姜黄素固体分散体对大鼠肝损伤的防治作用

目的:研究以聚乙二醇6000为载体制备的姜黄素固体分散体对酒精性大鼠肝损伤的防治作用。方法:SD大鼠灌胃酒脂乳剂建立大鼠酒精性肝损伤模型,同时灌胃给予姜黄素固体分散体(CurSD),测定大鼠血清及肝组织中相关指标,计算肝指数,观察肝脏组织学变化。结果:姜黄素固体分散体能显著降低酒精性肝损伤大鼠血清中甘油三酯(TG)含量并降低血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性;降低肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结论:以聚乙二醇为载体制备的姜黄素固体分散体对酒精性大鼠肝损伤具有防治作用。     

缺血预处理对肝硬化大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的 观察缺血预处理对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法 建立肝硬化大鼠模型,测定肝脏缺血预处理组与对照组血天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、血丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）及肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GSH-PX）及ATP含量。结果 预处理组与对照组相比缺因再灌注后AST、ALT、LDH升高较少,MDA含量较低,SOD、GSH-PX含量较高,ATP储量较高。结论 缺血预处理能有效减轻肝硬化大鼠肝脏的缺血再灌注损伤。     

四君子汤联合缺血预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的研究

目的探讨四君子汤联合缺血预处理（ischemia preconditioning,IPC）对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制。方法将SD大鼠100只随机分成假手术组、空白对照组、四君子汤预处理组、IPC组、四君子汤预处理＋IPC组。肝脏缺血再灌注术后检测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）;检测肝细胞原位凋亡;检测肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。结果四君子汤预处理＋IPC组ALT和AST水平与空白对照组、四君子汤预处理组、IPC组三组比较,明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。四君子汤预处理组及IPC组ALT和AST水平与空白对照组比较,明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。四君子汤预处理组、IPC组、四君子汤预处理＋IPC组三组中肝细胞凋亡指数和MDA水平均显著低于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。四君子汤预处理＋IPC组中SOD水平显著高于其余四组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。四君子汤预处理组、IPC组SOD水平显著高于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论四君子汤联合IPC,在大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注时减轻过氧化损伤,抑制细胞凋亡,从而起到保护作用。     

豹皮樟总黄酮对大鼠酒精性脂肪性肝炎的防治作用及部分机制

目的探讨豹皮樟总黄酮（TFLC）对大鼠酒精性脂肪性肝炎的防治作用及部分机制。方法以酒精联合脂肪乳剂灌胃,每天2次,连续6周,制备大鼠酒精性脂肪性肝炎模型。给药组同时灌服相应药物。于实验的第6周末采血,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨基转移酶（AST）、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶（γ-GT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）及肝脏TG、TC、SOD、MDA、GSH-PX,并行肝脏病理学检查。结果TFLC（200、400mg／kg）组能明显降低酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠血清AST、ALT、ALP、γ-GT水平;降低血清和肝匀浆中TC、TG、MDA含量,增强SOD和GSH-PX活性;同时病理组织学显示TFLC能明显改善酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠的肝细胞脂肪变性。结论 TFLC对大鼠酒精性脂肪性肝炎具有较好的防治作用。其作用机制与抗氧化和调节脂质代谢有关。     

四君子汤联合缺血预处理对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤大鼠炎症因子及氧化应激的影响

目的观察四君子汤联合缺血预处理（IPC）对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤大鼠炎症因子及氧化应激的影响。方法 80只SD大鼠随机分成空白对照组、四君子汤预处理组、IPC组和四君子汤预处理＋IPC组,每组20只。肝脏缺血再灌注术后检测白细胞计数（WBC）、血小板计数（PLT）;血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、谷氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）;血清肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白介素6（IL-6）,以及肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平。结果四君子汤预处理＋IPC组WBC、ALT及AST水平显著低于其余三组（P〈0.05）。四君子汤预处理组与IPC组的ALT、AST水平较空白对照组显著降低（P〈0.05）。四君子汤预处理＋IPC组TNF-α水平显著低于其余三组（P〈0.05）。三个实验组IL-6、MDA水平显著低于空白对照组（P〈0.05）,SOD水平显著高于空白对照组（P〈0.05）。各实验组间比较,四君子汤预处理＋IPC组SOD水平高于其余两组（P〈0.05）。结论四君子汤联合IPC可减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注过氧化损伤,抑制炎症因子,保护肝功能。     

乙酰半胱氨酸对急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用

目的探讨乙酰半胱氨酸对酒精所致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用酒精灌胃法制作急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠模型。50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组（n=10）：正常对照组、急性酒精性肝损伤模型组、乙酰半胱氨酸低、中、高剂量（150,300,600mg／kg）组。测定并比较各组大鼠肝脏指数,血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性以及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性与丙二醛（MDA）含量;并观察光镜下肝组织病理学改变。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝组织SOD、GSH—Px活性降低（均P〈0．05）,血清ALT、AST活性和肝组织MDA含量增加（均P〈0．05）。治疗结束后,与模型组比较,乙酰半胱氨酸各剂量组急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠肝组织SOD、GSH—Px活性均升高（均P〈0．05）,血清A岍、AST活性和肝组织MDA含量降低（均P〈0．05）,并能不同程度地改善肝脏组织病理损伤。结论乙酰半胱氨酸能够有效地改善肝功能,降低脂质过氧化物水平,对酒精所致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

珍珠粉对小鼠酒精肝的保护作用的实验研究

目的 观察珍珠粉对小鼠酒精肝的保护作用.方法 采用食用酒精诱导小鼠肝损伤,比色法测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT).天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的含量;肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)浓度,计算肝脏指数.结果 珍珠扮高剂量可使小鼠酒精肝损伤血清ALT、AST升高的水平降低,降低小鼠肝损伤的肝脏MDA的水平,提高SOD的活性,降低升高的肝脏指数,与模型组比较均有王著差异(P<0.01).结论 珍球粉对小鼠酒精肝有明显的保肝作用.     

山茱萸炮制前后对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的 探讨山茱萸炮制前后对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 采用CCl4造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型,以血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性及肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平作为考察指标,观察山茱萸炮制前后对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的影响.结果 山茱萸炮制后中剂量组血清ALT、AST活性及肝脏MDA含量明显降低,肝脏SOD水平则明显升高,且与同一剂量生品组比较有显著性差异.结论 山茱萸炮制后对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用增强.     

乌索酸对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨乌索酸对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的影响。方法利用乙醇灌胃法建立小鼠急性肝损伤病理模型,分别以乌索酸按30mg／kg、60mg／kg小鼠口服给药,观察其对急性肝损伤小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性及肝组织丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响。结果急性肝损伤模型组与空白对照组比较,各项指标差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）;乌索酸组与模型组比较,血清ALT、AST活性及肝组织MDA含量明显降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论乌索酸对酒精所致的小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

胡黄连总甙对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究胡黄连总甙（TGP）对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：以卡介苗（BCG）加大肠杆菌脂多糖（LPS）制备小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型，然后在注射BCG5d后，再灌胃给予4，8，16mg/kg.d^-1TGP，连续7 d，检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性，肝脏重量指数，测定肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性；同时对肝组织作常规HE染色，进行病理学检查,结果：TGP能明显抑制免疫性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性的升高，减轻增加的肝脏重量指数，显著抑制肝组织中MDA含量的升高及SOD活性的下降，病理结果也显示给药组小鼠肝组织损伤程度明显减轻，但对肝组织NO含量无明显影响，结论：TGP对小鼠免疫疫性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用，这种作用与其抗脂质过氧化有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.