微波消解-原子荧光法测定中药材中的砷

目的建立微波消解-原子荧光法测定中药材中砷的方法。方法中药材采用微波消解,双道氢化物发生原子荧光法测定样品中的砷。结果砷浓度在0～1600ug／L范围内与原子荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9988,方法检出限为0.0407ug／L,回收事为92.91％～97.33％。结论方法简便,快捷,准确,灵敏度高,应用双道氢化物发生原子荧光法可测定中药材中砷含量。     

微波消解-原子荧光法测定保健食品中的砷

目的建立微波消解-原子荧光法测定保健品中砷的方法。方法保健品采用微波消解,双道氢化物发生原子荧光法测定样品中的砷。结果砷浓度在0～200.0ug/L范围内与原子荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9995,方法检出限为0.0519ug/L,回收率为96.45%～105.86%。结论方法简便,快捷,准确,灵敏度高,应用双道氢化物发生原子荧光法可测定保健品砷含量。     

双道原子荧光法测定食品和化妆品及饮用水中砷和汞

目的建立一种快速消解并同时测定食品、化妆品、水;砷和汞的方法.方法食品、化妆品采用微波消解,水采用溴酸钾-溴化钾消解,双道氢化物发生原子荧光法同时测定样品中砷和汞. 结果方法检出限砷和汞分别为0.13、0.043μg/L,平均回收率分别为103.4%、94.4%,相对标准偏差分别为1.86%、3.20%. 结论方法简便,快捷,准确,灵敏度高,应用双道氢化物发生原子荧光法可同时测定食品、化妆品、水中砷和汞含量.     

微波消解-氢化物原子荧光测定酱油中总砷

目的 应用微波消解-氢化物原子荧光法测定酱油中总砷.方法 用微波消解对酱油进行消化,用原子荧光测定酱油中砷含量.结果 检出限0.06μg/L,测定精密度为0.43%和0.12%回收率94.9%～102.5%.结论 微波消解-氢化物原子荧光测定酱油中总砷,消化时间短、消解完全、结果 准确,能够很好的检测酱油中总砷.     

微波消解-原子荧光法测定化妆品中的汞

目的 建立微波消解-原子荧光法测定化妆品中汞的方法 .方法 化妆品采用微波消解,双道氢化物发生原子荧光法测定样品中的汞.结果 汞浓度在0～0.20 μg/L范围内与原子荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9991,方法 检出限为0.0066 μg/L,回收率为91.31%～96.77%.结论 方法 简便、快捷、准确、灵敏度高,应用双道氢化物发生原子荧光法可测定化妆品汞含量.     

微波消解氢化物原子荧光法测定人发中砷的含量

采用微波消解的方法在盐酸介质中用硫脲-抗坏血酸将五价砷还原成三价砷,利用原子荧光测定人发中砷的含量,此法简便快速,准确度高,精密度好,相对标准偏差为2.4%.     

微波消解一氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定中药材中铋含量

目的建立微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定中药材中铋的方法。方法中药材样品经硝酸-过氧化氢进行微波消解后,用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定其中铋含量,并对消解条件和分析条件进行了优化选择。结果铋在2.0-40.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9999,方法检出限为0.208μg/L,仪器测定铋标准溶液相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.86%,国家一级标准物质茶叶（GBW07605）中铋的测定结果与标准含量一致。样品加标回收率为87.9%-93.0%,样品测定的相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.2%-8.3%。结论该方法测定中药材中的铋简便快速,灵敏度高,结果准确可靠,易于推广普及。     

大米中砷的微波消解-原子荧光光谱测定法

原子荧光光谱法是检测砷元素的常规方法,其常用的前处理方法是湿法消解,消解时间长,试剂用量大,我们采用大米中砷的微波消解-原子荧光光谱法,解决了国标方法中的不足,简便、快速,节约了试剂和人力,适合于质检部门大批量的测定.     

微波消解原子荧光法测定食品中的砷

目的 建立微波消解原子荧光法测定食品中砷的方法.方法 采用微波消解处理样品,原子荧光法测定,进行了消解条件、仪器条件、精密度、回收率等实验. 结果 方法的检出限为1.68 ng/ml,在0.0028-0.05μg/ml范围内,相关系数r=0.9993, 回收率在92.4-101.4之间,相对标准偏差4.03%.结论 微波密闭消解样品,消化过程节约试剂,防止试样中待测元素的损失,干扰少,适用于食品中砷的测定.     

食品中微量硒、砷的微波溶样——原子荧光测定法

目的探讨微波溶样——原子荧光法测定食品硒、砷的方法。方法用微波消解法分解食品样品,用原子荧光分光光度法测定样品中硒、砷的含量。结果微波溶样——原子荧光法测定食品中的硒、砷,相对标准偏差分别为2.38%和2.86%;线性范围为(10.0～100.0)ng/ml;最低检出限均为0.47μg/L;平均回收率分别为97.1%和96.9%。结论本方法有良好的精密度和准确度,操作简单、快速、方便,可避免污染,减少损失,消解彻底,加入试剂少,空白值低,提高了方法的检出限,值得推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.