血浆及乙状结肠粘膜中CCK、MOT的含量与肠易激综合征的关系

应用放射免疫分析法检测正常对照组２４例及肠易综合征组（ＩＢＳ）２６例受检者血浆及乙状结肠粘膜中胆囊收缩素（ＣＣＫ）和胃动素（ＭＯＴ）的含量，旨在探讨ＩＢＳ患者血浆及乙状结肠粘膜中ＣＣＫ和ＭＯＴ有无变化，以及它们在ＩＢＳ疾病过程中的可能作用和临床意义。结果：ＩＢＳ组血浆中ＣＣＫ、ＭＯＴ的含量明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；乙状结肠粘膜中ＣＣＫ的含量两组无显著差别（Ｐ＞０．２），ＭＯＴ的含量两组均为零。提示血浆中ＣＣＫ和ＭＯＴ可能在ＩＢＳ的疾病过程中起有一定作用，建议在临床实验诊断中验证它们作为ＩＢＳ诊断标志的可能性。     

八肽胆囊收缩素、P物质与无症状心肌缺血和心绞痛发生关系的研究

本文测定了无症状心肌缺血（ＳＭＩ）组（１５例）、心绞痛组（１１例）和对照组（７例）运动试验前后血浆八肽胆囊收缩素（ＣＣＫ－８）、Ｐ物质含量，探讨这两种神经调节肽与ＳＭＩ和心绞痛发生的关系。结果显示：①运动前３组血浆ＣＣＫ－８含量分别为４．５５±２．１８、５．１１±１．５９和５．３９±２．８４ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ，３组之间比较无明显差异；运动后３组血浆ＣＣＫ－８含量分别为４．９１±１．０８、８．５６±１．５７和５．７３±２．４６ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ，心绞痛组明显高于ＳＭＩ和对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。②运动前３组血浆Ｐ物质含量分别为２．１３±０．２８、２．１０±０．２１和２．１３±０．１６ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，３组间比较无明显差异；运动后３组分别为２．２５±０．２１、２．４６±０．２０和２．１８±０．１２ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，心绞痛组明显高于ＳＭＩ组和对照组（Ｐ＜０．０２）。结果表明：高血浆ＣＣＫ－８、Ｐ物质含量可能参与心绞痛的发生，心肌缺血时无症状可能与血浆ＣＣＫ－８、Ｐ物质含量未升高有关。     

乙型肝炎及原发性肝癌患者sIL-2R的变化

目的探讨ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平与乙型肝炎病情的关系及其在原发性肝癌早期诊断中的价值．方法以ＥＬＩＳＡ法动态检测１１３例乙型肝炎及６例原发性肝癌患者ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平，另选３１例健康体检者作对照组．结果以ｑ检验、ｔ检验进行统计学处理（微机处理，ＰＯＭＳ２００版）．结果各型乙型肝炎ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平均显著高于正常对照（ＮＣ）组（Ｐ＜００１），其顺序依次为：ＨＣＣ＞ＣＳＨ＞ＣＨ（ＩＩ）＞ＬＣ＞ＣＨ（ＩＩ）＞ＡＨ＞ＣＨ（Ｉ）＞ＮＣ．ＨＣＣ组ｓＩＬ２Ｒ均值达正常值的２倍以上，且与ＣＨ（Ｉ），ＣＨ（Ｉ），ＡＨ间存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１，＜００５及＜００５）；ＣＨ（ＩＩ）组显著高于ＣＨ（Ｉ）组（Ｐ＜００１）．ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性组及ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平显著高于阴性组．结论ｓＩＬ２Ｒ是监测乙型肝炎病情、ＨＢＶ复制及诊断早期原发性肝癌的一项敏感标志．     

结肠癌患者血清可溶性sIL-2R含量的变化

目的探讨结肠癌患者手术前血清可溶性白介素２受体（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｉｎｔｅｒｌｕｋｉｎ２ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，ｓＩＬ２Ｒ）含量改变与疾病的诊断、分期、预后判断等的关系．方法采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法对２７例结肠癌患者（ＤｕｋｅｓＡ，Ｂ期１９例），Ｃ，Ｄ期８例）及４２例对照组（正常３２例及肠易激综合征１０例）分别测定血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ含量．同时使用间接荧光染色法对各组进行血ＣＤ３，ＣＤ４，ＣＤ８及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８的测定．结果结肠癌患者ＤｕｋｅｓＡ，Ｂ期组血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ含量（８３５ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ±２１８ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ）与对照组（６９２ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ±２７９ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ及７６２ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ±２４６ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ）无明显差异，而有淋巴结转移的ＤｕｋｅｓＣ，Ｄ期患者（３２１６ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ±２３４４ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ）则明显高于ＤｕｋｅｓＡ，Ｂ期患者，且ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８值明显下降（１０６±０４９比１５８±０３６）；另外，血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ含量还与肿瘤细胞分化程度密切关联．结论结肠癌术前血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ含量与疾病分期及预后有关．     

小檗碱治疗分泌性腹泻的实验研究

目的探讨小檗碱（Ｂｅｒ）对分泌性腹泻豚鼠离体回肠电解质转运的影响．方法利用霍乱毒素（ＣｈＴ）制成分泌性腹泻模型．通过ＵｓｓｉｎｇＣｈａｎｂｅｒ技术测定豚鼠离体回肠膜电位差（ＰＤ）、膜短路电流（ＳＣＣ）和膜电阻（Ｒ）．结果①分泌性腹泻时，豚鼠离体回肠的ＰＤ和ＳＣＣ均显著高于正常对照组（ｔ＝３５２０，ｔ＝３１８２，Ｐ＜００１）；②加于粘膜侧（Ｍ）溶液中１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｂｅｒ和加于浆膜侧（Ｓ）溶液中０１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ及０５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｂｅｒ均可降低ＰＤ和ＳＣＣ（ｔ＝１４２７，１６８２，ｔ＝１１６５，１２８５，Ｐ＜００１），但不改变Ｒ（ｔ＝０４３，１８７，Ｐ＞００５），而加于Ｓ侧溶液中１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｂｅｒ不仅可降低ＰＤ和ＳＣＣ（ｔ＝１９０２，ｔ＝１５４５，Ｐ＜００１），还可降低Ｒ（ｔ＝２１５，Ｐ＜００５）．结论Ｂｅｒ可抑制由ＣｈＴ所致的电解质分泌亢进     

胃癌组织组织蛋白酶活性测定的临床意义

目的探讨胃癌组织的组织蛋白酶Ｂ活性及其临床意义．方法通过荧光底物活性分析法测定８例胃癌患者术后肿瘤组织及８例正常胃组织匀浆及亚细胞组分的组织蛋白酶Ｂ（ＣＢ）活性．结果胃癌组织匀浆的ＣＢ活性（１５６５３ｐｍｏｌ／ｓ±２９８４ｐｍｏｌ／ｓ）高于相应正常胃组织每克（ＣＢ）活性（４３８４ｐｍｏｌ／ｓ±６８３ｐｍｏｌ／ｓ,Ｐ＜００１,ｔ＝１０４２）,而且胃癌组织低密度质膜组分ＣＢ活性与高密度质膜组分ＣＢ活性之比值（Ｌ／Ｈ）（４１２±２８４）比相应正常胃组织低密度质膜组分中ＣＢ活性与高密度质膜中的ＣＢ活性比值（１３４±０１７）为高（Ｐ＜００５,ｔ＝２７６）．在低分化腺癌Ｌ／Ｈ值（５９０±２２２）高于高分化腺癌Ｌ／Ｈ值（１２０±０１０,Ｐ＜００１,ｔ＝６０３）．结论胃癌组织ＣＢ活性增高是其独有恶性表现,可能与肿瘤的侵袭转移有关．     

糖尿病酮症酸中毒并肝损害临床分析

目的探讨导致糖尿病酮症（ＤＫ）及酮症酸中毒（ＤＫＡ）患者肝损害的相关因素．方法ＤＫ或ＤＫＡ患者９９例,其中ＡＬＴ及ＡＳＴ均异常升高１１例（Ａ组）,单项ＡＬＴ异常升高１３例（Ｂ组）,肝功能正常７５例（Ｃ组）,对以上各组患者的血二氧化碳结合力（ＣＯ２ＣＰ）、尿素氮（ＢＵＮ）、血糖（ＢＧ）和血浆渗透压（ＯＳＭ）进行了统计分析．结果Ａ,Ｂ两组患者的ＣＯ２ＣＰ明显低于Ｃ组（Ｐ＜００１,ｔ＝６３３和ｔ＝６４３）,而ＢＵＮ则明显升高（Ｐ＜００１,ｔ＝３６１,ＡｖｓＣ;Ｐ＜００１,ｔ＝４３５,ＢｖｓＣ）,Ａ组的ＢＧ（Ｐ＜００５,ｔ＝２８４）和血浆ＯＳＭ（Ｐ＜００５,ｔ＝３１０）水平也显著高于Ｃ组,而Ｂ组患者的ＢＧ及血浆ＯＳＭ与Ｃ组比较无差异;与Ｂ组相比,Ａ组患者的ＣＯ２ＣＰ明显降低（Ｐ＜００２,ｔ＝２７１）,ＢＧ（Ｐ＜００５,ｔ＝２８９）和血浆ＯＳＭ（Ｐ＜００５,ｔ＝２３６）明显升高．此外,Ⅰ型糖尿病患者血清转氨酶异常升高的发生率明显高于Ⅱ型糖尿病患者（Ｐ＜００５,χ２＝４３８）．结论酸中毒和脱水是导致糖尿病酮症及酮症酸中毒患者肝损害的重要因素,酸中毒及脱水程度与肝损害程度相关．     

肠易激综合征回盲部肥大细胞及结肠粘膜中胃肠激素的研究

为探讨肠易激综合征（ＩＢＳ）回盲部肥大细胞及结肠粘膜中胃肠激素有无变化，以及它们在ＩＢＳ中的可能作用和临床意义，应用组化特染法及放射免疫分析法将对照组和ＩＢＳ组对比研究，结果ＩＢＳ组回盲部肥大细胞计数明显增多（Ｐ＜０．０５）；结肠粘膜中生长抑素的含量ＩＢＳ组明显高于对照组，痛秘型ＩＢＳ明显高于痛泻型ＩＢＳ（Ｐ＜０．０５）；胆囊收缩素、胃动素和Ｐ物质的含量两组无明显差别（Ｐ＞０．０５）。研究提示回盲部肥大细胞及结肠粘膜中的生长抑素在ＩＢＳ的病生机制中起有一定的作用，肥大细胞稳定剂或肥大细胞产物拮抗剂可能对ＩＢＳ具有治疗作用。     

胃癌及消化性溃疡患者胃窦粘膜胃肠激素的变化

目的探讨胃癌及消化性溃疡（ＰＵ）患者胃窦粘膜胃肠激素变化的意义．方法内镜及活检确诊的浅表性胃炎（ＣＳＧ）１０例，胃溃疡（ＧＵ）１５例，十二指肠溃疡（ＤＵ）１２例，胃癌（ＧＣ）６例．胃镜下取胃窦粘膜，用ＲＩＡ法测定胃泌素（Ｇａｓ）、生长抑素（ＳＳ）、Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）的含量，各组间进行比较．结果胃窦粘膜ＳＳ含量在ＧＵ，ＤＵ，ＣＳＧ，ＧＣ组分别为２５１ｐｇ／ｍｇ±１９４ｐｇ／ｍｇ（以下同），４７０±１７９，５３２±２１１及１２９３±５２３。其中ＧＵ组低于其余各组（Ｐ＜００５），而ＧＣ时则显著升高（Ｐ＜００１）．ＳＰ含量在ＤＵ组显著降低，与ＧＵ，ＣＳＧ，ＧＣ比较分别为４７９±１５７ｖｓ７６５±４１５，７８９±３９０及８０１±３４６，Ｐ＜００５；ＧＣ患者Ｇａｓ水平显著高于ＣＳＧ组，为４６４５±２９４４，ｖｓ２７６８±１５７２，Ｐ＜００１．结论胃粘膜中Ｇａｓ，ＳＳ，ＳＰ含量的变化可能在ＰＵ及胃癌的发病机理中起重要作用．     

原发性肝癌血清性激素及组织性激素受体的研究

目的研究人体性激素水平变化与原发性肝细胞癌的关系．方法应用放免法测定肝癌组（２０例），肝硬变组（１６例）及正常对照组（２０例）血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）及睾酮（ＴＴＴ）含量，并用放免组化法（ＰＡＰ法）检测肝癌组织及肝硬变组织的雌二醇受体（ＥＲ）及睾酮受体（ＡＲ）含量．结果肝癌组血清Ｅ２含量（４４５５±９３１ｎｇ／Ｌ）明显高于正常对照组（７６６ｎｇ／Ｌ±１７０ｎｇ／Ｌ）而低于肝硬变组（６４９６ｎｇ／Ｌ±１７６ｎｇ／Ｌ）（Ｐ＜００１）；前者ＴＴＴ含量（２５３３００ｎｇ／Ｌ±５６５６０ｎｇ／Ｌ）明显低于后二者（４５８５８０ｎｇ／Ｌ±３４９６０ｎｇ／Ｌ）（Ｐ＜００１）．肝癌组织ＥＲ（８０％）较肝硬变时（４４％）明显增加（Ｐ＜００２５），且与血清Ｅ２含量有明显负相关关系（ｒ＝－０８４７３，Ｐ＜０００１）．ＡＲ阳性百分率在两者无明显差别（ｒ＝－０３１３５，Ｐ＞００５）．结论血清ＴＴＴ含量改变及肝组织ＡＲ浓度改变与肝癌无明显关系，而血清Ｅ２含量改变及肝组织ＥＲ浓度改变与肝癌的发生、发展有密切关系．提示原发性肝细胞癌是一雌激素依赖性肿瘤．     

Changes of IL-6 and relevant cytokines in patients with hepatocellularcarcinoma and their clinical significance

AIM To study the changes of IL-6,IL-2, sIL-2R and TNF ir patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and their clinical significance.METHODS IL-6, IL-2, sIL-2R and TNF were detected by avidin-biotin-system ELISA, double-sandwichELISA respectively in 60 patients with HCC and 36 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 66 healthy persons.RESULTS The levels of IL-6, sIL-2R and TNF increased, but IL-2 level was lower in patients with HCCthan that in normal controls (NC) (t test, t=8.21, 4.71, 3.87, 2.13, P<0.01 or 0.05). IL-6 level in HCCwas 10 fold higher than NC, and also much higher than LC. IL-6 level was higher in later stage than that inearlier stage. There was a positive correlation between IL-6 and sIL-2R, TNF, while no positive correlationwas found between IL-2 and IL-6, sIL-2R in HCC.CONCLUSION The remarkably higher level of IL-6 is helpful for the early diagnosis of HCC.     

Expression and kinetic changes of alkaline phosphatase and its isoenzymes in experimental rat hepatoma

AIM To explore the expression and changes of hepatoma specific alkaline phospatase (ALP) in rats during canceration.METHODS The ALPs and isoenzymes of rat livers and sera were investigated in SD hepatomas induced with 0.05% 2-fluoenylacetamide (2-FAA).RESULTS By pathological examination and biochemical analysis. ALPs were overexpressed in rat livers during canceration and then were secreted into blood. Serum total ALP activities, liver ALP specific activities (U/g) including soluble and membrane-combined ALP activities of each group were all significantly higher (P＜0.01) than those of control group. The average ratios of soluble ALP to membrane-combined ALP were increased significantly after 6 weeks. ALP isoenzymes of rat sera and livers showed 5 bands on PAGE: ALP-Ⅰ and ALP-Ⅱ were specific for normal liver and rat hepatoma tissues, the ALP-Ⅱ appeared in rat liver after 6 weeks and in sera after 8 weeks.CONCLUSIONS ALP with carcino-embryonic protein was overexpressed in hepatoma tissues; the abnormal ALP-Ⅱ of ALP isoenzymes in sera and liver of rats can be used as a tumor marker for early diagnosis of rat hepatoma.     

血清雌激素与肝细胞癌转移的关系

目的了解血清雌激素升高与原发性肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）转移的关系．方法应用放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）对ＨＣＣ患者血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）含量进行了检测，并应用原位杂交研究外源性Ｅ２对肝癌细胞系ＣＢＲＨ７９１９血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）和层粘蛋白受体（ＬＮＲ）表达的影响．结果ＨＣＣ患者血清Ｅ２水平较正常者显著升高，且ＨＣＣ有转移者血清Ｅ２水平较无转移者亦显著升高；原位杂交结果显示，外源性Ｅ２能够增加ＣＢＲＨ７９１９细胞表达ＶＥＧＦ和ＬＮＲｍＲＮＡ．结论血清Ｅ２水平增高与ＨＣＣ转移密切相关，它有可能通过促进ＶＥＧＦ和ＬＮＲ的合成而影响肿瘤的转移过程．     

Influence of IFNα-2b and BCG on the release of TNF and IL-1 by Kupffer cells in rats with hepatoma

!NTRODUCTIONKuPffer eells are residential macroPhages in the1 iver,which Play a eritieal role in the maintenaneeof normal liver function and in immunal surveilaneeof hePatoeellular earcinoma(HCC)and othereaneers〔l].The bio一ogieal immune modulants havebeen used for treating Patients with HCC and othereaneers[2〕.In our previous studies,the eombineduse of biological immune modulants showed bettereffeets.The normal rats and hePatoma rats indueedby DEN(Diethylnitrosamine)were treated …     

血清GLS和AFP联合测定对原发性肝癌诊断的意义

探讨联合测定血清GLS和AFP对肝癌诊断的临床意义。测定肝癌、非癌肝病患者血清神经节苷脂(GLS)和AFP含量,然后分组统计、分析结果,肝癌组GLS(799±226)mg/L显著高于非癌患者(481±104),后者与正常人(466±65)无明显差异。测定血清GLS对肝癌诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度、诊断效率分别为82．4％、94．7％、89．7％和78．0％,具有显著临床价值。肝癌组GLS和／或AFP升高为阳性者达97．3％,显著高于良性肝病组,可用于初筛肝癌;GLS与AFP都升高为阳性者达到52．7％,而非癌肝病和正常人组都为0,可用于确诊肝癌。结果显示肝癌患者血清GLS显著增多;测定血清GLS对肝癌诊断、监测及预后分析具有显著临床价值。血清GLS与AFP联合测定对肝癌诊断具有更显著的临床意义。     

Mucin and phospholipids determine viscosity of gallbladder bile in patients with gallstones

AIM: An increased viscosity of gallbladder bile has been considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. Besides lipids and proteins, mucin has been suggested to affect the viscosity of bile. To further clarify these issues we compared mucin, protein and the lipid componEnts of hepatic and gallbladder bile and its viscosity in patients with gallstones. METHODS: Viscosity of bile (mPa.s) was measured using rotation viscosimetry in regard to the non Newtonian property of bile at low shear rates. RESULTS: Biliary viscosity was markedly higher in gallbladder bile of patients with cholesterol (5.00 +/- 0.60 mPa.s, mean +/- SEM, r= 28) and mixed stones (3.50 +/- 0.68 mPa.s; r= 8) compared to hepatic bile (0.92 +/- 0.06 mPa.s, r= 6). A positive correlation between mucin and viscosity was found in gallbladder biles (r = 0.65; P < 0.001) but not in hepatic biles. The addition of physiologic and supraphysiologic amounts of mucin to gallbladder bile resulted in a dose dependent non linear increase of its viscosity. A positive correlation was determined between phospholipid concentration and viscosity (r = 0.34, P < 0.005) in gallbladder biles. However, no correlation was found between total protein or the other lipid concentrations and viscosity in both gallbladder and hepatic biles. CONCLUSION: The viscosity of gallbladder bile is markedly higher than that of hepatic bile in patients with gallstones. The concentration of mucin is the major determinant of biliary viscosity and may contribute by this mechanism to the role of mucin in the pathogenesis of gallstones.     

Exploration of the immunoreactivity of the Traditional Chinese medicine Shenrouyangzhentang to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide

AIM: To study the immunoreactivity of the Chinese medicine Shenrouyangzhentang to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and its therapeutic mechanism.METHODS: The immunoreactivity of the Chinese medicine Shenrouyangzhentang to VIP was detected in the plasma of 20 normal people and 20 patients with Piyinxu (Spleen Yin deficiency) using the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method.RESULTS: The maximum binding rate B₀/T was 53.29%, the non-specific binding rate N₀/T was 1.170%, and the VIP standard curve was Y = 0.81983 + 0.44319X - 0.28927X², R² = 0.990. The VIP content in Shenrouyangzhentang was 106.6 ng/L ± 20 ng/L), while it was 90.16 ng/L ± 15 ng/L in normal human plasma and 63.25 ng/L ± 11 ng/L in the plasma of Pixinxu patients. The difference between normal plasma and Pixinxu patient plasma was statistically significant (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The Chinese medicine Shenrouyangzhentang demonstrated VIP immunoreactivity similar to that of normal plasma. The (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) VIP content in Pixinxu patient plasma was lower than that in healthy subjects (P < 0.05).