腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者临床护理路径的研究

目的 观察临床护理路径在腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者中的应用效果.方法 选择2009年5月至2010年6月连续收治的腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者236例,根据患者入院时间按随机数字表分为常规护理组(对照组)和临床护理路径组(CNP组)各118例,分别接受常规护理和依据临床护理路径的护理.记录、分析和比较2组患者健康知识掌握情况、护理满意度、手术时间、麻醉时间、住院时间和住院费用等的差异.结果 CNP组患者的健康知识掌握情况和护理满意度好于对照组;与对照组比较,CNP组麻醉时间、手术时间、住院时间和住院费用明显减少.结论 在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中实施临床护理路径可提高患者的健康知识水平和护理满意度,减少手术时间和住院时间,减轻医疗负担,效果良好.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effect of clinical nursing pathway(CNP) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy( LC ). Methods Two hundred and thirty six LC patients were enrolled from May 2009 to June 2010, and randomly divided into the traditional nursing group (the control group) and the clinical nursing pathway group (the CNP group) with 118 cases in each group.The health knowledge score, nursing service satisfaction, operation time, anesthesia time, hospital stay time and hospitalization cost were recorded and analyzed between the two groups. Results The scores of health knowledge and nursing service satisfaction in the CNP group were higher than the control group; compared with the control group, the CNP group had less operation time, anesthesia time, hospital stay time and hospitalization cost. Conclusions Clinical nursing pathway may improve health knowledge and nursing service satisfaction, decrease the operation time and hospital stay time, reduce the medical burden, has a better effect in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

临床护理路径在乳腺癌围手术期护理中应用的效果评价

目的 探讨临床护理路径在乳腺癌围手术期护理中的应用效果,特别是在乳腺癌术后及出院后患肢功能锻炼中的指导作用.方法 严格按照临床护理路径的准入和退出标准,选取普外科乳腺癌患者102例,按照入院单双日随机分为实验组50例和对照组52例.实验组采取临床护理路径指导下的"一线式"护理服务模式,对照组采用传统的整体护理模式.统计2组患者对疾病相关知识的掌握程度、出院后自护能力及患者对护理服务满意度,并进行统计分析.结果 实验组患者对围手术期相关知识的掌握程度和出院后自护能力评分明显高于对照组,且患者对护理服务满意度达98.92%,显著高于对照组.结论 临床护理路径指导下的"一线式"护理服务模式在乳腺癌患者围手术期护理中的应用,取得了良好的效果,督促了乳腺癌患者术后的患肢功能锻炼,促进了疾病的恢复,缩短了住院时间,节省了住院费用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of clinical nursing pathway (CNP) in perioperative nursing for breast cancer,especially the instructive important role in the rehabilitative excises postoperation and after discharge.Methods In accordance with the standard for the entry and exit of the CNP,102 patients with breast cancer were randomly divided into the experimental group (50 patients) and the control group (52 patients),the experimental group received the care of clinical nursing pathway and the control group received the traditional care.The effect of clinical nursing pathway on the following aspects such as the level of mastering knowledge about hospitalization,self-care ability after discharge,the degree of satisfaction about nursing were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the level of mastering knowledge about hospitalization and self-care ability after discharge in the experimental group were significantly better,the degree of satisfaction about nursing reached 98.92%,which was higher than that of the experimental group.Conclusions Application of the full care model with CNP demonstrated good effect on the perioperative nursing for breast cancer,it encourages patients to do the limb functional training,promotes the recovery of disease,and then shortens hospital stay and saves hospital costs.     

围手术期糖尿病患者应用胰岛素泵与多次皮下注射胰岛素的效果比较

目的:观察围手术期糖尿病患者应用胰岛素泵与多次皮下注射胰岛素治疗的效果比较.方法:将观察对象分为胰岛素泵治疗组(CSII组)20例和多次皮下胰岛素注射组(MSII组)22例,CSII组按糖尿病围手术期血糖控制目标行胰岛素泵持续皮下胰岛素注射,MSII组以(多次)皮下胰岛素注射调整血糖.比较两种治疗方法在控制血糖、血糖达标时间、术前准备时间、住院时间、低血糖发生率方面的差异.结果:CSII组血糖达标时间、术前准备时间、住院时间明显优于MSII组(P＜0.01),低血糖发生率也低于MSII组(P＜0.05).结论:胰岛素泵的应用能使糖尿病患者围手术期血糖迅速、平稳控制,且安全性高.     

改进三测单在创伤病房疼痛记录中的临床应用研究

Objective To investigate the effect of improved three-item nursing recording sheet on simplifying nursing record and pain management in trauma ward. Methods The patients involved two wards in our department were divided into control group and study group. Control group was adopted conventional nursing recording sheet to record pain information with words. In study group, the improved three - item nursing recording sheet added pain scoring column was used to record pain information through the curve form. The effect, satisfaction of pain control and nursing record costing time were compared between two groups. Results Satisfaction of patients in study group was better than control group ( P＜0.05 ) ; The effect of pain control in study group wassignificantly better than control group (P＜0.001 ) ; The time of nurse recording was reduced one-third. Conclusions The improved recording sheet can make doctors and nurses visually, dynamically know pain intensity and trends, make patients receive timely and effective treatment, promote patient satisfaction with pain control, save recording time. This method is suitable for the surgical department.     

改进三测单在创伤病房疼痛记录中的临床应用研究

Objective To investigate the effect of improved three-item nursing recording sheet on simplifying nursing record and pain management in trauma ward. Methods The patients involved two wards in our department were divided into control group and study group. Control group was adopted conventional nursing recording sheet to record pain information with words. In study group, the improved three - item nursing recording sheet added pain scoring column was used to record pain information through the curve form. The effect, satisfaction of pain control and nursing record costing time were compared between two groups. Results Satisfaction of patients in study group was better than control group ( P＜0.05 ) ; The effect of pain control in study group wassignificantly better than control group (P＜0.001 ) ; The time of nurse recording was reduced one-third. Conclusions The improved recording sheet can make doctors and nurses visually, dynamically know pain intensity and trends, make patients receive timely and effective treatment, promote patient satisfaction with pain control, save recording time. This method is suitable for the surgical department.     

快速康复外科护理在食管癌围术期的应用

目的 探讨快速康复外科(FTS)护理措施在食管癌患者围手术期的应用效果.方法 将156例接受择期手术的食管癌患者随机分为对照组(77例)和FTS组(79例).对照组采用传统的围手术期护理方案;FTS组采用快速康复围手术期护理方案,观察两组临床治疗效果和并发症发生情况.结果 与对照组相比,FTS组术后住院时间及静脉输液时间明显缩短,治疗费用减少,术后肠道排气时间提前,术后体重下降两组差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).FTS组术后并发症发生率少于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 FTS护理措施在食管癌患者围手术期应用安全、有效,可以加快肠道功能恢复、减少治疗费用、缩短住院时间,促进病人早期康复.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of fast track surgery pathway for perioperatinve nursing of esophageal tumor resections. Methods A total of 156 patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent colorectal esophagogartrectomy were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n=77) and fast track group ( n = 79) . The patients in control group were received conventional perioperative nursing care, while those in the FTS group were given fast track clinical nursing. Clinical therapeutic efficacy and complications were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with control group, FTS nursing group was associated with significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay and duration of intrvenous infusion, less medical cost and earlier postoperative passage of flatus and defecation,loss of body weight in postoperative was less in FTS group ( P ＜ 0.05) . The total morbidity or mortality of FTS were lower than those of control group ( P＜0.05). Conclusions FTS, nursing application in esophagogartrectomy are safe and efficient, and it can shorten postoperative hospital stay, reduce medical cost and accelarate recovery of gut function.     

叙事护理对乳腺癌患者术后焦虑抑郁情绪及病耻感的影响分析

【 】 Objective To analyze the influence of narrative nursing on the bad mood and stigma of breast cancer patients. Methods Taking August 2021 to August 2022 as the time line, 60 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital during this period were selected as the research object. According to the order of admission, the first 30 patients were classified as the control group, and the other 30 patients were classified as the experimental group. The control group was given routine nursing care, while the experimental group was given narrative nursing care, and the changes of adverse emotions between the two groups were compared. Results The nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Before nursing, there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). After nursing, both groups improved, and the effect of the experimental group was better (P < 0.05). Before nursing, there was no difference in the scores of anxiety and depression between the two groups (P > 0.05). After nursing, both groups improved, and the effect of the experimental group was better (P < 0.05). Conclusion Narrative nursing can effectively alleviate the anxiety and shame of breast cancer patients, which is worth applying.     

芬太尼透皮贴剂与盐酸哌替啶在恶性肿瘤患者术后镇痛中应用的效果评价及护理研究

目的 探讨比较芬太尼透皮贴剂与盐酸哌替啶在恶性肿瘤患者术后镇痛应用中的效果,并研究其护理方法.方法 选取2008年1月至2010年11月进行手术治疗的100例恶性肿瘤患者为研究对象,将其随机分为A组(芬太尼透皮贴剂组)和B组(盐酸哌替啶组)各50例,后将2组患者的术后2,4,8,24,48 h的VAS评分及不良反应发生率、患者满意度和手术前后的血清儿茶酚胺、糖皮质激素和血糖水平进行统计及比较,并对其采取相应的护理措施.结果 A组的术后2,4,8,24,48 h的VAS评分均优于B组,不良反应发生率低于B组,患者满意度高于B组,手术后血清儿茶酚胺、皮质醇和血糖水平均显著低于B组.结论 芬太尼透皮贴剂在恶性肿瘤患者术后镇痛应用中的效果更为稳定,广受患者好评,配合适当的护理效果明显.

Abstract：

Objective To study and compare the effects of Fentanyl transdermal pain patches and Pethidine in postoperative analgesia of malignant tumor and its nursing methods.Methods 100 patients with malignant tumor in our hospital from January 2008 to November 2010 were selected as research object,all the patients were randomly divided into group A (Fentanyl transdermal pain patches group) and group B (Pethidine group)with 50 cases in each group,then the VAS score 2,4,8,24 and 48h after the surgery,incidence of adverse reactions,satisfaction rate and serum catecholamine,cortisol,blood glucose before and after the surgery were analyzed and compared,and all the patients were given corresponding nursing measures.Results The VAS score of group A at 2,4,8,24 and 48h after the surgery were all better than those of group B,incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that of group B,satisfaction rate was higher than that of group B,serum catecholamine,cortisol,blood glucose after the surgery were all lower than those of group B,there were significant differences.Conclusions The effects of Fentanyl transdermal pain patches in postoperative analgesia of malignant tumor is stable,and it gets good reputation from the patients,the effects is obvious combined with nursing.     

早期护理干预对乳腺癌根治术后患侧上肢水肿恢复的影响

目的 探讨早期护理干预对乳腺癌根治术后患侧上肢水肿的恢复的效果,以及对患者的主观舒适度和患者对护理人员的服务质量的满意度的影响.方法 70例乳腺癌患者均为2007年1月至2010年1月住院患者,所有患者根据实施护理干预方法 的不同随机分为观察组和对照组各35例,观察组给予综合护理,包括心理护理、抬高患肢、加强手臂功能的锻炼、进行多种形式的有氧运动,压力手套及按摩、热敷、理疗、使用弹力绷带、出院指导等方面的护理.对照组只给予常规护理.比较2组护理效果、患者的主观舒适度及对护理人员的服务质量的满意度、术后水肿减轻及消失时间以及住院时间.结果 观察组的护理效果明显优于对照组,患者的主观舒适度及对护理人员的服务质量的满意度明显提高,且观察组术后水肿减轻及消失时间以及住院时间明显短于对照组.结论 通过对乳腺癌根治术后患肢肿胀患者采取早期护理干预措施,提高了患者的护理满意度,促进了患侧上肢水肿的减轻,减少了住院时间.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the early nursing intervention on recovery of upper limb edema after radical mastectomy, and subjective comfort of patients and satisfaction degree with the service quality of nursing staff. Methods 70 patients according to different methods of nursing intervention were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 35 patients in each group. The observation group was given comprehensive care, including psychological care, raising affected limb, strengthen the training arm function, conducting various forms of aerobic motion, pressure gloves and massage, hot packs, physical therapy, the use of elastic bandages, guidance and other aspects of hospital care. The control group only received routine care. The nursing effect, subjective comfort degree, satisfaction degree with the service quality, time of edema alleviation and disappearance and hospitalization time of two groups were compared. Results Compared with the control group, nursing effect of the observation group was better,subjective comfort of patients and the satisfaction degree with the quality of service significantly improved,and the time of edema alleviation and hospitalization time was significantly shorter, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Early implementation of nursing interventions for patients with limb swelling after radical operation of breast cancer can improve patients satisfaction degree, promote the recovery of upper limb edema, reduce hospital stay.     

护理干预对宫颈癌患者放疗后并发症的影响

Objective To investigate the nursing intervention on the complication after radiotherapy of cervical cancer patients.Methods A total of 130 cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy were randomly divided into two groups:control group was given conventional methods only treatment and care,while the observation group was given additional routine treatment and care according to the situation in which two radiation therapy in patients with stages of psychological nursing,health education,guidance,individualized care and symptomatic treatment intervention,and then the number of cases of complications for the patients as well as the degree of satisfaction were compared.Results After the first phase of the second phase,the incidence of complications was significantiy lower in observation group than that of the control group,the degree of satisfaction was significantly higher (P＜0.05) .Conclusions The implementation of nursing intervention for cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy can be effective in reducing the incidence of complications and improve patients' satisfaction.     

胰岛素泵在糖尿病围手术期临床应用研究

目的：研究糖尿病围手术期应用胰岛素泵持续皮下输注胰岛素的临床疗效。方法：68例糖尿病围手术期患者随机分为33例采用胰岛素泵持续皮下输注胰岛素治疗（CSII组）,对照组35例采用常规多次皮下注射胰岛素治疗（MSII组）,分别对术前、术后的相关指标进行对比研究。结果：治疗后两组各时点血糖均较治疗前显著下降（P〈0．01）。CSII组达到目标血糖所用的时间明显少于MSII组（2．9比7．2天）（P〈0．05）,血糖达标率优于MSII组（93．9％比77．1％）（P〈0．05）,低血糖发生率低于MSII组（9．1％比34．3％）（P〈0．01）。待手术时间（4．2比9．4天）和住院时间（16比24天）明显缩短（P〈0．05）,但两组住院总费用无差异（P〉0．05）。结论：CSII在糖尿病患者围手术期中应用疗效及安全性方面优于MSII。     

妇科恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病围手术期处理

目的 探索妇科恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者围手术期血糖控制的安全方法.比较胰岛素两种疗法对妇科恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者围手术期治疗效果.方法 对35例妇科恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者围手术期治疗进行回顾性分析,其中20例应用胰岛素泵(CSII)连续皮下给药,15例采用多次皮下胰岛素注射(MSII)给药方式.结果 两种疗法均能有效控制妇科恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者围手术期血糖.胰岛素泵连续注射比多次注射血糖达标时间短[CSII(4.20±1.22)dvs MSII(6.02±1.36)d,(P＜0.05)],低血糖发生率低[CSII10% vs MSII 33.33%,(P＜0.05)],术中及术后未进食阶段血糖波动小[CSII(5.26±1.08)vs MSII(7.38±3.04),(P＜0.05)],术后并发感染和切口愈合不良并发症少(CSII 5% vs MSII 20%,P＜0.05).结论 两种疗法均能有效控制妇科恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者围手术期血糖.CSII比MSII更快、更有效地控制高血糖,并减少低血糖和感染的发生率.     

短期应用胰岛素泵与多次皮下注射胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病疗效比较

目的比较多次皮下注射胰岛素与胰岛素泵强化治疗血糖控制欠佳的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的疗效。方法观察对象分为胰岛素泵治疗组(CSII组)40例和多次皮下胰岛素注射组(MSII组)40例,CSII组采用胰岛素泵持续皮下注射短效胰岛素,MSII组采用三餐前皮下注射短效,夜间10点注射甘精胰岛素,应用剂量根据监测血糖来调整。比较两种治疗方法在控制血糖有效率、血糖达标时间、胰岛素均日用量及低血糖发生率等的不同。结果两组降糖方案均有效,空腹血糖、餐后血糖均较治疗前明显下降,但CSII组血糖达标时间、血糖的稳定性均优于MSII组(P<0.01),平均日胰岛素使用量低于MSII组(P<0.05),低血糖发生率无明显差别(P>0.05)。结论胰岛素泵治疗的患者血糖可更快地较稳地达到预期目标,且安全性较好。     

胰岛素泵持续治疗急性脑出血患者高血糖状态

目的:比较胰岛素泵连续皮下输注胰岛素(CSII)与每日多次皮下注射胰岛素(MSII)对急性脑出血高血糖状态患者血糖控制及神经功能缺损改善的差异。方法:70例脑出血高血糖状态患者随机分为2组各35例,均接受急性脑出血常规处理,MSII组同时行MSII治疗,CSII组同时行CSII治疗,比较2组血糖控制情况,并于治疗前与治疗2周后使用美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评定2组神经功能。结果:与MSII组比较,CSII组血糖控制达到靶血糖值的时间缩短、胰岛素用量及低血糖的发生次数减少(P<0.05);2组治疗后NIHSS评分和死亡率均明显降低(P<0.05),而以CSII组更显著(P<0.01)。结论:与MSII比较,CSII更适用于治疗急性脑出血合并高血糖状态,能更有效地控制高血糖,改善神经功能。     

2型糖尿病病人围手术期应用胰岛素泵输注诺和锐控制高血糖的临床研究

目的通过研究胰岛素泵持续皮下注射速效人胰岛素类似物（诺和锐）对2型糖尿病病人围手术期血糖的控制情况,探讨糖尿病病人围手术期最佳的血糖控制方法及药物。方法选择60例住院手术的2型糖尿病病人,随机血糖均〉20mmol／L,按照自愿的原则分为两组,A组采用诺和锐CSII治疗,B组采用多次皮下胰岛素注射治疗（MSII）,观察每组病人治疗前后及两组间治疗后各项临床指标变化。结果两组病人治疗后血糖都明显下降（P〈0．01）,诺和锐CSII组餐后2h血糖明显低于MSII组（P〈0．01）,术中血糖明显低于MSII组（P〈0．01）,胰岛素用量也少于MSII组（P〈0．01）。诺和锐CSII组达到血糖良好指标的时间及平均术前住院天数也少于后者（P〈0．01）。低血糖发生也较少。结论胰岛素泵持续皮下注射诺和锐能迅速、有效、安全、平稳地控制全天血糖,明显优于传统皮下多次注射胰岛素,是2型糖尿病病人围手术期控制血糖强化治疗的首选方案及药物。     

胰岛素泵治疗糖尿病合并感染患者的临床疗效

[目的]探讨胰岛素泵治疗在糖尿病合并感染治疗中的效果及安全性.[方法]糖尿病合并感染患者68例,分为两组：胰岛素泵持续皮下输注治疗36例（CSII组）,多次胰岛素皮下注射治疗32例（MSII组）.比较两组患者治疗后血糖变化及血糖达标时间、胰岛素用量、低血糖发生率、住院总天数等的差异.[结果]治疗后两组患者血糖均明显下降（P〈0.01）,CSII组对空腹血糖的控制优于MSII组（P〈0.05）,血糖达标时间、胰岛素用量、低血糖发生率均低于MSII组（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）.[结论]在糖尿病合并感染患者应用胰岛素泵治疗可迅速控制血糖,缩短血糖达标时间,减少低血糖的发生.     

胰岛素泵治疗糖尿病的临床疗效观察

目的比较持续皮下胰岛素输注(CSII)法和传统的多次皮下注射胰岛素治疗法对1型和2型糖尿病患者的短期疗效。方法糖尿病患者64例(1型糖尿病18例,2型糖尿病46例),随机分为CSII组和对照组,CSII组给予胰岛素泵持续皮下注射短效诺和灵,对照组于三餐前皮下注射短效诺和灵和睡前注射中效诺和灵。结果两组达到相同的血糖水平时,CSII组所需的治疗时间、胰岛素用量以及低血糖发生率明显减少(P<0.05)。结论胰岛素泵强化治疗能更有效地模拟生理胰岛素的分泌,更快、更有效地控制高血糖,减少血糖波动和低血糖的发生。     

胰岛素泵在2型糖尿病患者骨科围手术期的应用研究

目的 比较2型糖尿病患者骨科围手术期不同胰岛素治疗方法的疗效及安全性。方法骨科围手术期2型糖尿病患者60例，分为胰岛素泵持续皮下输注组（CSⅡ组30例）和多次皮下注射胰岛素组（MSⅡ组30例）。比较两种方法在控制血糖、血糖控制时间、胰岛素用量、低血糖发生率、切口感染等方面的差异。结果两组患者经胰岛素治疗后各点血糖均较治疗前明显下降（P〈0．05），CSⅡ组对空腹血糖、餐后血糖的控制优于MSⅡ组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05），术前血糖控制的时间、住院总天数及低血糖发生率、切口感染率均低于MSⅡ组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论围手术期CSⅡ能快速有效地控制血糖，缩短术前血糖控制时间及住院总天数，低血糖及切口感染、延迟愈合等并发症的发生显著减少。因此，胰岛素泵持续皮下输注用于围手术期的血糖控制比多次皮下注射胰岛素更快速、有效、安全。     

胰岛素泵治疗初诊2型糖尿病的疗效评价

目的:观察胰岛素泵对初诊2型糖尿病的疗效。方法:选取80例初诊2型糖尿病随机分为短期持续皮下注射胰岛素泵(CSII)组及皮下注射胰岛素(MSII)组。结果:提示CSII组及MSII组治疗均可有效降低血糖,但前者显著优于MSII组(P<0.01),两组均可改善初诊2型糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能,减轻胰岛素抵抗,CSII组较MSII组效果好(P<0.01)。结论:胰岛素泵可迅速有效使初诊2型糖尿病患者血糖达标,消除高血糖的毒性作用,缩短血糖达标天数,减少胰岛素用量,降低低血糖发生率,可延缓胰岛β细胞功能的衰退。     

2型糖尿病患者两种胰岛素强化治疗效果的比较

目的比较胰岛素泵持续皮下注射胰岛素（CSII）与多次皮下注射胰岛素（三餐前超短效胰岛素＋甘精胰岛素,MSII）对短病程的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者治疗后的效果差异。方法52例短病程T2DM患者随机分为CSII（n=29）和MSII（n=23）两组,入院即开始强化降糖治疗,同时服用二甲双胍,疗程为2周,出院后随访1个月。结果CSII组血糖达标时间为（4．70±2．01）d,明显短于MSII组（6．90±1．50）d,两组之间差异有统计学意义（t=2．056,P〈0．05）。CSII组餐后2hC肽治疗前后分别为（4．24±0．25）、（6．29±0．56）ng／L,MSII组餐后2hC肽治疗前后分别为（3．20±0．11）、（7．33±0．41）ng／L,两组餐后2hC肽水平治疗后均较人院时明显增高（t值分别为2．018、2．436,P均〈0．05）,但两组之间差异无统计学意义（t=0．985,P〉0．05）。CSII组19例（65．5％）完全脱离胰岛素治疗;MSII组9例（39．1％）完全脱离胰岛素治疗,两组差异有统计学意义（x2=5．11,P〈0．05）。结论两种强化降糖方案均可使血糖在短时间内达标、胰岛功能不同程度的恢复,但CSII较MSII起效更快,更加有利于短期内脱离胰岛素的治疗。