-fluoride PET/CT were interpreted separately. Lesions showing increased (18)F-fluoride uptake were categorized as malignant, benign, or inconclusive. The final diagnosis of lesions was based on histopathology, correlation with contemporaneous diagnostic CT or MRI, or clinical follow-up of at least 6 mo (mean, 10 +/- 3 mo). RESULTS: Increased (18)F-fluoride uptake was detected at 212 sites, including 111 malignant lesions, 89 benign lesions, and 12 lesions for which the final diagnosis could not be determined. In a lesion-based analysis, the sensitivity of PET alone in differentiating benign from malignant bone lesions was 72% when inconclusive lesions were considered false negative and 90% when inconclusive lesions were considered true positive. On PET/CT, 94 of 111 (85%) metastases presented as sites of increased uptake with corresponding lytic or sclerotic changes, and 16 of the 17 remaining metastases showed normal-appearing bone on CT, for an overall sensitivity of 99% for tumor detection. For only 1 metastasis was PET/CT misleading, suggesting the false diagnosis of a benign lesion. The specificity of PET/CT was significantly higher than that of PET alone (97% vs. 72%, P < 0.001). PET/CT identified benign abnormalities at the location exactly corresponding to the scintigraphic increased uptake for 85 of 89 (96%) benign lesions. In a patient-based analysis, the sensitivity of PET and PET/CT was 88% and 100%, respectively (P < 0.05) and the specificity was 56% and 88%, respectively (not statistically significant). Among the 12 patients referred for (18)F-fluoride assessment because of bone pain despite negative findings on (99m)Tc-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy, (18)F-fluoride PET/CT suggested malignant bone involvement in all 4 patients with proven skeletal metastases, a potential benign cause in 4 of 7 patients who had no evidence of metastatic disease, and a soft-tissue tumor mass invading a sacral foramen in 1 patient. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that (18)F-fluoride PET/CT is both sensitive and specific for the detection of lytic and sclerotic malignant lesions. It accurately differentiated malignant from benign bone lesions and possibly assisted in identifying a potential cause for bone pain in oncologic patients. For most lesions, the anatomic data provided by the low-dose CT of the PET/CT study obviates the performance of full-dose diagnostic CT for correlation purposes.     

18F-Fluoride PET/CT is highly effective for excluding bone metastases even in patients with equivocal bone scintigraphy

Purpose

Bone scintigraphy (BS) has been used extensively for many years for the diagnosis of bone metastases despite its low specificity and significant rate of equivocal lesions. ¹⁸F-Fluoride PET/CT has been proven to have a high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of malignant bone lesions, but its effectiveness in patients with inconclusive lesions on BS is not well documented. This study evaluated the ability of ¹⁸F-fluoride PET/CT to exclude bone metastases in patients with various malignant primary tumours and nonspecific findings on BS.

Methods

We prospectively studied 42 patients (34–88?years of age, 26 women) with different types of tumour. All patients had BS performed for staging or restaging purposes but with inconclusive findings. All patients underwent ¹⁸F-fluoride PET/CT. All abnormalities identified on BS images were visually compared with their appearance on the PET/CT images.

Results

All the 96 inconclusive lesions found on BS images of the 42 patients were identified on PET/CT images. ¹⁸F-Fluoride PET/CT correctly excluded bone metastases in 23 patients (68 lesions). Of 19 patients (28 lesions) classified by PET/CT as having metastases, 3 (5 lesions) were finally classified as free of bone metastases on follow-up. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of ¹⁸F-fluoride PET/CT were, respectively, 100?%, 88?%, 84?% and 100?% for the identification of patients with metastases (patient analysis) and 100?%, 82?% and 100?% for the identification of metastatic lesions (lesion analysis).

Conclusion

The factors that make BS inconclusive do not affect ¹⁸F-fluoride PET/CT which shows a high sensitivity and negative predictive value for excluding bone metastases even in patients with inconclusive conventional BS.     

The detection of bone metastases in patients with high-risk prostate cancer: 99mTc-MDP Planar bone scintigraphy, single- and multi-field-of-view SPECT, 18F-fluoride PET, and 18F-fluoride PET/CT.

The aim of this study was to compare the detection of bone metastases by 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) planar bone scintigraphy (BS), SPECT, 18F-Fluoride PET, and 18F-Fluoride PET/CT in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. METHODS: In a prospective study, BS and 18F-Fluoride PET/CT were performed on the same day in 44 patients with high-risk prostate cancer. In 20 of the latter patients planar BS was followed by single field-of-view (FOV) SPECT and in 24 patients by multi-FOV SPECT of the axial skeleton. Lesions were interpreted separately on each of the 4 modalities as normal, benign, equivocal, or malignant. RESULTS: In patient-based analysis, 23 patients had skeletal metastatic spread (52%) and 21 did not. Categorizing equivocal and malignant interpretation as suggestive for malignancy, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of planar BS were 70%, 57%, 64%, and 55%, respectively, of multi-FOV SPECT were 92%, 82%, 86%, and 90%, of (18)F-Fluoride PET were 100%, 62%, 74%, and 100%, and of 18F-Fluoride PET/CT were 100% for all parameters. Using the McNemar test, 18F-Fluoride PET/CT was statistically more sensitive and more specific than planar or SPECT BS (P < 0.05) and more specific than 18F-Fluoride PET (P < 0.001). SPECT was statistically more sensitive and more specific than planar BS (P < 0.05) but was less sensitive than 18F-Fluoride PET (P < 0.05). In lesion-based analysis, 156 lesions with increased uptake of 18F-Fluoride were assessed. Based on the corresponding appearance on CT, lesions were categorized by PET/CT as benign (n = 99), osteoblastic metastasis (n = 46), or equivocal when CT was normal (n = 11). Of the 156 18F-Fluoride lesions, 81 lesions (52%), including 34 metastases, were overlooked with normal appearance on planar BS. SPECT identified 62% of the lesions overlooked by planar BS. 18F-Fluoride PET/CT was more sensitive and more specific than BS (P < 0.001) and more specific than PET alone (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: 18F-Fluoride PET/CT is a highly sensitive and specific modality for detection of bone metastases in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. It is more specific than 18F-Fluoride PET alone and more sensitive and specific than planar and SPECT BS. Detection of bone metastases is improved by SPECT compared with planar BS and by 18F-Fluoride PET compared with SPECT. This added value of 18F-Fluoride PET/CT may beneficially impact the clinical management of patients with high-risk prostate cancer.     

18F-FDG PET显像在胰腺恶性病变鉴别诊断及转移灶探查中的应用价值

目的研究18F-FDGPET显像在胰腺恶性肿瘤诊断与鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法 40例临床疑为胰腺恶性病变的患者均行18F-FDGPET显像,对显像结果进行目测法及SUV值半定量分析,并结合CT,MRI等影像学检查进行综合诊断,最后诊断根据手术病理或经4个月以上随访证实。结果如果以SUV为2.5作为鉴别诊断胰腺病灶良恶性的阈值,24例证实为胰腺癌患者中18F-FDGPET显像正确诊断22例,16例胰腺良性病变患者18F-FDGPET检出13例,其灵敏度、特异度及准确性分别为91.7%（22/24）,81.3%（13/16）及87.5%（35/40）;而结合CT,MRI等其他检查结果进行综合诊断,其诊断灵敏度、特异度及准确性分别为91.7%（22/24）、87.5%（14/16）及90%（36/40）。恶性病变的SUV平均值为4.6±2.6,良性病变的SUV平均值为2.3±1.5,良恶性病变间SUV平均值差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。在转移灶的检出中,18F-FDGPET显像发现了全部38处转移灶,并发现6处CT,MRI未能发现的远处转移病灶,排除了1例CT认为是胰周转移性淋巴结肿大的病例。结论 18F-FDGPET对鉴别诊断胰腺良恶性肿瘤的灵敏度、特异性较高,尤其在远处转移灶的探查中有较高应用价值。     

Prospective comparison of <Superscript>68</Superscript>Ga-PSMA PET/CT, <Superscript>18</Superscript>F-sodium fluoride PET/CT and diffusion weighted-MRI at for the detection of bone metastases in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer

Purpose

To prospectively compare diagnostic accuracies for detection of bone metastases by ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT, ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT and diffusion-weighted MRI (DW₆₀₀-MRI) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR).

Methods

Sixty-eight PCa patients with BCR participated in this prospective study. The patients underwent ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT, a ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT and a DW₆₀₀-MRI (performed in accordance with European Society of Urogenital Radiology guidelines, with b values of 0 and 600 s/mm²). Bone lesions were categorized using a three-point scale (benign, malignant or equivocal for metastases) and a dichotomous scale (benign or metastatic) for each imaging modality by at least two experienced observers. A best valuable comparator was defined for each patient based on study-specific imaging, at least 12 months of clinical follow-up and any imaging prior to the study and during follow-up. Diagnostic performance was assessed using a sensitivity analysis where equivocal lesions were handled as non-metastatic and then as metastatic.

Results

Ten of the 68 patients were diagnosed with bone metastases. On a patient level, sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) by receiver operating characteristic analysis were, respectively, 0.80, 0.98–1.00 and 0.89–0.90 for ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT (n?=?68 patients); 0.90, 0.90–0.98 and 0.90–0.94 for ¹⁸NaF PET/CT (n?=?67 patients); and 0.25–0.38, 0.87–0.92 and 0.59–0.62 for DW₆₀₀-MRI (n?=?60 patients). The diagnostic performance of DW₆₀₀-MRI was significantly lower than that of ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT and ¹⁸NaF PET/CT for diagnosing bone metastases (p?<?0.01), and no significant difference in the AUC was seen between ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT and ¹⁸NaF PET/CT (p?=?0.65).

Conclusion

⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT and ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT showed comparable and high diagnostic accuracies for detecting bone metastases in PCa patients with BCR. Both methods performed significantly better than DW₆₀₀-MRI, which was inadequate for diagnosing bone metastases when conducted in accordance with European Society of Urogenital Radiology guidelines.

     

SPECT/CT同机融合显像对肿瘤患者骨转移灶的诊断价值

目的:评价SPECT/CT同机融合显像对单独SPECT难于确诊良恶性的骨病灶的鉴别诊断价值.方法:SPECT骨扫描难于确诊的对53例肿瘤患者的84个病灶行局部SPECT/CT同机融合断层显像.所有患者转移灶确诊以临床病理、MRI、CT、骨扫描复查或PET/CT检查为依据.结果:①SPECT显像无法确诊的84个病灶,经S...     

Comparison of [<Superscript>68</Superscript>Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT with [<Superscript>18</Superscript>F]NaF PET/CT in the evaluation of bone metastases in metastatic prostate cancer patients prior to radionuclide therapy

Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in the evaluation of bone metastases in metastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients scheduled for radionuclide therapy in comparison to [¹⁸F]sodium fluoride (¹⁸F-NaF) PET/CT.

Methods

Sixteen metastatic PC patients with known skeletal metastases, who underwent both ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT for assessment of metastatic burden prior to radionuclide therapy, were analysed retrospectively. The performance of both tracers was calculated on a lesion-based comparison. Intensity of tracer accumulation of pathologic bone lesions on ¹⁸F-NaF PET and ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET was measured with maximum standardized uptake values (SUV_max) and compared to background activity of normal bone. In addition, SUV_max values of PET-positive bone lesions were analysed with respect to morphologic characteristics on CT. Bone metastases were either confirmed by CT or follow-up PET scan.

Results

In contrast to 468 PET-positive lesions suggestive of bone metastases on ¹⁸F-NaF PET, only 351 of the lesions were also judged positive on ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET (75.0%). Intensity of tracer accumulation of pathologic skeletal lesions was significantly higher on ¹⁸F-NaF PET compared to ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET, showing a median SUV_max of 27.0 and 6.0, respectively (p?<?0.001). Background activity of normal bone was lower on ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET, with a median SUV_max of 1.0 in comparison to 2.7 on ¹⁸F-NaF PET; however, tumour to background ratio was significantly higher on ¹⁸F-NaF PET (9.8 versus 5.9 on ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET; p?=?0.042). Based on morphologic lesion characterisation on CT, ¹⁸F-NaF PET revealed median SUV_max values of 23.6 for osteosclerotic, 35.0 for osteolytic, and 19.0 for lesions not visible on CT, whereas on ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET median SUV_max values of 5.0 in osteosclerotic, 29.5 in osteolytic, and 7.5 in lesions not seen on CT were measured. Intensity of tracer accumulation between¹⁸F-NaF PET and ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET was significantly higher in osteosclerotic (p?<?0.001) and lesions not visible on CT (p?=?0.012).

Conclusion

In comparison to ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT detects a higher number of pathologic bone lesions in advanced stage PC patients scheduled for radionuclide therapy. Our data suggest that ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET should be combined with ¹⁸F-NaF PET in PC patients with skeletal metastases for restaging prior to initiation or modification of therapy.

     

High predictive value of F-18 FDG PET patterns of the spine for metastases or benign lesions with good agreement between readers

Two nuclear medicine physicians retrospectively evaluated fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) spine abnormalities in patients with cancer with the purpose of identifying straightforward criteria for benign versus malignant spine abnormalities. Four hundred seventy-five consecutive patients with colon, breast, and lung cancer were evaluated with FDG. Thirty-two patients (32) had spine abnormalities, 30 of 32 patients had adequate follow up for a final diagnosis, and 29 of 30 patients' studies were available to both PET readers for this retrospective review. The readers categorized the FDG PET abnormalities as benign, metastatic, or equivocal using a straightforward set of criteria. A final diagnosis was made using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), plain films, bone scans, previous studies, and clinical follow up. A single spinal focus of increased FDG activity had a relatively high probability of being a spinal metastasis (71%); and the more foci, the higher the probability. Segmental decreased activity of the spine after radiation therapy indicated benignity. The only discrepancies were with 3 abnormalities, each called metastasis by 1 reader and equivocal by the other, with a final diagnosis of metastasis in each case. Equivocal patterns required CT or MR correlation, because these could be either malignant or benign. However, abnormal patterns fulfilling either the benign or metastatic criteria described here resulted in the correct diagnoses of benign spinal changes or spinal metastases, respectively, in 100% of cases with low interobserver variation. No study was interpreted as benign by 1 reader and metastasis by the other. The 2 nuclear medicine readers agreed in their interpretations in 90% of cases.