表达性艺术治疗对抑郁症残留症状疗效随机对照研究

目的 探讨艾司西酞普兰合并表达性艺术治疗对于抑郁症残留症状的疗效.方法 60例单用艾司西酞普兰治疗6周后存在残留症状的抑郁症患者被随机分为研究组（n=30）和对照组（n=30）,分别给予为期4周的艾司西酞普兰合并表达性艺术治疗和单用艾司西酞普兰治疗.在基线期和4周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton DepressionScale-17,HAMD-17）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA）评定疗效.结果 基线期研究组和对照组HAMD-17、HAMA评分无统计学差异（P＞0.05）;治疗后第4周末,研究组HAMD-17减分显著高于对照组（P =0.009）,研究组HAMA减分显著高于对照组（P =0.000）.结论 艾司西酞普兰合并表达性艺术治疗较单用艾司西酞普兰能更好地改善抑郁症的残留症状.     

艾司西酞普兰联合团体人际心理治疗对老年抑郁症患者社会功能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰联合团体人际心理治疗对老年抑郁症患者社会功能及生活质量的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将84例符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)抑郁发作和复发性抑郁障碍诊断标准的患者分为研究组和对照组各42例,两组均接受艾司西酞普兰治疗,研究组在此基础上接受每周一次的团体人际心理治疗,两组均治疗12周。于治疗前和治疗12周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版(HAMD-17)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)进行评定。结果治疗后两组HAMD-17和SDSS评分均较治疗前低,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01);研究组HAMD-17和SDSS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01);两组GQOLI-74评分均较治疗前高,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01);治疗后研究组GQOLI-74总评分、社会功能和心理功能维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01)。结论艾司西酞普兰联合团体人际心理治疗较单用艾司西酞普兰可能更有助于改善老年抑郁症患者的抑郁症状和社会功能,提高其生活质量。     

草酸艾司西酞普兰联合经颅磁刺激对青壮年卒中后抑郁的治疗研究

目的 探讨经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗青壮年卒中后抑郁(PSD)的治疗效果。方法 选取2021年6月至2023年7月就诊于保定市第一中心医院与河北省第六人民医院的的青壮年PSD患者共106例,随机分为草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗组(38例)、草酸艾司西酞普兰联合高频rTMS治疗组(32例)及草酸艾司西酞普兰联合低频rTMS治疗组(36例),经过4 w治疗后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17 (HAMD-17)及患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)观察各组治疗效果及抑郁症状改善情况。结果经治疗后,各组HAMD-17量表评分较治疗前均有降低;除单纯草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗组外,其余两组PHQ9量表抑郁评分较治疗前均有降低。总体来说,草酸艾司西酞普兰联合rTMS治疗组评分均低于非联合治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但高频rTMS治疗组与低频rTMS治疗组之间差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论 草酸艾司西酞普兰联合rTMS能够降低青壮年PSD患者HAMD-17评分及PHQ-9评分,改善抑郁症状。     

草酸艾司西酞普兰联合黛力新对脑卒中后抑郁障碍患者的疗效及对血清指标的影响

目的探讨草酸艾司西酞普兰联合黛力新对脑卒中后抑郁障碍(PSD)的疗效及对一些血清指标的影响。方法将92例PSD患者随机分为两组:观察组(n=46)应用草酸艾司西酞普兰联合黛力新治疗,对照组(n=46)应用黛力新治疗。治疗前后评估美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、日常生活活动能力Barthel指数(BI)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分,测定血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、神经生长因子(NGF)和脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平。结果治疗前两组患者的上述指标结果,组间无明显差异(P0.05);治疗后观察组的NIHSS、HAMD评分显著低于对照组,BI、MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P0.05);治疗后观察组血清5-HT、NGF和BDNF水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05),两组血清NE、DA无明显差异(P0.05)。结论草酸艾司西酞普兰联合黛力新治疗PSD能够促进保护性神经递质与神经细胞因子的合成与释放,有效减轻抑郁状态,促进神经功能和认知功能的改善。     

艾司西酞普兰与西酞普兰治疗癫痫合并抑郁障碍患者的对比研究

目的探讨应用艾司西酞普兰与西酞普兰联合抗癫痫药物治疗癫痫合并抑郁障碍患者的临床疗效与安全性。方法选取我院神经内科2011年3月~2016年3月期间收治的癫痫合并抑郁障碍患者92例,按随机数字表法随机分为观察组(46例)和对照组(46例)。观察组患者给予艾司西酞普兰联合丙戊酸钠治疗,对照组给予西酞普兰联合丙戊酸钠治疗;两组疗程均为4周。观察评估两组患者治疗前及治疗1周、2周、4周后17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)及健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)评分,同时比较两组临床疗效及不良反应。结果 (1)治疗前两组患者的HAMD-17及PHQ-9评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后第1周、2周、4周,观察组的HAMD-17评分及PHQ-9评分均低于对照组(P0.05);(2)观察组的治疗总有效率为95.65%(44/46),显著高于对照组的80.43%(37/46),组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(3)两组患者的不良反应差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰联合抗癫痫药物治疗癫痫合并抑郁障碍的效果优于西酞普兰,起效迅速且安全性高,值得推广应用。     

拉莫三嗪联合艾司西酞普兰治疗伴MECT抵抗抑郁症的对照研究

目的探索拉莫三嗪联合艾司西酞普兰对伴MECT治疗应答不理想抑郁症的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取在天津市安定医院就诊的伴MECT抵抗的住院或门诊抑郁症患者66例,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各33例,试验组接受拉莫三嗪联合艾司西酞普兰治疗,对照组单用艾司西酞普兰治疗。于治疗前及治疗第2、4、6、8、10、12周末进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版(HAMD-24)评定,在治疗第2、4、8、12周末进行副反应量表(TESS)评定,比较两组的疗效和安全性。结果治疗第2周末,两组HAMD-24评分与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05),且同期组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗第6周末起,两组HAMD-24评分均低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01),且同期试验组HAMD-24评分均低于对照组(P0.05或0.01)。试验组与对照组有效率和总显效率比较差异均有统计学意义(42.4%vs.30.3%)、(27.3%vs.9.1%),两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(15.2%vs.12.1%,P=0.063)。结论拉莫三嗪联合艾司西酞普兰治疗伴MECT抵抗抑郁症的效果优于单用艾司西酞普兰,安全性相当。     

重复经颅磁刺激联合艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁障碍的疗效观察

目的:探讨重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁障碍(MDD)的增效作用。方法:采用前瞻性随机-对照方法,将80例MDD患者分为研究组(rTMS+艾司西酞普兰,n=40)和对照组(单用艾司西酞普兰,n=40),疗程12周。以治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁17项量表(HAMD-17)和自动思维问卷(ATQ)评分为疗效评估指标,治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)记录不良反应。结果:①共完成74例,研究组(38例)和对照组(36例)间性别、年龄、婚姻、受教育年限和病程等一般情况比较差异无统计学意义;②治疗第2、4周末研究组有效率显著高于对照组(P均0.05);第4、8周末研究组治愈率显著高于对照组(P均0.05)。③治疗后两组ATQ总分较基线时显著下降(P均0.01),两组间比较差异无统计学意义;治疗过程中两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论:rTMS联合艾司西酞普兰治疗MDD的疗效优于单用艾司西酞普兰,且缩短了起效时间,是较好的增效方法。     

艾司西酞普兰合并无抽搐电休克治疗自杀未遂抑郁症疗效观察

目的 探讨艾司西酞普兰合并无抽搐电休克（MECT）治疗自杀未遂抑郁症患者的疗效.方法 将68例自杀未遂的抑郁症患者随机分为研究组35例和对照组33例,研究组予以艾司西酞普兰合并MECT治疗,对照组单用艾司西酞普兰治疗,共观察28 d,分别于治疗前及治疗后第3、7、14、21、28天予以汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项（HAMD-17）和贝克自杀意念量表（BSI）评定.结果 研究组HAMD、BSI评分在治疗后第3天起即较治疗前显著下降（P＜0.05）,而对照组则在治疗后第7天起较治疗前显著下降（P＜0.05）.研究组在治疗后各个评分点HAMD、BSI评分均低于对照组（P均＜0.05）.结论 艾司西酞普兰合并MECT治疗自杀未遂抑郁症患者疗效确切,起效快,优于单用艾司西酞普兰治疗.     

艾司西酞普兰与舍曲林治疗伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者疗效比较

目的:比较艾司西酞普兰与舍曲林治疗伴焦虑症状的抑郁症疗效和安全性. 方法:76例符合入组标准的患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组和盐酸舍曲林组各38例,疗程6周.用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定疗效,采用治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定安全性.结果:两组HAMD、HAMA评分均较治疗前显著降低(P＜0.01),以艾司西酞普兰组HAMD、HAMA评分在治疗1周时降分显著低于盐酸舍曲林组(t=-2.839,-2.862;P ＜0.01),其余各周差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).艾司西酞普兰组与舍曲林组不良反应发生率分别为39.5％和42.1％ (P＞0.05).结论:艾司西酞普兰与舍曲林治疗伴焦虑症状的抑郁症疗效相当,但艾司西酞普兰起效更快.     

艾司西酞普兰治疗帕金森病抑郁患者的疗效观察

目的 探讨艾司西酞普兰在帕金森病(PD)伴抑郁症治疗中的作用.方法 随机将80例帕金森病伴抑郁患者分成艾司西酞普兰治疗观察组(治疗组)40例及对照组40例,治疗前后用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)17项版本进行评分.结果 治疗6周后治疗组HAMD评分显著低于对照组(p<0.01),使用艾司西酞普兰治疗的患者在抑郁疗效方面显著优于对照组(p<0.01或p<0.05).结论 艾司西酞普兰的抗抑郁效果显著,且对改善焦虑与睡眠障碍的作用明显,不良反应少而轻微,是一种安全、有效的抗抑郁剂.     

Satisfaction with quality of life varies with temperament types of patients with schizophrenia

We sought to explore the relationships of three temperament factors with domain-specific subjective quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia. Ninety patients with schizophrenia were evaluated using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale, the Distress Scale for Adverse Symptoms, the Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire, the Insight Self-Report Scale, and standardized questionnaires for self-reported emotional distress and stress process-related variables. Predictors of domain-specific QOL were identified using multiple regression techniques. Temperament factors explain 6% to 16% of variability in QOL domain scores among patients with schizophrenia after controlling for the remaining variables (emotional distress, social support, self-esteem, avoidance coping, age, side effects, and depression). We found that higher levels of novelty seeking are associated with better general QOL, physical health, and more positive subjective feelings, whereas higher levels of reward dependence are related to better satisfaction from social relationships. Higher levels of harm avoidance are associated with poorer satisfaction with general activities, and medication. Thus, temperament factors, as assessed by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, substantially influence satisfaction with life quality in schizophrenia. Novelty seeking, reward dependence, and harm avoidance are associated with different domains of QOL.     

Treatment of patients with tardive dystonia with olanzapine

Tardive dystonia represents a complication of long-term use of neuroleptics and its treatment is often unsatisfactory. Atypical neuroleptics appear to improve tardive dystonia, and cases of tardive dystonia successfully managed with clozapine have been reported. The aim of this open-label video-blinded study was to evaluate the antidystonic efficacy of olanzapine, a new atypical neuroleptic with a low risk of agranulocytosis, in a group of four patients (one man and three women) with tardive cervical dystonia. They developed severe dystonia after several years of neuroleptic treatment. Extensive laboratory evaluations, as well as neurophysiologic and neuroradiologic investigations, were negative. Olanzapine was started at a dose of 5 mg/d and increased up to 7.5 mg/d. All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment, using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, and videotaped. At the end of the trial, the videotapes were reviewed and scored by a blind observer. A self-rating visual analog scale completed the disability evaluation.A moderate to marked improvement in dystonia was observed in all patients, and significant differences were observed in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale scores and videotape ratings after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment compared with the basal values (p < 0.05). The average percentage of improvement in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale score and visual analog scale was 26.4% and 42.6%, respectively. No serious side effects were reported at the maximum dosage reached (7.5 mg/d). This study warrants a larger controlled study to conclusively demonstrate the efficacy of olanzapine in tardive dystonia.     

Compliance with health regimens of adolescents with epilepsy

The purpose of this paper was to describe the compliance of adolescents with epilepsy and some factors connected to it. Altogether 300 individuals with epilepsy aged 13-17 years were randomly selected from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution's register. Every fifth person on the list was included in the sample. Seventy-seven per cent (n= 232) of the selected adolescents with epilepsy returned a questionnaire sent to them relating to compliance. The data were analysed using the SPSS software. Twenty-two per cent of the adolescents with epilepsy felt that they complied fully with their suggested health regimens, while 44% placed themselves in the category of "satisfactory compliance", and the remaining 34% reported poor compliance. Compliance with their recommended life-style was poorest, while the highest degree of compliance was recorded for medication. Background variables, such as the duration of the disease, exercise, smoking, alcohol-intake and the number of seizures, were statistically significantly related to compliance (P< 0.001). Good motivation, a strong sense of normality, experience of results, subjective outcome, energy and will-power, support from parents, physicians and nurses, and a positive attitude towards to the disease and its treatment, no threat to social and emotional well-being and no fears of complications and no fear of seizures explained good compliance (P< 0.001).     

血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的预后分析

目的分析血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形(CAVM)并发癫痫患者的预后情况。方法选择2013年3月至2017年6月收治的符合诊断标准的CAVM并发癫痫发作患者49例为研究对象,分析血管内栓塞治疗后患者的临床症状、生活质量(QOLIE-31)改善情况。结果患者经血管内栓塞治疗后,QOLIE-31各项指标(除了药物影响)评分均明显提高,高于治疗前(P0.05);Spetzler-Martin分级与Engel分级的I~II级例数多于治疗前(P0.05),同时Spetzler-Martin分级I~II级生活质量评分(76.04±18.33)分明显高于III~V级的(65.65±16.76)分(P0.05);Engel分级I~II级的生活质量评分(75.25±17.78)分明显高于III~V级的(66.23±13.22)分(P0.05);血管内栓塞比例80%的生活质量总评分(78.37±18.87)分明显高于栓塞比例80%的(64.16±16.92)分(P0.05);术后患者的头疼症状中重度例数明显低于治疗前(P0.01);患者的NIHSS评分和MRS评分均明显低于治疗前,头疼症状的生活质量评分高于治疗前(均P0.05)。结论血管内栓塞能明显改善未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的头疼症状、癫痫发作情况、神经功能缺损,提高血管内栓塞比例能够提高患者生活质量。