马来酸咪哒唑仑治疗失眠症的临床疗效观察

目的观察马来酸咪哒唑仑治疗失眠症的疗效和安全性。方法将38例患者随机分为马来酸咪哒唑仑组19例,佐匹克隆组19例,共治疗2周,采用睡眠障碍量表（SDRS）评定疗效。结果马来酸咪哒唑仑组有效率为79．0％,佐匹克隆组有效率为73．7％,两者间差异无显著性。结论马来酸咪哒唑仑治疗失眠症安全、有效,值得临床推广应用。     

扎来普隆治疗失眠症的对照研究

目的 比较扎来普隆治疗失眠症的有效性及安全性。方法 将96例失眠症患者随机分为研究组和对照组各48例，研究组予以扎来普隆5～10mg／d，对照组予以佐匹克隆7．5～15mg／d，两组疗程均为2周。采用睡眠障碍量表（SDRS）评定疗效，采用药物不良反应量表（TESS）评价不良反应。结果 治疗结束时，两组SDRS评分均较治疗前显著减少（P〈0．01）。研究组有效率为83．3％，对照组为81．2％，两组比较差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。不良反应分析显示扎来普隆较常见不良反应为口干、头昏、口苦、恶心、头痛等，未出现严重不良反应。结论 扎来普隆治疗失眠症安全有效。     

国产阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗精神分裂症的对照研究

目的探讨国产阿立哌唑治疗精神分裂症的疗效及不良反应。方法以国产阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗精神分裂症各30例作对照研究,采用阳性症状与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定疗效及不良反应。结果利培酮组有效率83．3％。显效率53．3％;国产阿立哌唑组有效率86．7％,显效率73．3％;国产阿立哌唑组无明显锥外系反应。结论两药治疗精神分裂症均有确切疗效,但国产阿立哌唑对精神症状的改善更明显。     

佐匹克隆治疗失眠症的临床对照分析

目的：观察佐匹克隆治疗失眠症的疗效和不良反应。方法：对94例失眠症患者，随机分为佐匹克隆组和阿普唑仑组。疗程4周。采用睡眠状况问卷自评量表（SRSS）于治疗前后评定临床疗效，用治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果：两组均有显著疗效，两组间比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。SRSS评分较治疗前显著降低（P〈0．01）。两组TESS评分的比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：佐匹克隆治疗失眠症疗效显著，不良反应少，依从性好，是治疗失眠症的有效药物。     

右旋佐匹克隆治疗失眠症随机双盲对照研究

目的：评价右旋佐匹克隆治疗失眠症患者的疗效和安全性。方法：257例失眠症患者随机分为研究组（131例）和对照组（126例）。研究组给予右旋佐匹克隆和佐匹克隆模拟剂,对照组给予佐匹克隆及右旋佐匹克隆模拟剂,治疗2周。采用睡眠障碍量表（SDRS）评定疗效。基线和终点时进行血生化、血常规、尿常规以及心电图检查,以评价安全性。结果：两组的SDRS评分在治疗2周末较基线均明显下降（P〈0．01）,而两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗2周,研究组和对照组在有效率（71．0％,69．8％）方面相当（P〉0．05）,1周后随访,两组的症状反跳率（2．0％,3．1％）无显著差异。研究中未出现严重不良事件,两组间不良事件的总发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：右旋佐匹克隆治疗失眠安全有效。     

奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症对照研究

目的：探讨奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症的临床疗效与安全性。方法：将70例首发精神分裂症患者，随机分为奎硫平组35例，阿立哌唑组35例，疗程8周。采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定疗效，采用治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果：奎硫平组的治疗总有效率为85．7％，阿立哌唑组的治疗总有效率为82．9％，两组疗效差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症均有良好效果，不良反应均较轻。     

唑吡坦按需治疗失眠症的临床研究

目的　探讨唑吡坦非每夜给药 (按需治疗 )对慢性失眠症的疗效及不良反应。方法　比较唑吡坦非每夜给药 (按需治疗 )和唑吡坦每夜给药 (持续治疗 )的疗效和不良反应。对慢性失眠者 40例进行对照研究。结果　持续治疗和按需治疗疗效相近 ,治疗过程中无反跳现象及撤药反应。结论　唑吡坦按需治疗方法有效可行 ,对不需每夜服药 ,又害怕对药物产生依赖的患者提供了一个较好的长期治疗方案。     

唑吡坦按需治疗失眠症的临床研究

目的 探讨唑吡坦非每夜给药(按需治疗)对慢性失眠症的疗效及不良反应。方法 比较唑吡坦非每夜给药(按需治疗)和唑吡坦每夜给药(持续治疗)的疗效和不良反应。对慢性失眠者40例进行对照研究。结果 持续治疗和按需治疗疗效相近，治疗过程中无反跳现象及撤药反应。结论 唑吡坦按需治疗方法有效可行，对不需每夜服药，又害怕对药物产生依赖的患者提供了一个较好的长期治疗方案。     

阿立哌唑和喹硫平治疗精神分裂症的对照研究

目的比较阿立哌唑与喹硫平治疗精神分裂症的疗效及不良反应。方法将60例精神分裂症患者随机分为阿立哌唑组与喹硫平组,每组各30例;阿立哌唑剂量为15～30mg／d,喹硫平为400～800mg／d;治疗时间均为8周;采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定疗效,不良反应量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果阿立哌唑组有效率为83．3％,喹硫平组有效率为80．0％,两组疗效比较差异无统计学意义;阿立哌唑组不良反应少于喹硫平组。结论阿立哌唑治疗精神分裂症的疗效与喹硫平相当,不良反应相对轻,较少引起体重增加和内分泌紊乱。     

阿立哌唑与喹硫平治疗精神分裂症对照研究

目的比较阿立哌唑与喹硫平治疗精神分裂症的疗效及安全性。方法将120例符合CCMD-3诊断标准的精神分裂症患者根据随机方案分别使用阿立哌唑与喹硫平治疗8周。并在治疗前和治疗后第1、2、4、8周表,采用阳性症状是与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、不良反应量表（TESS）评定疗效及不良反应。结果阿立哌唑组显效率93．30%,有效率81．7％：喹硫平组显效率96．7%,有效率83．3％,两组之间疗效差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;阿立哌唑组的不良反应发生率低于喹硫平组,但差异无显著性;两组药物引起的不良反应均为轻度或中度,患者耐受性较好．不良反应表现有所不同。结论阿立哌唑和喹硫平治疗精神分裂症疗效相当,不良反应轻,但不良反应表现有异同。     

右佐匹克隆治疗失眠症患者的疗效

目的:评价右佐匹克隆治疗失眠症的临床疗效与不良反应。方法:80例失眠症患者分成右佐匹克隆组40例和地西泮组40例。右佐匹克隆组患者每晚睡前服用右佐匹克隆2～3mg;地西泮组患者每晚睡前服用地西泮5～10mg,连续3周。采用睡眠障碍量表(SDRS)评定疗效,治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定药物的不良反应。结果:右佐匹克隆组和地西泮组治疗失眠的有效率分别为77.5%和75%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组TESS评分以右佐匹克隆组明显低于地西泮组(P<0.01)。结论:右佐匹克隆治疗失眠症疗效确切,不良反应较地西泮少。     

百乐眠胶囊治疗失眠症的临床研究

目的评价百乐眠胶囊治疗失眠症的疗效。方法对40例失眠症患者进行开放性治疗,用睡眠评定量表(SDRS)进行疗效评价。结果治疗后1周和2周,患者SDRS评分中位数均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.01),2周时降低更明显(P<0.01)。1周时有效率为20%,2周时有效率为85%(P<0.01)。SDRS评定结果显示各临床表现均较治疗前明显好转(P<0.01)。结论百乐眠胶囊是治疗失眠症安全有效的药物。     

Efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended release in elderly primary insomnia patients.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended release for the treatment of primary insomnia in elderly patients. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted. A total of 205 (117 women, 88 men; mean age 70.2 +/- 4.5 years) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-defined primary insomnia patients were randomized to 3 weeks of nightly treatment with either zolpidem extended release 6.25 mg or placebo; 198 patients completed the study. RESULTS: Relative to placebo, zolpidem extended release 6.25 mg significantly decreased wake time after sleep onset during the first six hours of the night, as measured by polysomnogram (PSG). PSG latency to persistent sleep was reduced and PSG total sleep time was increased, both at nights 1/2 and 15/16. Patient self-report measures were significantly better with zolpidem extended-release 6.25 mg than with placebo throughout treatment. Some PSG measures indicated a worsening of sleep for a single night after abrupt discontinuation of zolpidem extended release. No next-morning residual effects were observed. The overall incidence and nature of adverse events was comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Zolpidem extended release 6.25 mg improved both sleep maintenance and sleep induction in elderly primary insomnia patients during three weeks of administration.     

齐拉西酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症对照研究

目的：探讨齐拉西酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症的临床疗效与安全性。方法：将64例首发精神分裂症患者随机分为齐拉西酮组32例与奥氮平组32例,治疗8周。采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定疗效,采用治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果：齐拉西酮组总有效率为84.4%,奥氮平组为87.5%,两组差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。齐拉西酮组主要不良反应是失眠,奥氮平组是体质量增加和血糖升高。结论：齐拉西酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症均有良好疗效,2药不良反应均较轻。     

Long-term, non-nightly administration of zolpidem in the treatment of patients with primary insomnia

INTRODUCTION: While it is common practice that hypnotics are used on a non-nightly basis, few investigations have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the intermittent dosing strategy. The present study was designed to further evaluate this issue within a large scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, long-term trial. METHOD: Patients who met DSM-IV criteria for primary insomnia participated in the study from January 2000 through October 2001. Patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups (zolpidem 10 mg or placebo) for a period of 12 weeks. Ten pills were provided in foil packs on an every-other-week basis, and patients were instructed to take no fewer than 3 and no more than 5 pills per week. Sleep was evaluated daily with sleep diaries. Pill use was recorded in the sleep diaries. RESULTS: 199 patients (mean +/- SD age = 41.0 +/- 12.8 years; 71% female) were randomly assigned to treatment. On mean, patients receiving zolpidem exhibited (vs. baseline) a 42% decrease in sleep latency, a 52% reduction in number of awakenings, a 55% decrease in wake time after sleep onset, and a 27% increase in total sleep time. These positive clinical gains did not diminish with time and were not associated with dose escalation. There was also no evidence of rebound insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: Over a period of 12 weeks of intermittent treatment with zolpidem, sleep continuity was significantly improved, the clinical gains were sustained, and there was no evidence of subjective rebound insomnia between doses or increases in the amount of medication used during the study interval.     

Efficacy and safety of zolpidem-MR: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in adults with primary insomnia

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of modified-release zolpidem (zolpidem-MR 12.5mg) for the treatment of primary insomnia in adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and twelve (123 women, 89 men; mean age 44.3+/-SD 3.0 years), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders--4th Edition (DSM-IV)-defined primary insomnia patients were randomized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. The study was completed by 192 patients. Patients received 3 weeks of nightly treatment with either zolpidem-MR 12.5mg or placebo, preceded and followed by two nights of single-blind placebo. The main outcome measures were mean polysomnographic (PSG) sleep parameters of nights 1/2 and nights 15/16 of double-blind treatment and daily subjective sleep estimates from sleep questionnaires to assess efficacy, and PSG parameters of nights 22 and 23 of single-blind placebo substitution to assess the effect of drug discontinuation. RESULTS: Relative to placebo, zolpidem-MR 12.5mg improved sleep maintenance by significantly reducing PSG wake time after sleep onset (WASO) during the first 6h of sleep as well as the number of awakenings. Consistent with the effects of standard zolpidem, zolpidem-MR also significantly reduced latency to persistent sleep, and significantly increased sleep efficiency, both at the beginning and after 2 weeks of double-blind treatment. There was no evidence of next-day residual effects as measured objectively by psychometric tests. Rebound insomnia on the first night after abrupt discontinuation resolved the following night. Overall, zolpidem-MR was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Zolpidem-MR 12.5mg is effective and safe in treating primary insomnia in adults and improves sleep maintenance, induction and duration of sleep.     

奥氮平与阿立哌唑治疗精神分裂症对照研究

目的:比较奥氮平与阿立哌唑治疗精神分裂症的疗效与安全性。方法:100例精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,每组各50例。分别给予奥氮平和阿立哌唑治疗,疗程8周。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、临床疗效总评量表疾病严重程度(CGI-SI)、治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:两组PANSS总分及CGI-SI评分均较治疗前显著下降(P均<0.01)。奥氮平组显效率76.0%,阿立哌唑组显效率72.0%,两组疗效相仿(P>0.05)。奥氮平组嗜睡、体质量增加、血脂升高的不良反应均明显高于阿立哌唑组(P<0.01);阿立哌唑组锥体外系反应、失眠、兴奋或激越均明显高于奥氮平组(P<0.01)。结论:奥氮平和阿立哌唑对精神分裂症的疗效相当,安全性较高。