THE EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF BUPLEURUM AND CITRUS ON GASTRO-INTESTINAL MOTILITY

Objective To compare the efficiency of the different varieties of Bupleurum and Citrus for chinical application and to investigate their mechanisms for clinical application.Methods With oral Blue Dextran 2000 as a marker, mice gastro-intestinal motility was studied with two varieties of Bupleurm and Citrus separately, viz: BcDC, BsW, Ca, and Cs. Gastric emptying time(GET) was evaluated and plasma motilin level was detected in 15 healthy volunteers who had taken daily the mixture of BcDC and Ca for 7 days.Results BcDC and Ca had obvious enhancing effects on gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsive function, while the effect of BsW and Cs showed no difference in negative control group (P>0.05). The GET of 15 healthy persons was shortened and their plasma motilin level was increased after they had taken the mixture for 7 days successively.Conclusion Decoctum of BcDC, Ca, and BcDC with Ca together proved to be strong promoters on gastrointestinal motility and their mechanism was probably by increasing the endogenous plasma motilin level.     

DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF MOTILINAGONISTS．

ＤＩＳＣＯＶＥＲＹＡＮＤＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＭＯＴＩＬＩＮＡＧＯＮＩＳＴＳ．ＺｅｎＩｔｏｈ．ＧＩＬａｂ，ＧｕｎｍａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｍａｅｂａｓｈｉ，Ｊａｐａｎ．Ｔｈｅｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｔａｌｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｙａｔｏｕｒｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｔｈ...     

STUDIES AND APPLICATION OF PYRCTHROID TREATED BEDNETS FOR CONTROL OF MALARIA VECTORS INP．R．CHINA

ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＡＮＤＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＰＹＲＣＴＨＲＯＩＤＴＲＥＡＴＥＤＢＥＤＮＥＴＳＦＯＲＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＭＡＬＡＲＩＡＶＥＣＴＯＲＳＩＮＰ．Ｒ．ＣＨＩＮＡＰａｎＢｏ，ＬｉＺｕ－ｚｉ，ＨｕａｎｇＱｉ－ＬｉｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰａｒａｓ...     

SPECTR ALANALYSIS OF ELECTROGASTROGRAMANDITSCLINICALSIGNIFICANCE．

ＳＰＥＣＴＲＡＬＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＧＡＳＴＲＯＧＲＡＭＡＮＤＩＴＳＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥ．ＪｉａｎｄｅＣｈｅｎ，Ｐｈ．Ｄ．ＴｈｏｍａｓＮ．ＬｙｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｆｏｒＨｅａｌｔｈｃａｒｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈ，Ｏｋｌａｈ...     

CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROGASTROGRAPHY．

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＧＡＳＴＲＯＧＲＡＰＨＹ．ＫｅｎｎｅｔｈＬ．Ｋｏｃｈ，Ｍ．Ｄ．ＧａｓｔｒｏｅｎｔｅｒｏｌｏｇｙＤｉｖｉｓｉｏｎ，ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ＴｈｅＰｅｎｓｙｌｖａｎｉａＳｔａｔ...     

IN VIVO AND IN VITRO ENCYSTMENT OF ECHINOCHASMUS LILIPUTANUS CERCARIAE AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE METACERCARIAE

Aim To explore if Echinochasmus liliputanus cercariae can develop into metacercariae both invivo and in vitro and biological activity of the metacercariae,then to determine the effects of silver ni-trate on eereariae encystation in vitro.Methods Cereariae of Echinochasmus liliputanus from Bellamyaaeruginosa snails treated with or without silver nitrate were used to infected goldfish,the second inter-mediate host,or to incubated in many different solutions for 24 h to record the encystation rates.Themetacercariae formed both in vivo and in vitro were then used to infected New Zealand rabbits to testtheir infectivity to its definitive hosts or to exeyst in 0.1% sodium deoxycholate excystation medium at37℃ for 1 h.Results In vivo encystment of cercariae occurred in the gills of goldfish.However,thecercariae were also able to encyst in vitro in Locke's solution,NaCl solution,artificial gastric juice orhuman gastric juice with eneystation rates of 74.28 %,44.94 %,8.37 % and 10.79 %.0.7×-1.2×Locke's or 0.7%-1.2% NaCl solution was shown to be appropriate for in vitro encystment to occurwithin 24 hour,however,full- strength Locke's solution was shown to be optimal.The one- day- oldencysted metacereariae formed in vivo showed 88.53 % exeystation when treated in 0.1% sodium de-oxycholate exeystation medium at 37℃ for 1h.The metacercariae formed in vitro,however,showed88.60% and 84.95% excystation for normal and abnormal ones respectively.While abnormal cysts atroom temperature usually die within 10 days,about 70% normal cyst,both in vivo and in vitro,canstill excyst after stored in 0.5×Locke's at 4℃ for 3 mouths.Cysts formed in vivo and in vitro were e-qually infective to rabbits.1 uM silver nitrate had a dramatic effect on the cercariae encysting in vitro.When treated with silver nitrate,the cereariae encystation rates decreased to 16.25% in Locke's solu-tion and 6.69% in NaCl solution,however,the encystment was largely restored wben the cercariaewere washed to remove Ag .Conclusion The finding of E.liliputanus cercariae encysting in vitro,especially in human gastric juice,might be helpful in elucidating mechanisms of the definitive hosts in-fected by the cercariae directly.The encystment of the cercariae in vitro could be inhibited when thecercariae were treated with 1 uM silver nitrate.As silver nitrate binds to the papillae,especially to theciliated papillae,on the cercarial surface,it is suggested that papillar chemoreceptors may be involved inencystment of the cercariae.     

EFFICACY OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN DIFFERENTIATING PATHOGENIC AND NONPATHOGENIC STRAINS OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA AND IN STUDYING THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AMOEBIASIS

用福尔马林固定粪便标本，从中抽提ＤＮＡ。采用两对可区别溶组织内阿米巴致病与非致病的引物进行ＰＣＲ扩增。３２例经镜检证实的溶组织内阿米巴带囊者均呈ＰＣＲ阳性反应，其中６例（１８．８％）仅对致病性引物、２５例（７８．１％）仅对非致病性引物显示阳性反应，１例（３．１％）则对致病及非致病引物均呈阳性反应。致病性ＰＣＲ阳性者与受试者的临床表现（腹泻或痢疾粪便）密切相关（ＯＲ＝３１．５）。所有对照者（粪便中无溶组织内阿米巴）均呈ＰＣＲ阴性反应。用ＰＣＲ，镜检及ＥＬＩＳＡ方法对一组人（４０例）进行阿米巴流行病学检测。粪检阳性率７．６％、ＰＣＲ阳性率２０％、ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性率２５％，由于ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性者尚包括既往感染，故在３种方法中ＰＣＲ是确定现症感染最敏感和特异的方法。ＰＣＲ技术也是鉴别溶组织内阿米巴致病性、诊断阿米巴病和进行流行病学研究的有效工具。     

THE CANCER BIOLOGY OF GASTRIN AND CHOLECYSTOKININ

INTRODUCTION Most growth factors of interest in cancerbiology have been discovered in recent de-cades.Gastrin and cholecystokinin(CCK)aredifferent.They were discovered in the begin-ning of this century,gastrin as an acidstimulating factor in the antral part of thestomach; CCK as a gallbladder emptying     

THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GASTRICDYSRHYTHMIAS．

ＴＨＥＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥＯＦＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＤＹＳＲＨＹＴＨＭＩＡＳ．ＣｈｕｎｇＯｕｙａｎｇ，Ｍ．Ｄ．ＤｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｏｆＧａｓｔｒｏｅｎｔｅｒｏｌｏｇｙ．Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＩｎｔｅｒｎａｌＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ．ＭｅｄｉｃａｌＣｅｎｔｅｒ...     

HORMONAL REGULATION OF GASTRIC EMPTYINGANDITSAPPLICATIONINTHETHERAPYOFGASTROPARESIS．

ＨＯＲＭＯＮＡＬＲＥＧＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＥＭＰＴＹＩＮＧＡＮＤＩＴＳＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＴＨＥＴＨＥＲＡＰＹＯＦＧＡＳＴＲＯＰＡＲＥＳＩＳ．ＴＬ．Ｐｅｅｔｅｒｓ，Ｍ．Ｄ．ＧｕｔＨｏｒｍｏｎｅＬａｂ，Ｌｅｕｖｅｎ，Ｂｅｌｇｉｕｍ．Ｔ...     

EFFECT OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS ONGASTROINTESTINALMOTILITY．

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＰＳＹＣＨＯＥＭＯＴＩＯＮＡＬＳＴＲＥＳＳＯＮＧＡＳＴＲＯＩＮＴＥＳＴＩＮＡＬＭＯＴＩＬＩＴＹ．ＭｉｃｈｉｏＨｏｎｇｏ，ＳｈｉｎＦｕｋｕｄｏ，ＴａｉｓｕｋｅＮｏｍｕｒａ．ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｓｙｃｈｏｓｏｍａｔｉｃＭｅｄｉｃｉ...     

DISEASES OF ENTERIC PEPTIDERGIC NEURONS．

ＤＩＳＥＡＳＥＳＯＦＥＮＴＥＲＩＣＰＥＰＴＩＤＥＲＧＩＣＮＥＵＲＯＮＳ．Ｙｕａｎ＿ＦａｎｇＣｈｅｎ，ＭＤ．ＰｅｋｉｎｇＵｎｉｏｎＭｅｄｉｃａｌＣｏｌｅｇｅ．ＴｈｅＥｎｔｅｒｉｃＮｅｒｖｏｕｓＳｙｓｔｅｍ（ＥＮＳ）ＥＮＳｉｓｔｈｅｐａｒｔｏｆｉｎｔｒｉ...     

TOWARDS THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISMSOFFAECALINCONTINENCE．

ＴＯＷＡＲＤＳＴＨＥＵＮＤＥＲＳＴＡＮＤＩＮＧＯＦＴＨＥＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＳＭＳＯＦＦＡＥＣＡＬＩＮＣＯＮＴＩＮＥＮＣＥ．ＷｅｉＭｉｎｇＳｕｎＭ．Ｄ．，ＰｈＤ．ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ＲｏｙａｌＡｄｅｌａｉｄｅＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，Ｕｎｉｖ...     

THE SPINAL CONTROL OF ANORECTAL FUNCTION．

ＴＨＥＳＰＩＮＡＬＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＡＮＯＲＥＣＴＡＬＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ．ＷｅｉＭｉｎｇＳｕｎＭ．Ｄ．，ＰｈＤ．ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＡｄｅｌａｉｄｅ，ＡｕｓｔｒａｌｉａＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｉｎｇｏｆｄｅｆａｅｃａ...     

EFFECT OF ALPHAMETHRIN ON ESTERASE ISOZYME IN LARVAE OF ANOPHELES STEPHENSI AND ANOPHELES ANTHROPOPHAGUS

分别用０。６９７ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１．３９３ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ顺式氯氰菊酯处理斯氏按蚊和嗜人按蚊３龄幼虫，采用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ测定其４龄幼虫酯酶同工酶。与对照组相比，两种蚊幼虫酯酶同工酶均发生明显变化，表明顺式氯氰菊酯对两种蚊幼虫酯酶同工酶均有明显影响。     

THE ROLE OF SLEEP IN THE PATHOGENESISOFGASTROESOPHAGEALREFLUX．

ＴＨＥＲＯＬＥＯＦＳＬＥＥＰＩＮＴＨＥＰＡＴＨＯＧＥＮＥＳＩＳＯＦＧＡＳＴＲＯＥＳＯＰＨＡＧＥＡＬＲＥＦＬＵＸ．ＷｉｌｉａｍＣ．Ｏｒｒ，Ｐｈ．Ｄ．ＩＮＴＥＧＲＩＳＢａｐｔｉｓｔＭｅｄｉｃａｌＣｅｎｔｅｒ．ＯｋｌａｈｏｍａＣｉｔｙ，Ｏｋｌａｈｏｍａ，Ｕ...     

REGULATION OF GI MOTOR FUNCTION：ROLEOFBRAINPEPTIDES．

ＲＥＧＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＧＩＭＯＴＯＲＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ：ＲＯＬＥＯＦＢＲＡＩＮＰＥＰＴＩＤＥＳ．Ｖ．ＭａｒｔｉｎｅｚａｎｄＹ．Ｔａｃｈｅ，ＣＵＲＥ：ＤｉｓｅａｅｓＲｅｓｅｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒ，ＷｅｓｔＬｏｓＡｎｇｅｌｅｓＶＡＭｅｄｉｃａｌＣｅｎｔｅｒ．...