黄芪提取物对乙型肝炎病毒抗原表达的抑制作用

目的探讨黄芪提取物对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）病毒抗原表达的抑制作用。方法用MTT法测定黄芪提取液在不同浓度下对HepG2．2．15细胞的细胞毒性,ELISA法检测黄芪提取物对HepG2．2．15细胞分泌HBsAg、HBeAg颗粒的影响。结果黄芪提取物对HepG2．2．15细胞4d和8d的半数毒性浓度（TC50）分别为88．914μg／ml和85．209μg／ml（P〉0．05）,对HBeAg4d和8d的治疗指数（TI）分别为1．018和1．342（P〉0．05）,对HBsAg4d和8d的治疗指数分别为0．065和0．089（P〉0．05）。结论黄芪提取物抑制HepG2．2．15细胞分泌HBeAg的作用为低效有毒,黄芪提取物对HBsAg抗原分泌无明显抑制作用。     

重楼水提物对肝癌细胞HepG2增殖及凋亡的影响

目的 探讨重楼水提物对人肝癌HepG2细胞株增殖和凋亡的影响.方法 以体外培养的肝癌HepG2细胞为研究对象,MTT法检测重楼对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的抑制作用,流式细胞仪Annexin V/PI 双染法检测重楼对其凋亡的影响,ELISA法检测Bcl-2、Bax 蛋白表达的情况.结果 不同浓度重楼水提物能有效抑制HepG2细胞的增殖,且呈时间及浓度依赖性,作用效果在12 μg/ml时抑制效果最好（P〈0.01）.12 μg/ml重楼水提物作用HepG2细胞24 h、48 h后,结果表明HepG2随着重楼水提物作用时间的延长,细胞凋亡率增加,与阴性对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）.12 μg/ml重楼水提物作用HepG2 细胞24 h后,Bcl-2蛋白表达降低,Bax蛋白表达增加,与阴性对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 重楼水提物能抑制HepG2细胞的体外增殖,抑制作用表现出时效关系,其机制可能与促进细胞凋亡、降低Bcl-2蛋白表达、增加Bax蛋白表达有关.     

白藜芦醇通过影响线粒体膜电位诱导HepG2细胞凋亡

目的 研究白藜芦醇诱导HepG2细胞凋亡的机制,探讨白藜芦醇诱导HepG2细胞凋亡过程中线粒体膜电位的变化。方法采用MTT法测定白藜芦醇对HepG2细胞的生长抑制作用,通过荧光染色及流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,电子显微镜观察细胞超微结构的变化,用Rhodaminel23和TMRE标记细胞线粒体膜电位（△ψ）,并分别通过流式细胞仪和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜检测。结果低浓度白藜芦醇（≤25μmoFL）对HepG2细胞的生长抑制作用不显著,而高浓度白藜芦醇（〉25μmol／L）显著地抑制HepG2细胞的生长,且呈时间和浓度的依赖性（F=18．532,P〈0．05）;流式细胞术分析显示,白藜芦醇能显著诱导HepG2细胞凋亡,且呈浓度依赖性（P〈0．05）;白藜芦醇能降低HepG2细胞线粒体膜电位。结论白藜芦醇抑制HepG2细胞增殖,并诱导细胞凋亡,白藜芦醇使HepG2细胞线粒体膜电位去极化,提示线粒体膜电位去极化在白藜芦醇诱导细胞凋亡的过程中起作用。     

大黄素对化疗药诱导肝癌细胞凋亡的增强作用

目的 观察大黄素对化疗药5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡的影响。方法 不同浓度大黄素单用或与5-Fu联合作用HepG2细胞，以流式细胞仪（FCM）及末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记（TUNEL）法检测细胞凋亡；免疫组织化学（sP）法检测Bax、Bcl-2、凋亡诱导因子（AIF）蛋白表达的改变。结果 2、4μg／m1大黄素分别与5-Fu联用，作用细胞16、24、48h后，时间依赖性地诱导HepG2细胞凋亡，且随大黄素浓度的增加细胞凋亡率有增加的趋势。联用组细胞凋亡率及Bax、Bcl-2、AIF蛋白表达与5-Fu单用组相比差异均有极显著性意义（均P〈0．01）。各组细胞凋亡率与Bax蛋白表达呈正相关（r=0．881，P〈0．05），与Bcl-2蛋白表达呈负相关（r=-0．942，P〈0．01），与AIF蛋白表达呈正相关（r=0．900，P〈0．05）。结论 大黄素可显著增强5-Fu诱导HepG2细胞凋亡的作用，可能与调控Bax、Bcl-2、AIF蛋白表达有关。     

叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖和凋亡作用

目的探讨叶下珠复方Ⅱ号（CPUⅡ）对体外培养的人肝癌细胞Hep劬增殖和凋亡的作用。方法采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法（MTT法）,比较不同浓度的叶下珠复方在不同作用时间对体外培养的HepG2细胞增殖的影响;应用流式细胞术（FCM）结合AnnexinV—FITC,PI荧光双染法观察CPUⅡ诱导24h后人肝癌Hep晚细胞的凋亡率。结果MTT结果显示,人肝癌HepG2细胞经叶下珠复方Ⅱ号处理一定时间后,增殖比率明显下降,2．60mg／ml以上的叶下珠Ⅱ号对人肝癌HepG2细胞株的增殖有抑制作用（P〈0．01;48hP〈0．05）,且呈一定的量效关系;FCM结果显示,随着叶下珠复方Ⅱ号浓度的增加（2．6、26．0、130．0mg／ml）,细胞的凋亡率也逐渐增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论叶下珠复方Ⅱ号能够抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞生长和增殖,诱导人肝癌Hep岛细胞凋亡,呈明显的量效关系。     

体外培育牛黄诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的研究体外培育牛黄诱导人肝母细胞瘤HepG2细胞凋亡的作用及机制。方法用单层培养法培养HepG2细胞，用不同剂量的体外培育牛黄作用于HepG2细胞不同时间，用荧光显微镜、透射电镜观察细胞形态的改变及细胞凋亡，用流式细胞仪检测HepG2细胞的亚G1峰细胞（凋亡）率的变化。结果体外培育牛黄100～800ug／ml作用于HepG2细胞48h后，HepG2细胞表现为细胞皱缩、核质浓缩、核碎裂、细胞起泡以及凋亡小体形成等凋亡特征性形态学改变；流式细胞直方图上可见亚二倍体峰，不同浓度作用于HepG2细胞24、36、48、72h后的细胞凋亡率均显著高于空白对照组（P〈0．01），400ug／ml浓度组与阳性对照FT207（100ug／ml）组比较无明显差异。结论体外培育牛黄能诱导人肝母细胞瘤HepG2细胞凋亡。     

盐酸氮芥抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞生长的机制探讨

目的探讨盐酸氮芥抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞生长的可能机制。方法以盐酸氮芥处理人肝癌HepG2细胞,运用DNA片断化分析、流式细胞术检测肝癌HepG2细胞的凋亡和细胞周期的改变。结果DNA片断化分析显示没有出现典型“梯形”条带,流式细胞术显示各浓度组细胞凋亡率之间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,但有明显的细胞周期阻滞（S期和G2期）。结论盐酸氮芥对人肝癌HepG2细胞的生长抑制主要通过细胞周期的阻滞发挥作用。     

活性氧（ROS）在三氧化二砷诱导人肝癌细胞株HepG2凋亡中的作用

目的：利用Mn（Ⅲ）TBAP能特异性清除细胞内活性氧（reactiveoxygenspecies,ROS）,观察不同浓度三氧化二砷（As2O3）单独和联合Mn（Ⅲ）TBAP作用于人肝癌HepG2细胞后细胞内活性氧（ROS）的变化和对凋亡的影响,探讨活性氧（ROS）在三氧化二砷（As2O3）诱导肝癌细胞株HepG2凋亡中的作用。方法：实验分3组：对照组,不同浓度三氧化二砷（As2O3）组,三氧化二砷（As2O3）＋Mn（Ⅲ）TBAP组。用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTr）比色法测定细胞生长增殖活性;激光共聚焦显微镜荧光染色法检测细胞内ROS的变化;AnnexinV／PI双染色法流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡。结果：2、4、8μol／L三氧化二砷（As2O3）处理HepG2细胞后各组细胞增殖抑制率高于对照组（P〈0．05）,细胞增殖抑制率随As2O3浓度的增加及作用时间的延长而升高（P〈0．05）;HepG2细胞内ROS的水平随As2O3浓度的增加而升高（P〈0．05）,As2O3处理组HepG2细胞内ROS水平高于空白对照组（P〈0．05）,As2O3＋Mn（Ⅲ）TBAP组HepG2细胞内ROS的水平低于As2O3组（P〈0．05）,但高于对照组（P〈0．05）。细胞早期凋亡率随As2O3浓度的增加及作用时间的延长而升高（P〈0．05）,且均高于Mn（Ⅲ）TBAP＋As2O3组和对照组,Mn（Ⅲ）TBAP＋As2O3组高于对照组。结论：三氧化二砷作用于HepG2细胞促进了细胞内ROS的产生,ROS水平的提高增加了三氧化二砷促HepG2细胞凋亡的敏感性。     

丹参酮ⅡA对人肝癌细胞HepG2生长的抑制及诱导凋亡的研究

目的研究丹参酮ⅡA对人肝癌细胞HepG2生长的抑制作用及诱导其凋亡的作用,探讨丹参酮ⅡA抑制肿瘤的作用机制。方法将丹参酮ⅡA配制成0．5μg／L、1．0μg／L、2．0μg／L、5．0μg／L、10．0μg／L的浓度,0μg／L为阴性对照。将肝细胞在不同浓度的丹参酮ⅡA中培养24h、48h、72h,采用MrITI’法检测丹参酮ⅡA对肝癌细胞HepG2的抑制情况,流式细胞仪检测细胞的周期和凋亡情况。结果相同的浓度．随着时间延长,吸光度逐渐下降,而同一时间,随着浓度的增加,吸光度也逐渐下降。相同浓度,随着时间的延长．丹参酮ⅡA对肝癌细胞HepG2生长的抑制率逐渐增加,相同时间,随着浓度的增加,丹参酮ⅡA对肝癌细胞HepG2生长的抑制率也逐渐增加。随着丹参酮ⅡA浓度的增加,G0／G1的比例逐渐升高（2．0μg／mL、5．0μg／mL、10．0μg／mL）,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。随着丹参酮ⅡA浓度的增加,细胞凋亡率逐渐升高．与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论丹参酮ⅡA对肝癌细胞HepG2的生长具有抑制作用,且具有时间和浓度依赖性,对凋亡的诱导作用具有浓度依赖性。     

铁磁流体联合交变磁场对人肝癌细胞HepG2的影响

目的探讨一定的交变磁场不同浓度Fe3O4磁流体热疗对人肝癌细胞HepG2的影响。方法在肝细胞的培养液中分别加入不同浓度的Fe3O4磁流体,暴露在交变磁场中30min后,采用MTT法、细胞计数、光镜、荧光显微镜、流式细胞仪等观察经过上述药物处理后,肝癌细胞活细胞数的光密度值、杀伤率、生长曲线、细胞形态变化、细胞周期及凋亡情况。结果随着磁流体中Fe3O4纳米粒浓度的增加,①细胞培养液的温度分别上升到38．9～47．2℃;Fe3O4浓度≥4．5mg／mL时,温度〉41℃;②细胞增殖抑制增强,肝癌细胞活细胞数的光密度值下降,杀伤率（cytotoxity index,CI）增加;当Fe3O4浓度24．5mg／mL时,CI／〉50％,CI最高达85．91％,呈明显的量效关系（P〈0．001）;③细胞核染色质凝聚、浓缩,有的成半月形或梅花辩状改变,尤以Fe3O4浓度〉／4．5mg／mL时变化明显;④细胞周期停滞于S期,S期细胞增加,凋亡率增加;Fe3O4浓度从4．5mg／mL增加到6．0mg／mL时,凋亡率分别由27．06％增加到66．05％;Fe3O4浓度为3．0mg／mL时,温度为39．8℃〈40℃,凋亡率为14．22％（P〈0．001）。结论交变磁场作用下,随Fe3O4浓度增加,温度升高,磁流体对人肝癌细胞HepG2毒性增强,细胞凋亡增加;磁流体中Fe3O4浓度与其成明显的量效依赖关系。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.