目的:探讨哌甲酯控释剂对注意缺陷多动障碍(Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,ADHD)儿童临床症状、不同维度(操作性神经心理测查和生态学)抑制功能的影响以及临床症状改善与不同维度抑制功能改善之间的关系.方法:采用自身对照研究,对符合DSM-IV诊断标准的28名ADHD患者[年龄(10.8±1.8)岁],使用哌甲酯控释剂(18~54mg/d)治疗4~6周,以ADHD症状评定问卷(父母问卷)为主要临床疗效评价指标,以自编的计算机版本的Go/No Go任务评定ADHD患者操作性神经心理测查的抑制功能,以执行功能行为评定量表(BRIEF)中的抑制因子得分评价ADHD患者生态学抑制功能的情况.结果:经哌甲酯控释剂治疗后,ADHD患者临床症状的总分[(32.8±9.2) vs. (20.7±11.9)],注意缺陷[(18.6±4.1) vs.(11.5±6.1)]及多动冲动评分[(14.2±6.6) vs. (9.1±6.6)]、Go/No Go任务虚报数[(22.0±10.9) vs. (14.8±10.4)],以及BRIEF量表中抑制因子的得分[(2.0±0.5) vs. (1.7±0.4)]较服药前均显著下降(P<0.05);相关性分析发现,ADHD注意缺陷分的改善率与Go/No Go任务虚报数的改善率呈正相关(r=0.42,P<0.05),多动冲动症状的改善率与BRIEF量表中抑制因子的改善率呈正相关(r=0.50,P<0.01).结论:哌甲酯控释剂能有效地改善ADHD患者的临床症状及不同维度的抑制功能.BRIEF量表中抑制因子得分的改善与ADHD多动冲动症状的改善相关,操作性神经心理测查的执行功能测定是对临床实践的必要补充. 相似文献
Aim: AQP4 in the brain is involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of encephalopathy. AQPs family changes in kidney were accompanied by altered UTs family. The aim of this study was to observe AQP4 and UT-A3 expression in CNS and to explore their role in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia encephalopathy following peripheral LPS injection in mice. Methods: Endotoxemia was induced in C57Bl/6 mice by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. The expression of UT-A3 and AQP4 in brain were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, the level of cytokines were detected by ELISA, and the content of LDH, AST/ALT, BUN and CREA were detected by colorimetric method. Results: As compared with the control group, in model group, the brain weight/ body weight ratio increased by 13%. Meanwhile, a 2.5 fold increase in LDH and a 1.2 fold increase in AST/ALT were found in peripheral serum (P < 0.05), and also, BUN and CREA increased 2.5 fold (P < 0.01). In addition to severe CNS injury in response to lipopolysaccharide, the contents of cytokines and the expression of AQP4 protein in hippocampal is increased (P < 0.05), while the expression of UT-A3 protein in the hippocampus and cortical astrocytes decreased (P < 0.05). And, in part, Dexa pretreatment attenuated those effects. Conclusions: In endotoxemia encephalopathy, AQPs and UTs which regulate the functions of cell membrane are both altered. We suggested that the molecular mechanisms of regulation in endotoxemia may provide a new strategy for clinical treatment of the disease and drug binding sites. 相似文献
Summary: The wavelength‐dependent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photolysis of several polymers, low density polyethylene (LDPE), biaxially oriented poly(propylene) (BOPP), atactic polystyrene (PS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), was studied by irradiation in vacuum with the well‐characterized emissions from four different resonant or excimer VUV sources. These lamps comprise radiofrequency (r.f.) discharges in different noble gases, such as krypton, xenon (at low pressures, producing near‐monochromatic resonant line radiations), xenon excimer (at “high” pressure), and a deuterium/argon mixture (producing a broad‐band emission). VUV‐induced mass loss (ablation or etching) was monitored in situ by quartz crystal microbalance measurements. Following irradiation, samples were analysed by ATR‐FTIR and XPS, to evaluate near‐surface structural changes (e.g., creation of unsaturation, cross‐linking) resulting from the VUV‐initiated bond scissions and radical‐creation reactions. PMMA was the most readily ablatable polymer, whereas the mass loss of BOPP was higher than that of LDPE, regardless of the irradiation wavelength, λ. All polymers were found to form double bonds, with the exception of PS, which is rather stable, probably due to energy dissipation by fluorescence.
Formation of double bonds in a) vinyl‐, b) vinylidene‐, and c) vinylene‐like unsaturated groups, as a function of the radiation dose, D, for KrL (?), XeL (?), and D2Ar‐irradiated (?) PMMA. 相似文献