促性腺激素素释放激素激动剂治疗子宫腺肌病合并不孕

目的：探讨促性腺激素素释放激素激动剂（GnRH-a)对子宫腺肌症合并不孕的方法。方法：对12例子宫腺肌症合并不孕者行GnRH-a治疗,同时加用甾体激素“反加疗法”,部分病例应用辅助生殖技术,治疗前后用B超、核磁共振（MRI）、血清CA125和生殖激素（FSH、LH、E2）及骨密度（BMD）测定。结果：治疗后痛经症状缓解,B超和MRI提示子宫肌腺病病灶基本消退,子宫大小83．33％（10／12）恢复正常,血CA125、FSH、LH、E2水平显著降低（P＜0．01）,腰椎BMD无明显变化（P＞0．05）,妊娠率达75．0％。结论GnRH-a是治疗子宫腺肌病合并不孕的一种有效方法。     

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗不孕症合并子宫腺肌病

目的 探讨促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-α)对不孕症合并子宫腺肌病的疗效。方法 对12例不孕症合并子宫腺肌病行GnRH-a治疗,每月肌注抑那通3.75mg,连用6个月,同时加用利维爱作“反向添加治疗法”;停用GnRH-a后,部分病例应用促排卵和官腔内受精(IUI)。治疗前、后分别进行B超、核磁共振(MRI)检查,血清CA_(125)、生殖激素(FSH、LH、E_2)及骨密度(BMD)测定。结果 治疗后痛经等症状缓解,B超和MRI提示子宫腺肌病病灶基本消退,子宫大小恢复正常占83.33％(10/12),血CA_(125)、FSH、LH、E_2水平显著降低(P<0.01),腰椎BMD无明显变化(P>0.05),妊娠率达75.0％。结论 CnRH-α是治疗不孕症合并子宫腺肌病的一种有效方法,辅助诱导排卵和IUI,妊娠率进一步提高;应用GnRH-α时,可加用适量的激素补充疗法。     

子宫腺肌病合并不孕患者的生殖预后及助孕策略

在子宫结构异常疾病中,子宫腺肌病在育龄妇女中有较高的发病率。随着影像技术和治疗水平的提高,越来越多的研究表明子宫腺肌病可能影响育龄妇女的生育能力。子宫腺肌病合并不孕的机制尚不明确,子宫内膜容受性异常、子宫结合带的结构异常、免疫功能异常等可能是子宫腺肌病患者生育能力低下的原因。希望保留生育能力的主要治疗方案有药物治疗、辅助生殖技术(ART)和手术切除子宫腺肌病灶。目前,ART可以改善子宫腺肌病合并不孕症患者的妊娠结局,促性腺激素释放激素类似物对生殖有积极的影响,在子宫腺肌病合并不孕症应用中有很重要的价值。综述子宫腺肌病合并不孕症影响生育的可能机制、生殖结局及治疗策略以探讨子宫腺肌病与不孕的关系。     

子宫腺肌病合并不孕患者的生殖预后及助孕策略

在子宫结构异常疾病中，子宫腺肌病在育龄妇女中有较高的发病率。随着影像技术和治疗水平的提高，越来越多的研究表明子宫腺肌病可能影响育龄妇女的生育能力。子宫腺肌病合并不孕的机制尚不明确，子宫内膜容受性异常、子宫结合带的结构异常、免疫功能异常等可能是子宫腺肌病患者生育能力低下的原因。希望保留生育能力的主要治疗方案有药物治疗、辅助生殖技术（ART）和手术切除子宫腺肌病灶。目前，ART可以改善子宫腺肌病合并不孕症患者的妊娠结局，促性腺激素释放激素类似物对生殖有积极的影响，在子宫腺肌病合并不孕症应用中有很重要的价值。综述子宫腺肌病合并不孕症影响生育的可能机制、生殖结局及治疗策略以探讨子宫腺肌病与不孕的关系。     

超声检查及血清CA125测定诊断子宫腺肌病的评价

目的探讨超声检查及血清癌抗原125(CA125)测定对子宫腺肌病的诊断价值.方法通过对120例疑为子宫腺肌病或子宫肌瘤患者,行术前腹部B超和血清CA125测定;术后切下组织送病理学检查确诊并与之对照.结果经术后病理学证实子宫腺肌病组术前血清CA125检测敏感度73.8%, 特异度73.5%; B超诊断该病的敏感度55.4%, 特异度64.8%; 以两种方法联合检测均阳性为诊断标准, 则敏感度52.5%, 特异度94.1%.结论测定血清CA125水平,对子宫腺肌病是较好的辅助诊断指标;B超检查对该病有一定诊断价值;两者联合检测能提高诊断的正确性,且方法简便、快捷、无创伤,是目前较为实用的诊断方法.     

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗子宫腺肌病26例疗效观察

目的探讨促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRHa)治疗子宫腺肌病的临床疗效。方法2003年1月至2004年1月广州市第一人民医院对26例子宫腺肌病患者予GnRHa3.6mg皮下注射,每4周1次,同时加用利维爱1.25mg/d口服,两者均连用6个月。治疗前后观察月经量、痛经程度及子宫体积等变化,并进行血癌抗原(CA125)、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)及性激素水平测定。结果治疗后随访6个月,26例患者中20例月经量明显减少;痛经程度分级明显降低,痛经缓解率达100%;子宫体积平均缩小56%;血清CA125、EMAb及性激素水平均显著降低;10例不孕患者中治疗后,妊娠率达50%。结论GnRHa能有效控制子宫腺肌病症状,提高妊娠率,并可诱导围绝经期妇女闭经。     

子宫腺肌病相关性不孕的发病机制及治疗进展

子宫腺肌病在育龄期女性中的发病率越来越高,子宫腺肌病导致不孕的机制尚未完全明确,解剖结构异常、病理生理改变、子宫内膜容受性受损等均可能影响子宫腺肌病的生殖能力。目前临床上尚无规范的诊疗标准,现有的治疗手段包括药物治疗、手术切除病灶以及辅助生殖技术等。单纯的药物治疗对改善妊娠结局的作用较小,手术切除病灶后发生不良产科结局的风险较高,促性腺激素释放激素激动剂和/或曼月乐预联合辅助生殖技术能较为有效的改善子宫腺肌病相关性不孕患者的生殖结局。本文旨在综述影响子宫腺肌病相关性不孕的可能因素以及现有的治疗策略。     

腹腔镜下子宫腺肌病病灶切除术联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗子宫腺肌病的疗效观察

目的:探讨腹腔镜下子宫腺肌病病灶切除术联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗子宫腺肌病的临床疗效及安全性。方法:对59例子宫腺肌病患者行腹腔镜下子宫腺肌病病灶切除术治疗,其中术后自愿接受GnRH-a治疗的38例患者为实验组,未接受GnRH-a治疗的21例患者为对照组。首次用药(术后第1个月)后1、3、6、12个月监测子宫体积、痛经程度、月经量、血清CA125水平、血红蛋白(Hb)量及副反应的发生。结果:对照组随访至12个月时,痛经改善情况较随访第1个月时显著减弱(χ2=4.50,P=0.034),但与术前痛经情况比较仍有显著改善(χ2=4.20,P=0.040)。实验组和对照组的子宫体积在随访6、12个月时差异有统计学意义(P0.05),经量过多及痛经改善情况在随访12个月时出现显著性差异(χ12=4.89,P1=0.027;χ2=8.76,P=0.033),而CA125水平在随访3个月时已出现显著性差异(P0.05);两组的贫血改善情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗过程中,实验组需反向添加治疗患者共17例,添加治疗后,E2水平均维持在110~165pmol/L,潮热出汗、骨关节痛等围绝经期症状均得到不同程度的改善。结论:腹腔镜下子宫腺肌病病灶切除术可有效缓解患者的症状,术后联合GnRH-a治疗后可获得更满意的近期效果,且用药后出现的围绝经期症状经反向添加治疗后均可得到不同程度的改善,值得临床推广。     

血清及腹腔液CA125测定对子宫腺肌病的诊断价值

目的探讨血清及腹腔液CA125测定对子宫腺肌病的诊断价值.方法采用免疫化学发光法测定28例子宫腺肌病和25例子宫肌瘤患者血清及腹腔液(110稀释)CA125水平.结果子宫腺肌病患者血清CA125水平高于子宫肌瘤患者,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).两组间腹腔液CA125水平差异无显著性(P=0.18).腹腔液CA125水平明显高于血清CA125水平(P＜0.01),但二者无明显相关性(P＞0.50).腺肌病患者血清CA125水平受子宫大小、大体病理类型、使用性激素等因素影响.结论如用于子宫腺肌病的辅助诊断,血清CA125测定较腹腔液CA125测定敏感.腹腔液中CA125的主要来源可能为腹膜上皮细胞.     

阴道超声对诊断治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的价值

目的探讨阴道超声及血清CA125测定对诊断治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的价值。方法对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病患者631例进行回顾性分析，术前均经阴道超声检查，部分患者进行了血清CA125测定。结果阴道超声检查卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿符合率98．7％；子宫腺肌病符合率91．7％；卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并子宫腺肌病符合率95．1％。血清CA125检查卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿，阳性率39．4％；子宫腺肌病阳性率52．2％；卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并子宫腺肌病阳性率59．2％。结论阴道超声可做为较准确诊断卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的首选方法。阴道超声下囊肿穿刺是治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的简便、有效的方法之一。血清CA125测定可做为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的协助诊断方法，应进一步完善对照组的研究。     

Symptoms associated with vaginal colonization with yeast

We correlated vulvovaginal symptoms with vaginal cultures for yeast in healthy female college students. Yeasts were isolated from 42 (29.2%) of 144 women. Only four (22%) of 18 women with positive fungal cultures had fungal elements visualized microscopically in vaginal material suspended in 10% potassium hydroxide (potassium hydroxide wet preparations). Symptoms, mainly vulvovaginal itching and irritation, were reported by 28 (67%) of 42 women whose cultures contained yeast and by 22 (22%) of 102 women who were not colonized by yeast (p less than 0.01). We conclude that vaginal colonization by yeasts is commonly associated with vulvovaginal symptoms, often in the absence of positive potassium hydroxide wet preparation results. These data suggest that vaginal specimens from women who have vulvovaginal symptoms and negative potassium hydroxide wet preparation results should be cultured for fungi before the diagnosis of fungal vulvovaginitis is excluded.     

Immune function in patients with ovarian carcinoma treated with irradiation or with cytostatics

The immunocompetence of 25 patients with ovarian cancer was followed up during and after radiation or chemotherapy, by using the number of lymphocytes, E-rosette-forming cells, and mitogen responses as parameters. In comparison with chemotherapy, the irradiation caused a profound and permanent immunosuppression. In patients treated with chemotherapy, the number of E-rosette-forming cells and the mitogen responses were fewer in the patients who developed recurrence or dissemination.     

Magnesium intoxication in women with preeclampsia with severe features treated with magnesium sulfate

ABSTRACT

Objective

To evaluate the maternal-neonatal outcome in magnesium (Mg)-intoxicated women with preeclampsia with severe features (PESF) treated with magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄).     

Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage with vaginal birth

A case-control study was performed to study risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage. Cases of hemorrhage were defined by a hematocrit decrease of 10 points or more between admission and post-delivery or by the need for red-cell transfusion. Patients with antenatal bleeding were excluded. Among 9598 vaginal deliveries, postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 374 cases (3.9%). Three controls were matched to each case and multiple logistic regression was used to control for covariance among predictor variables. Factors having a significant association with hemorrhage were prolonged third stage of labor (adjusted odds ratio 7.56), preeclampsia (odds ratio 5.02), mediolateral episiotomy (4.67), previous postpartum hemorrhage (3.55), twins (3.31), arrest of descent (2.91), soft-tissue lacerations (2.05), augmented labor (1.66), forceps or vacuum delivery (1.66), Asian (1.73) or Hispanic (1.66) ethnicity, midline episiotomy (1.58), and nulliparity (1.45). These data may help predict postpartum hemorrhage and may be useful in counseling patients about the advisability of home delivery, intravenous access in labor, or autologous blood donation.