山西太原129例重度非综合征型感音神经性耳聋基因的筛查

目的应用耳聋基因芯片对重度极重度非综合征型感音神经性耳聋患者进行筛查。方法采集本地区聋哑学校和门诊散发的重度极重度非综合征型感音神经性耳聋患者129人的外周血并提取DNA,应用耳聋基因芯片检测GJB2,GJB3,SLC26A4,线粒体DNA(mitochondrial,mtDNA)12SrRNA热点突变位点。结果该耳聋人群中与筛查位点有关的耳聋比例占41.09%,共检出GJB2基因突变26例(20.16%);mtDNA突变8例(6.2%);SLC26A4基因突变21例(16.28%);未检出GJB3基因突变。结论本组耳聋人群中与筛查位点有关的耳聋比例高达41.09%,GJB2突变是该人群遗传性聋的最常见病因,SLC26A4突变为第二常见病因。     

聋病分子遗传学快速诊断技术在临床上的应用

目的:探索耳聋基因芯片快速诊断技术在聋病分子遗传学诊断中应用的可行性.方法:对110例重度感音神经性聋患者及其亲属,采外周静脉血样并采用"遗传性聋基因芯片检测系统"对4个热点突变基因共9个热点突变位点进行检测.结果:110例受检者中总阳性检出率为50.9%;54例聋病患者中有32例被检出携带致聋基因,检出率为59.3%;样本抽样测序验证符合率为100%.结论:①该"遗传性聋基因芯片检测系统"阳性检出率较高,具有快速、高通量、灵敏、特异性强等特点,适用于临床筛查和辅助诊断,是遗传性聋病因学检测的有效方法;②分子遗传学诊断对聋病的防治意义深远.     

大连地区108例非综合征性耳聋者及亲属耳聋基因测序结果分析

目的了解大连地区非综合征性耳聋者及直系亲属耳聋基因突变情况。方法收集大连地区非综合征型耳聋患者及部分直系亲属共108例(患者98例,亲属10人),行纯音测听、声导抗测听及脑干诱发电位等听功能检查,采集末梢血用Ion torrent半导体测序方法,检测GJB2、GJB3、GJB6和SLC26A4基因的全外显子和线粒体12S rRNA基因的2个突变位点。结果病理性基因突变在108例受检者中检出率为41.7%(45/108),98例患者中检出率为38.8%(38/98),涉及3个基因23个突变位点,发现1例非常罕见的SLC26A4 IVS15-2A>T剪接位点杂合突变。38例患者中34例(89.5%,34/38)为单基因突变,其中13例为复合杂合突变、6例为纯合突变;另外4例(10.5%,4/38)有两个基因同时发生突变。38例患者的42例次基因突变中,27例次(64.3%,27/42)为GJB2基因突变,12例次(28.6%,12/42)为SLC26A4基因突变,3例次(7.1%,3/42)为GJB3基因突变,没有检测到GJB6、12S rRNA基因突变;听力筛查不通过、经ABR测试为中重度感音神经性耳聋患儿33例,15例(45.5%,15/33)检测到病理性基因突变;成人散发性双耳感音神经性耳聋患者62例,病理性基因突变检出20例(32.3%,20/62)。结论大连地区98例非综合征性耳聋者,超过1/3检测到病理性耳聋基因突变,并以GJB2基因突变最常见。听力筛查通过的高危儿童及原因不明的双侧感音神经性耳聋者,实施热点致聋基因测序可以提高耳聋的病因诊断率。     

86例非综合征型耳聋患者耳聋基因芯片检测结果分析

目的探讨遗传性耳聋基因芯片用于非综合征型耳聋患者检测的临床意义。方法采用遗传性聋基因芯片试剂盒对86例非综合征型耳聋患者基因组DNA的GJB2、SLC26A4、GJB3和mtDNA12s rRNA四个耳聋相关基因的9个致聋突变位点进行检测;对所有患者进行颞骨高分辨率CT（HRCT）、头颅MRI、内听道扫描,耳蜗水成像。结果在86例非综合征型耳聋患者中携带所检测热点耳聋相关基因突变者占51.16%;其中GJB2基因突变携带者24例(27.91%,24/86),GJB3基因突变携带者2例,SLC26A4基因突变携带者19例,颞骨CT均显示前庭水管扩大,而且均伴有耳蜗发育畸形,表现为蜗顶发育不全;mtDNA12s rRNA基因突变0例,考虑与样本量少有关。结论遗传性聋基因芯片试剂盒可以考虑作为新疆地区耳聋患者的快速诊断方法,但基因测序法应作为必要补充。大前庭水管综合征患者的SLC26A4基因检测结果与其颞骨影像学检查结果吻合。     

不同年龄的重度耳聋患者常见耳聋基因突变的阳性率分析

目的 分析中国常见耳聋基因突变在不同发病或就诊年龄组重度耳聋人群中的阳性检出率,为更有效地应用临床耳聋基因诊断提供依据.方法 839名经听力学检查确诊为双耳重度以上感音神经性耳聋的先证者,接受了一项或多项常见耳聋基因检测,包括GJB2编码区测序、SLC26A4编码区测序、线粒体DNA C1494T及A1555G突变基因芯片检测.将839例受检者按发病年龄和就诊年龄各分为四组(0～10岁,11～30岁,31～50岁,50岁～).分别对每组受检者的常见耳聋基因突变阳性检出率进行统计分析.结果 GJB2和SLC26A4基因均在发病年龄为0～10岁组中的阳性检出率最高(分别为22.10%和34.32%)(P=0.003,P=0.000).CJB2和SLC26A4基因突变均在就诊年龄为0～10岁组中的阳性检出率最高(分别为24.69%和34.52%)(P=0.000,P=0.000).线粒体DNA1555/1494位点突变则分别在发病年龄为0～10岁组中和就诊年龄为11～30岁组中阳性检出率最高(分别为2.45%和2.36%),但无显著性差异(P=O.357).结论 双耳重度感音神经性耳聋患者常见耳聋基因突变检出率高:发病年龄及就诊年龄为10岁以下的双耳重度感音神经性聋患儿应常规进行耳聋基因诊断.     

52例听力损失儿童及其父母耳聋基因芯片筛查结果分析

目的：对非综合征性先天性重度及以上感音神经性听力损失儿童及其父母进行耳聋相关基因检测,探讨耳聋基因芯片筛查在临床中应用的有效性和可行性。方法选择来自医院听力检测中心的47个听障儿童家庭,包括52例非综合征性先天性感音神经性听力损失患儿及其父母,应用遗传学耳聋基因芯片对47个家庭进行GJB2、GJB3、SLC26A4、线粒体12S rRNA4个常见耳聋基因9个检测位点的基因检测。结果146例受检者中,17个家庭的43例筛查结果阳性,其中16例听力损失患儿筛查阳性,筛查阳性率为30.8%。GJB2基因235delC位点纯合突变8例,GJB2基因235delC位点杂合突变20例,GJB2基因235delC位点和SLC26A4基因IVS7-2A〉G位点杂合突变1例,SLC26A4基因IVS7-2A〉G位点纯合突变2例,SLC26A4基因IVS7-2A〉G位点杂合突变10例,SLC26A4基因2168A〉G位点杂合突变2例。结论应用耳聋基因芯片检测技术能快速、高效地检测非综合征性耳聋患者的遗传性致病基因,适用于大规模群体耳聋基因的筛查,有助于临床医生从病因学角度辅助耳聋诊断,引入正确的康复干预措施,并为具有聋病易感基因的听力损失儿童家庭提供针对性的遗传咨询指导。     

南京地区耳聋患者常见耳聋基因突变的分析

目的 通过对南京地区重度-极重度感音神经性聋患者进行常见耳聋基因检测,分析该类患者常见致聋基因和各位点发生频率,阐明该地区耳聋的遗传病因学。 方法 首先对患者进行病史采集、体格检查、高分辨颞骨CT以及临床听力学检查,然后采集128例患者的外周静脉血2~4 mL,对其标本进行4种常见基因21个突变位点的检测。 结果 128例患者中,39例(30.47%,39/128)检测到基因突变,其中携带双基因杂合突变1例、携带基因纯合突变14例。30例(23.44%,30/128)患者携带GJB2基因突变,其中 18例(14.06%,18/128)为纯合或复合杂合突变。235delC位点突变检出率为20.31%(26/128),299_300delAT位点突变检出率为4.69%(6/128),176_191del位点突变检出率为3.91%(5/128)。10例(7.81%,10/128)患儿携带SLC26A4基因突变,其中携带纯合和复合杂合突变4 例(3.13%,4/128)。IVS7-2 A>G突变检出率为7.03%。患者未检出线粒体12SrRNA基因和GJB3基因突变。患者中高分辨颞骨CT提示前庭导水管扩大者11例,其中检测出SLC26A4基因纯合或杂合突变10例,二者的吻合率为90.91%(10/11)。 结论 南京地区重度-极重度感音神经性聋患者中,GJB2基因为最主要的致聋基因,其最常见的突变位点是235delC,其次为SLC26A4基因,最常见的突变位点是IVS7-2 A>G。研究发现SLC26A4基因突变在大前庭水管综合征患者中检出率极高,筛查SLC26A4基因热点突变有助于大前庭水管综合征的诊断,但仍需结合高分辨颞骨CT检查,避免患者漏诊。     

非综合征型聋患者耳聋相关基因检测结果分析

目的 探讨遗传性耳聋基因芯片用于非综合征型聋患者检测的临床意义.方法 采用遗传性聋基因芯片试剂盒对177例非综合征型耳聋患者基因组DNA的GJB2、SLC26A4、GJB3和mtDNA12s rRNA四个耳聋相关基因的9个致聋突变位点进行榆测;对部分携带SLC26A4基因突变的患者进行颞骨CT扫描;选取26位听力正常且...     

河南地区不明原因感音神经性聋95例SLC26A4基因热点突变筛查

目的:调查河南地区不明原因感音神经性聋病因学情况,探明本地区大前庭水管综合征(large ves-tibular aqueduct syndrome,LVAS)基因SLC26A4 2168A>G的突变率。方法:收集河南地区聋校、聋儿康复中心及2005年2月~2006年5月至郑州大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉科门诊的感音神经性聋患者95例,进行耳聋病因问卷调查、听力学测试,抽取患者血样提取基因组DNA,运用直接测序法对突变热点2168A>G进行筛查。对突变阳性者行颞骨CT检查。结果:热点突变基因检测显示,2168A>G在不明原因感音神经性耳聋患者的突变率为6.32%,对所有检测到突变的患者行颞骨CT检查,其前庭导水管扩大率为83.3%。结论:河南地区不明原因感音神经性耳聋患者中存在较高的2168A>G遗传性耳聋发生率;通过聋病分子诊断,可达到防聋、指导聋儿康复及评估耳聋预后等积极效果。     

新疆维吾尔族及汉族常见耳聋基因热点突变调查结果分析比较

目的探讨新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族常见耳聋基因流行病学的差异。方法本文针对新疆地区2731例非综合征型重度、极重度感音神经性耳聋患者,应用晶芯耳聋基因试剂盒,对GJB2、SLC26A4、线粒体12Sr RNA、GJB3常见耳聋基因的10个突变位点(GJB2c.235del C、c.35del G、c.176del16bp、c.299_300del AT,SLC26A4 IVS7-2、c.2168A>G,GJB3 c.538C>T、c.547G>A,mitochondrial 12Sr RNA m.1555A>G、m.1494C>T)进行常见已知耳聋基因的抽样调查;结果 2731例新疆地区非综合征型重度、极重度感音神经性耳聋患者中,GJB2基因突变率7.84(214/2731),汉族10.56%(131/1241)、维吾尔族5.57%(83/1490),普遍低于全国其他研究报道,GJB2 c.235del C是汉族和维吾尔族突变热点;检出携带有SLC26A4基因突变的有132例,SLC26A4汉族、维吾尔族耳聋人群检出率分别9.51%(118/1241)、0.94%(14/1490);检出携带有12Sr RNA基因突变的有149例,汉族120例,维吾尔族29例,占各自耳聋人群检出率的9.67%(120/1241)、1.95%(29/1490)。结论 GJB2基因、SLC26A4、线粒体基因12Sr RNA为新疆非综合征型耳聋常见致病基因,GJB2c.235del C是汉族和维吾尔族突变热点,携带杂合突变的耳聋患者可能有其他基因突变致聋的可能。     

散发感音神经性聋患者中GJB2基因突变检测的临床意义

目的探讨散发感音神经性聋患者中GJB2基因突变检测的临床指导意义.方法运用聚合酶链反应对解放军总医院听力诊断中心收集的242例散发感音神经性聋患者(135例语前聋患者,107例语后聋患者)的GJB2基因编码区进行扩增,扩增产物纯化后直接测序分析.结果 135例语前聋患者中GJB2基因致病突变的复合杂合和纯合个体有26例,占语前聋个体的19.26%;107例语后聋患者中未发现复合杂合和纯合致病突变,仅发现3例235delC杂合突变携带者、1例176del16杂合突变携带者.结论语前聋者GJB2基因致病突变阳性率明显高于语后聋患者,语前聋患者常规进行GJB2基因检测可从基因水平明确诊断,并为耳聋患者提供重要遗传信息.     

梅毒性感音神经性聋的临床分析

目的:探讨梅毒性感音神经性聋的临床表现、诊断和治疗.方法:回顾性分析3例梅毒性感音神经性聋患者的临床症状、体征、血清学及治疗.结果:3例梅毒性感音神经性聋患者中,2例RPR和TPPA均阳性;1例RPR阴性,TPPA阳性;2例在外院已确诊为梅毒并行驱梅治疗;2例为突发性聋起病,伴有耳鸣,1例为耳鸣起病伴高频听力下降.均已排除了其他原因所致的:千聋耳鸣,治疗后听力无改善.结论:梅毒性感音神经性聋可以突发性聋或耳鸣发病,易漏诊.对病因不明的听方下降,伴有耳鸣、眼球震颤的患者,应行必要的实验室检查以明确诊断.     

应用耳聋基因芯片探讨聋哑夫妇的生育风险

目的 通过耳聋基因芯片诊断技术,探讨耳聋易感基因筛选在聋哑人家庭优生优育中的意义.方法 52对聋人夫妻来自长春市某聋哑社区,平均((x)±s)年龄(58.3±6.7)岁.在受检者知情同意情况下采集外周静脉血3 ml,分离基因组DNA,利用遗传性耳聋基因检测芯片对GJB2、SLC26A4、GJB3和线粒体DNA等常见耳聋基因中的9个突变位点进行检测.通过直接测序法验证基因芯片结果.以50名年龄相仿的健康人为对照.结果 所有聋人夫妻纯音测听检查均为双耳非综合征型感音神经性聋.104例患者中,有32例出现GJB2基因突变,占耳聋总人数的30.7%(32/104),包括35delG、176del16、235delC、299delAT;其中18例存在235delC突变,占所有GJB2等位基因突变的59.1%(18/32).SLC26A4基因纯合突变4例,杂合突变3例,均为IVS7-2 A>G突变.问卷调查和基因检测分析发现,52对聋人夫妻,有4个家庭后代出现耳聋成员,占聋人家庭总数的7.6%(4/52).夫妻双方均携带相同基因突变,其子女均发生耳聋,耳聋发生风险为100%.基因芯片的结果与测序方法的结果完全一致.结论 聋哑家庭再生育聋人的风险较高,通过基因芯片技术进行耳聋易感基因检测,可避免明确病因的耳聋家庭出现新的耳聋病例.

Abstract：

Objective To explored the significance of screening the gene mutations of deafness related in deaf-mute ( deaf & dumb) family using DNA microarray. Methods Total of 52 couples of deafmute were recruited from Changchun deaf-mute community. With an averageage of (58. 3 ±6. 7) years old ((x) ± s) . Blood samples were obtained with informed consent. Their genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and PCR was performed. Nine of hot spot mutations in four most common deafness pathologic gene were examined with the DNA microarray, including GJB2, GJB3,PDS and mtDNA 12SrRNA genes. At the same time, the results were verified with the traditional methods of sequencing. Fifty of normal people served as a control group. Results All patients were diagnosed non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss by subjective pure tone audiometry. Thirty-two of 104 cases appeared GJB2 gene mutation (30. 7% ) , the mutation sites included 35delG,176del16,235delC and 299delAT. Eighteen of 32 cases of GJB2 mutations were 235delC ( 59. 1% ) . Seven of 104 cases appeared SLC26A4 gene IVS7-2 A > G mutation. Questionnaire survey and gene diagnosis revealed that four of 52 families have deaf offspring (7. 6% ). When a couple carries the same gene mutation, the risk of their children deafness was 100%.The results were confirmed with the traditional methods of sequencing. Conclusions There is a high risk of deafness if a deaf-mute family is planning to have a new baby. It is very important and helpful to avoid deaf newborns again in deaf-mute family by DNA microarray.     

国人conneXin 2 6基因突变与先天性感音神经性耳聋的相关性研究

目的探讨国人耳聋人群中connexm26基因的突变频率和位点.方法收集15例有遗传性耳聋家族史的病例和252例散发性先天性耳聋病例血液样本,使用PCR-SSCP方法分析connexin26基因编码区突变.同时采用PSDM和BsBsiYI酶切的方法,直接检测异常connexin26基因35delG的突变.结果检出突变样本46例,其中散发耳聋患者中38例,突变率为15.1%;有家族史的聋儿15例中8例,突变率为53.3%.46例中5份有相似的异常电泳带,PCR产物直接测序,其形式为79位G→A的突变;另外在散发耳聋患者中还发现2例251delT和233delC,PDSM分析未发现有35delG的突变.结论国人先天性耳聋患者中存在着connexin26基因的高突变率,但突变热点与国外报道的不同,推测connexin26基因突变有明显的种族特异性.     

Causes of deafness in British Bangladeshi children: a prevalence twice that of the UK population cannot be accounted for by consanguinity alone

Objective: To study the causes and prevalence of sensorineural deafness in Bangladeshi children resident in East London. Methods: This was a cross sectional survey of children of Bangladeshi origin living in East London with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of 40 db HL or more. In this study, 134 patients were included. The study looked primarily at the causes of sensorineural hearing loss in this population. Results: The prevalence of deafness in Bangladeshi children in East London is approximately 3.86 per 1000 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 3.20, 4.65] which is significantly greater than the average UK prevalence of 1.65 per 1000. The prevalence of deafness in these Bangladeshi children belonging to non‐consanguineous families only, the prevalence falls to 2.73 per 1000 (95% CI 2.19, 3.41). In 60% cases the cause of deafness was genetic. The single most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in this population was mutations in the GJB2 gene (Connexin 26) in 20 of these patients (17%). Parents were consanguineous in 33% of the families. Conclusion: This study concludes that prevalence of sensorineural deafness in Bangladeshi children is at least 2.3 times the national average. This study also concludes that genetic causes are the common cause of deafness in this ethnic group, with nearly 30% of children with non‐syndromic deafness having mutations in GJB2. Although parental consanguinity was very high in this population it did not account for the whole increase in prevalence.     

中国人非综合征型学语前聋患者Taperin基因突变筛查研究

目的：应用耳聋基因芯片联合DNA测序法对134例非综合征型聋患者进行静纤毛表达的Taperin基因的突变检测,分析该基因在中国人遗传性聋患者中的突变率及类型特点。方法：采集134例非综合征型聋患者和100例听力正常者的外周血,提取基因组DNA。用遗传性耳聋基因芯片排除常见的4个致聋基因突变患者,对未携带或仅带有单个杂合GJB2或SLC26A4突变的患者应用PCR—DNA测序法对Taperin基因序列进行测定,分析有无突变。结果：在134例非综合征型聋患者组中,基因芯片方法排除出19个患者携带常见致聋基因突变;剩下115例患者应用DNA测序法对Taperin基因进一步检测,结果在2例患者中发现A187S杂合突变。经同源性分析,A187S发生在保守的氨基酸残基。在家族成员中也检出携带了上述突变的杂合子。此外,在患者和对照组中发现2种多态157C〉T和318C〉T。结论：在中国人非综合征聋患者中发现Taperin基因1种新突变A187S,可能与耳聋有关。还在中国人中发现Tapetin基因的2种多态157C〉T和318C〉T。在中国人非综合征型耳聋患者中Taperin基因的突变携带率约为1．74％。     

Validity of the Western blot immunoassay for heat shock protein-70 in associated and isolated immunorelated inner ear disease

OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of the Western blot immunoassay for heat shock protein-70 (hsp-70) for diagnosis of autoimmune inner ear disease. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study of 53 patients affected by sudden deafness (n = 19), idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss (n = 24), and Meniere's disease (n = 10) who were treated from 1995 to 1999. The clinical course and response to corticosteroid were evaluated. METHODS: A purified hsp-70 antigen from bovine kidney cell line was used for the Western blot immunoassay. RESULTS: Only five patients (9.4%) showed anti--hsp-70 antibodies: Two presented a sudden sensorineural hearing loss (sudden deafness group), two showed an idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss (idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss group), and one was affected by fluctuating hearing loss (Meniere's disease group). A systemic autoimmune condition was observed in 29.1% of patients with idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: The low sensitivity of Western blot immunoassay for patients affected by idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss and Meniere's disease may result from either the long time elapsed from the hearing loss and vertigo to the initial examination or from the increased percentage of cases of systemic autoimmune disease present in patients with idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss. More studies to detect the immune-mediated inner ear disease in Western blot immunoassay-negative patients are required.     

Mutation analysis of COL9A3, a gene highly expressed in the cochlea, in hearing loss patients

cDNA microarray analysis indicated that COL9A3 is one of the highly expressed genes in the cochlea. This suggests that collagen type IX has a crucial functional role in the inner ear and may be a candidate gene for hearing loss. Mutation analysis was carried out to find possible disease-causing mutations in this gene. The direct-sequencing method was applied to the COL9A3 gene in 159 non-syndromic sensorineural deafness patients and 150 normal controls. Two possible disease-causing mutations were identified: an in-frame deletion of three amino acid residues (G181-P183 del) and a missense mutation (D617E). The patients with the mutations showed a moderate progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment in all frequencies. The present data indicate that mutations of COL9A3 may cause non-syndromic hearing impairment.     

Alport综合征的临床及听力学表现

目的 分析Alport综合征的临床及听力学特点。方法 回顾性分析经我院确诊为Alport综合征的9例患者临床资料，包括耳科、肾脏和眼科情况。结果 听力学表现全部为双耳对称性感音神经性聋，高频下降型67％（6／9），谷型22％（2／9），平坦型11％（1／9）；肾脏主要表现为血尿、蛋白尿、慢性肾功能不全；眼科病变主要为前锥形晶体，黄斑周围视网膜斑点。5例患者肾活检电镜表现典型。5例患者家族史阳性。结论 Alport综合征的听力学表现为双耳感音神经性聋，因此遇到双耳感音神经性聋患者应注意肾脏情况、眼科情况和家族史，以利于本病的诊断。