强筋壮骨丸对去卵巢大鼠骨转换指标和骨密度的影响

目的:观察强筋壮骨丸对去卵巢大鼠骨转换指标和骨密度的影响。方法:取12周龄SD雌性大鼠40只,随机分为A、B、C、D 4组,每组10只,A组行假手术,其余3组行双侧卵巢摘除术,术后饲养12周后,再治疗12周,测定血清中BGP、CT、AKP、Ca和P的含量;以双能X线骨密度测定仪测定骨密度。结果:强筋壮骨丸组血清中BGP、CT水平及骨密度明显高于模型组。结论:强筋壮骨丸能提高血清激素BGP、CT水平,增加骨密度,抑制骨吸收,促进骨形成,具有治疗骨质疏松症的作用。     

Preventive and therapeutic effects of acupuncture on bone mass in osteopenic ovariectomized rats

This study was designed to (1) test the preventive and therapeutic effects of acupuncture on osteopenia in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and (2) assess whether treatment of different acupuncture points causes different effects on tibiae, femora or lumbar spines. Thirty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham (sham-operated, non-acupuncture); Model (OVX, non-acupuncture); Acp-A [OVX, bilateral needling of points Tsu-San-Li (ST-36) and San-Yin- Chiao (SP-6)]; and Acp-B (OVX, bilateral needling of P'i-Shu (Bl-20) and Shen Shu (Bl-23)). Operations were performed at 8 weeks of age, 1 week later the study was started and continued for 16 weeks. Ovariectomy resulted in decreased bone mineral density (BMD) compared to the sham group over time, and Acp-A tended to have higher BMD than the other OVX groups, especially for tibiae. In addition, the bone ash weight of the Acp groups tended to be heavier than the model group. Deoxypyridinoline, the urinary marker of bone resorption, also appeared to be decreased in both acupuncture groups. Similarly, microarchitecture and bone morphometry of lumbar vertebrae and tibiae, such as bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, mineralizing surface, bone formation rate, mineral apposition rate, number of nodes and number of node-terminus struts, also showed the same improvement in the acupuncture groups as compared to the model control group. Our findings showed that acupuncture may prevent the development of osteopenia in rats induced by ovariectomy. Needling of Tsu-San-Li (ST-36) and San-Yin- Chiao (SP-6) seems more effective than needling of P'i-Shu (Bl-20) and Shen Shu (Bl-23) in bone anabolic regulation.     

Beta-blocker and other analogous treatments that affect bone mass and sympathetic nerve activity in ovariectomized rats

We investigated whether treatments with beta-blockers or other administrations that have similar actions to beta-blockers, such as Chinese herbs or needling, were effective in treating osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy (OVX). Female Wister rats were divided into five groups: a sham-operated control group treated with vehicle (Sham, n = 8), an ovariectomized (OVX) group treated with vehicle (Model, n = 8), an OVX group administered with propranolol (Pro, n = 10), an OVX group administered an ethanol extract of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis (Fcs, n = 9), and an OVX punctured at Sanyinjiao (SP-6) and Neiguan (PC-6) (Needling, n = 8). The treatment started when rats were 12 weeks old and continued for 24 weeks. Serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) levels were upregulated in rats in response to OVX, together with a significantly decreased BMD and trabecular bone area. The Pro, Fcs and Needling treatment improved the decreased BMD and the trabecular area, increased the trabecular number, lowered the trabecular separation to some extent as well as significantly depressed the urinary Dpd levels (p < 0.05). The bone formation markers, such as the mineralizing surface, mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate were not significantly changed, along with a slightly higher trend of osteocalcin levels when compared with the Model rats. The slower heart rate and lower plasma NE levels in these therapeutic groups were also found. Our results suggested that propranolol, Fcs and needling on Sanyinjiao (SP-6) and Neiguan (PC-6) may improve the bone mass of OVX rats, and it provides an alternative and potential therapy for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

骨碎补治疗去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的实验研究

目的：观察骨碎补对去卵巢后骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、微结构和生物力学性能的影响,研究骨碎补对治疗骨质疏松的作用。方法：30只6月龄SD大鼠随机分为3组：去卵巢组（OVX）、假手术组（SHAM）和骨碎补治疗组（OVX＋D）。骨碎补治疗3个月后,检测各组大鼠的骨密度、微结构、生物力学性能的变化,并比较各组间差异。结果：OVX＋D组的的骨密度、微结构、生物力学指标与OVX组比较差异有统计学意义,与SHAM组比较差异无统计学意义。结论：骨碎补可以增加去卵巢后骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度,改善微结构,提高生物力学性能,对实验动物的骨质疏松有治疗作用。     

正骨通痹丸对双侧去卵巢致骨质疏松大鼠骨力学的影响

目的：观察正骨通痹丸对双侧去卵巢所致骨质疏松大鼠骨力学的影响，以明确其疗效。方法：使用十周龄Wistar大鼠，采用双侧去卵巢手术的方法建立去卵巢骨质疏松动物模型，连续灌胃给药治疗11周后处死，分离股骨，进行骨密度、骨矿含量及骨力学等方面的检查；同时进行血钙及血磷含量的测定。结果：与假手术组相比，去卵巢组大鼠股骨的骨密度、骨矿含量、抗弯强度、最大弯曲力及断裂挠度均显著下降。与去卵巢组相比，正骨通痹丸各剂量组（1．35、2．7、5．4g／kg）骨密度、骨矿含量显著增加；正骨通痹丸5．4g／kg剂量组骨钙、骨磷、最大弯曲力、抗弯强度及断裂挠度均显著增加。结论：正骨通痹丸可显著升高去卵巢所致骨质疏松大鼠骨密度，并有效改善其生物力学性能，增强其抗骨折能力。     

Evaluation of a soybean product fujiflavone P40 as an antiosteoporotic agent in rats

The preventive effects of Fujiflavone P40 (a soybean isoflavone product) against both bone loss and periodontal alteration were evaluated using an ovariectomized rat model. Rats were divided into five groups: sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX given Fujiflavone P40, OVX given 17beta-oestradiol, and OVX given the vehicle for 17beta-oestradiol, respectively. Fujiflavone P40 contains 46.6% isoflavones which consist of 24.1% daidzin, 16.5% glycitin and 5.9% genistin. Administration of Fujiflavone P40 to OVX rats suppressed the body weight gain until 5 weeks. Fujiflavone P40 also decreased total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterols and triglyceride level of OVX rats, significantly. After 7 weeks, Fujiflavone P40 did not recover the coarsened fibre of the periodontal ligament. The ovariectomy decreased the uterine weight by 78%. The administration of 17beta -oestradiol recovered the weight loss by 99%, while Fujiflavone P40 restored it by 33%. The ovariectomy decreased the tibial bone mineral density (BMD) by 22%. The administration of 17beta-oestradiol to OVX rats recovered the tibial BMD decrease by 100%, while Fujiflavone P40 recovered it by 78%. The results suggest that Fujiflavone P40 may be useful as a preventive agent for osteoporosis.     

中西药物干预对骨质疏松大鼠骨密度和生物力学性能影响的实验研究

目的：探讨中西药物干预对骨质疏松大鼠骨密度和生物力学性能的影响。方法：60只3月龄Wistar雌性未孕大鼠随机分为正常对照组（SHAM）、去卵巢手术组（OVX）、鲑鱼降钙素干预组（C）、替勃龙片干预组（T）、替勃龙片和鲑鱼降钙素联用干预组（CT）及仙灵骨葆胶囊干预组（XL）,每组10只。正常对照组不摘除卵巢,其余5组均摘除双侧卵巢。术后3个月,测定SHAM组、OVX组大鼠的骨密度。OVX、SHAM组不予任何药物干预,其余4组给予相应的药物干预。药物连续干预3个月后,全麻下处死动物,取第5腰椎和右侧股骨,进行骨密度扫描和生物力学性能的检测。结果：OVX组大鼠的腰椎和股骨骨密度显著低于SHAM组（P〈0.05）,提示骨质疏松模型成功建立。药物干预3个月后,与OVX组相比,除了C组大鼠第5腰椎和右侧股骨的骨密度无明显变化外（P〉0.05）,其余各干预组均有提高（P〈0.05）;各干预组大鼠第5腰椎最大抗压载荷和右侧股骨中段最大载荷均高于OVX组（P〈0.05）;CT组大鼠的第5腰椎骨密度和最大抗压载荷高于C组、T组和XL组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：替勃龙片、鲑鱼降钙素以及仙灵骨葆胶囊对骨质疏松症均有一定程度的治疗作用,且鲑鱼降钙素和替勃龙片联用的效果更好。     

益妇宁软胶囊对去势大鼠骨组织雌激素受体表达的影响

目的:研究不同剂量的益妇宁软胶囊(YFN)对去势大鼠骨组织中雌激素受体(ER)表达的影响,探讨该方对绝经后骨质疏松症(PMO)的治疗机制.方法:采用3月龄SD雌性大鼠60只,50只行双侧卵巢切除术,随机分为YFN大剂量组(相当于原生药0.8 g/kg)、YFN中剂量组(相当于原生药0.4 g/kg)、YFN小剂量组(相当于原生药0.2 g/kg)和阳性药对照组(己烯雌酚0.1 mg/kg)、模型对照组,每组10只;另10只为假手术组.术后4周开始给药,给药12周后收集标本.采用放免法测定血清雌二醇水平,Western blotting免疫印迹法检测胫骨组织中ER表达情况.结论:YFN能明显提高去势大鼠体内雌激素水平及骨组织雌激素受体的表达量,通过这两条途径起到治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的作用.     

强骨生血口服液对去卵巢致骨质疏松大鼠的治疗作用及其机制

目的探讨强骨生血口服液对雌性去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的治疗作用及作用机制。方法将18周龄雌性SD大鼠按体质量随机分为假手术、模型组、仙灵骨葆胶囊(0.54 g/kg)组和强骨生血口服液低、中、高剂量(2.7、5.4、10.8 m L/kg)组,除假手术外,其余各组进行双侧卵巢切除术制备骨质疏松模型。术后3 d开始给药,连续90 d。于给药第45、90天分别检测血钙、血清I型前胶原羧基末端肽(CTX-I)、骨钙、股骨羟脯氨酸水平,股骨腰椎骨密度(BMD)、断裂载荷、最大载荷值以及组织病理学检测。结果与模型组比较,强骨生口服液低、中剂量可抑制去卵巢诱导的大鼠血钙、骨钙、BMD的降低,降低血清CTX-I水平,改善骨生物力学性能;强骨生口服液高剂量可显著抑制去卵巢诱导的大鼠血钙、骨钙、BMD的降低,降低血清CTX-I水平,改善骨生物力学性能。结论强骨生血口服液对去卵巢诱导的大鼠骨质疏松具有延缓和治疗作用,其机制与减少骨钙丢失,降低CTX-I水平有关。     

补骨脂水提取物对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠肾脏组织中TGF-β1/Smad4信号通路转导的影响

目的:探讨补骨脂水提取物(PCE)对绝经后骨质疏松症的作用及分子机制。方法:采用双侧卵巢切除法建立绝经后骨质疏松(OVX)大鼠模型,评估OVX大鼠的体质量变化,采用双能X线吸收测量仪测量全身骨密度值,采用ELISA法检测血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)及雌激素E2分泌水平,采用苏木精-伊红(HE)染色检测股骨病理变化,采用RT-PCR和Western Blot法检测肾脏TGF-β1/Smad4信号分子mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果:补骨脂水提取物对绝经后骨质疏松症具有潜在的保护作用,能够显著减小术后大鼠体质量的增加(P>0.05),且增加OVX大鼠的全身骨密度值(P<0.05);同时其呈剂量依赖性下调ALP和ACP水平及上调E2水平(P<0.05),显著减小骨髓腔面积(P<0.05);除此之外,其呈剂量依赖性下调OVX大鼠肾脏组织中TGF-β1及Smad4的mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P<0.05)。结论:补骨脂水提取物对绝经后骨质疏松症具有潜在的保护作用,且与TGF-β1/Smad4信号通路介导骨代谢紊乱有关。     

益妇宁软胶囊对去卵巢大鼠骨形态和生物力学性能的影响

目的:观察益妇宁软胶囊(YFN)对去卵巢大鼠骨形态和生物力学性能的影响。方法:采用未孕产SD雌性大鼠60只,50只行双侧卵巢切除术,随机分为YFN大、中、小剂量组和阳性药对照组、模型对照组,每组10只;另10只为假手术组。术后4周开始给药,给药12周后收集标本。采用病理计量学观察骨组织形态并测量骨小梁密度,采用万能生物材料测试机测定骨生物力学指标。结果:YFN能明显增加骨小梁密度,增加股骨、椎骨最大载荷。结论:YFN能显著改善骨质疏松程度,提高骨生物力学性能。     

中药治疗大鼠去卵巢骨质疏松症的蛋白质组学分析

目的:用蛋白质组学的方法对绝经后骨质疏松症和中药作用机理进行研究,有利于临床防治该疾病。方法:建立去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症模型,设立中药治疗组及假手术对照组,6周后骨质疏松症模型成功,行骨形态学检查,提取骨组织蛋白质样品,双向电泳分离,得到各组骨组织总蛋白质分子解剖图谱,用图像分析软件,分析各组间差异蛋白质点,MADITOF/MS质谱分析,结合蛋白质生物信息库(Matrix science Ltd database),对各蛋白质初步鉴定。结论:鉴定了3个差异蛋白,分别为P1硫氧还蛋白过氧化酶1(Thioredoxin peroxidase 1),P2为阻凝蛋白轻链肽2(Myosin light polypeptide 2),P3为泛素化酶E2-17KD(ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD)。初步认为这三种蛋白质在绝经后骨质疏松症的发病及中药治疗过程中发挥着重要调控作用。     

Preventive effect of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. on bone loss in the ovariectomised rats

Because the biggest culprit in pathogenesis of osteoporosis is oestrogen deficiency, hormone replacement therapy remained the mainstay for prevention. However most of postmenopausal women are more inclined to use natural alternative. We thus investigated the ability of Abelmoschus manihot, a herbal medicine to prevent bone loss in ovariectomised rats. Female Wistar rats were sham operated (SH: 8) or ovariectomised (OVX: 24). On day 0, OVX rats were randomly assigned to groups as follows: eight received 10% Abelmoschus manihot leaves in their diet, eight were given 15% Abelmoschus manihot leaves and eight were untreated (OVX). Compounds were mixed with a soy protein-free diet and given orally for 3 months. At necropsy, bone mineral density (BMD) in the femur and in its metaphyseal zone was lower in OVX than SH (p<0.05). This osteopenia was prevented by consumption of the highest dose of Abelmoschus manihot leaves. Bone mineral content (BMC) in the total femur and its metaphyseal and diaphyseal subregions was improved, as well (p<0.05). This could be explained by a trend towards decreased bone resorption. The lowest dose did not elicit any significant effect. In conclusion, Abelmoschus manihot consumption, at the dose of 15% in the diet, provided bone-sparing effects by improving both BMD and BMC.     

A hot water extract of Chlorella pyrenoidosa reduces body weight and serum lipids in ovariectomized rats

The effects of a hot water extract of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, which contains chlorella growth factor (CGF), on the body weight, serum lipids, and the bone mass were evaluated using an ovariectomized rat as a model for postmenopausal bone loss. Rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated (Sham), Sham given the CGF solution, ovariectomized (OVX), and OVX given the CGF solution, respectively. Administration of the extract to OVX rats suppressed the body weight gain. After 7 weeks, the administration of the extract to the OVX group reduced increases in both serum total cholesterols and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterols. It also normalized the decrease of triglyceride level in the OVX group. The ovariectomy decreased the tibial bone mineral density (BMD) by 19%, and the administration of the extract to OVX rats did not inhibit this decrease. These results suggest that a dietary supplement of CGF may be useful to control the body weight and improve lipid metabolism of menopausal women.     

仙灵强骨口服液对去势老龄大鼠骨质疏松症的影响

目的：观察仙灵强骨口服液对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的治疗作用。方法：采用12月龄SD雌性大鼠,行双侧卵巢切除术,随机分为强骨口服液高、中、低剂量组(6,3,1.5 g·kg^-1))和阳性药(尼尔雌醇)组、模型组、假手术组。术后45 d开始给药,给药90 d后取出大鼠股骨及第四腰椎骨进行股骨骨形态计量学测定、股骨骨密度测量、股骨三点弯曲实验及椎骨压缩实验,同时测定血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(StrACP)水平。结果：仙灵强骨口服液可显著增加骨密度、降低血清StrACP水平,明显提高骨最大应力、弹性模量、刚度水平,同时对股骨形态计量学有改善作用。结论：仙灵强骨口服液对去卵巢大鼠的骨质疏松症有治疗作用。     

健骨二仙丸对去势大鼠骨量和血脂的影响

目的：观察健骨二仙丸和倍美力对去势大鼠骨量和血脂等指标的影响。方法：12月龄雌性SD大鼠随机为空白对照组（OVX）、雌激素对照组（OVX E）、健骨二仙丸1、2组（OVX J1、J2）、卵巢切除后7天开始给药,4月后第二次检测骨量,6月处死大量检测血脂、ALP、Ga和P。结果：空白对照组实验后骨量显著减少,雌激素对照（倍美力）组和健骨二仙丸组的骨量显著高于空白对照组;雌激素对照组和健骨二仙丸2组血浆总胆固醇（TC）显著低于空白对照组;雌激素对照组甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-h）较空白对照组显著升高,健骨二仙丸1组TC、TG及HDL与空白对照比较无显著性差异;雌激素对照组和健骨二仙丸2组TC和低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）较空白对照组显著降低。结论：健骨二仙丸可有效防止卵巢切除大鼠骨量的丢失而不会导致血脂的升高,可有效防治骨质疏松。     

益妇宁软胶囊对去势大鼠骨质疏松症的影响

目的:以去卵巢大鼠为实验对象,观察益妇宁软胶囊(YFN)对绝经后骨质疏松症的影响。方法:采用3月龄SD雌性大鼠,行双侧卵巢切除术,随机分为YFN大、中、小剂量组和阳性药对照组、模型对照组及假手术组。术后4周开始给药,给药12周后收集标本。采用放免法测定血清雌二醇水平,血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶含量;称量子宫重量;测量大鼠肱骨长度、横径及肱骨干重、湿重;采用原子吸收光谱法测定骨矿物质钙、镁、锌、锰含量;使用双能x线骨密度仪测定离体股骨密度。结果:VFN能明显提高去势大鼠体内雌激素水平,增加性器官重量;使去势大鼠骨长、宽、干重、湿重增加;增加骨钙、镁、锌、锰等矿物质含量;增强绝经后疏松骨质的密度。结论:YFN能起到治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的作用。     

Psoralea corylifolia extract ameliorates experimental osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats

We evaluated the protective effect of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PCL) extract on the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. The biochemical markers of bone turnover, calcium metabolism, and calcium balance were examined. PCL extract (25 mg or 50 mg/kg body weight/day) was orally administrated to OVX rats for 3 months. PCL extract did not alter weight gain or uterus weight in OVX rats. PCL extract significantly increased serum Ca (calcium) levels (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group) as well as decreased urinary Ca excretion (p < 0.05 vs. OVX group) in OVX rats. The upregulation of serum osteocalcin level by ovariectomy was suppressed by treatment with PCL extract in rats (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group). PCL extract increased bone mineral density at 50 mg/kg body weight/day in OVX rats (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group). Our results indicate that orally administrated PCL extract can decrease urinary calcium excretion and decrease serum osteocalcin in OVX rats, resulting in positive effects on bone mineral density as well as bone formation. In conclusion, our studies showed that PCL might be a potential candidate for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

强骨丹对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症防治作用的实验研究

【目的】探讨中药强骨丹对绝经后骨质疏松症的防治作用。【方法】运用切除大鼠卵巢方法建立去卵巢骨质疏松症模型，随机分为模型组、强骨丹高低剂量组、西药组，同时设假手术对照组。采用双能X线骨密度测定法、放射免疫分析法和ELISA法等检测各组实验鼠骨密度(BMD)、骨矿含量(BMC)、血清雌二醇(E2)、骨钙素(BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP5b)以及尿脱氧吡啶啉(Dpol)。【结果】强骨丹可明显升高BMD、BMC，提高血清E2水平，降低TRACP5b和Dpd水平，并降低BGP含量。【结论】强骨丹通过调节机体相关内分泌功能，抑制骨吸收，降低骨的转换率，减少骨丢失，增加骨密度对绝经后骨质疏松症有防治作用。