腹腔镜下胰体尾占位性病变切除16例体会

目的探讨胰体尾占位性病变行腹腔镜手术治疗的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析自2014年开展腹腔镜胰腺手术以来成功完成的16例患者的临床资料。肿瘤直径1.0~12.6 cm,平均4.4 cm。行腹腔镜胰腺肿瘤摘除术4例,腹腔镜胰体尾脾切除术2例,腹腔镜胰体尾切除术10例。结果 16例患者均成功完成手术。手术时间90~330 min,平均210 min。术中平均出血量150ml。术后住院日4~28 d,平均11 d。术后病理回报黏液性囊腺瘤1例,浆液性囊腺瘤2例,胰岛素瘤5例,胰腺假性囊肿2例,实性假乳头状瘤2例,异位脾1例,自身免疫性胰腺炎1例,胰腺囊肿1例,胰腺癌1例。术后1例出现胰瘘,经通畅引流、抑酶对症治疗后痊愈;1例出现脾梗死,已随访1年,无临床症状及体征;1例出现结肠瘘,保守治疗痊愈。结论腹腔镜治疗胰体尾占位性病变是安全可行的。     

胰体尾部肿瘤的手术切除

摘要：目的 探讨胰体尾部肿瘤的外科治疗方法。方法 近18年来，采用手术治疗胰体尾部肿瘤45例，其中恶性肿瘤33例，良性肿瘤12例；行远端胰腺切除17例，联合脏器切除24例，肿瘤局部切除4例。结果 病理类型：胰体尾癌33例，胰岛细胞瘤8例，囊腺瘤2例，上皮样纤维瘤1例，囊性畸胎瘤1例。切除肿瘤最大径：胰体尾癌平均为（8.0±2.6）cm；胰岛细胞瘤平均为（6.5±2.4）cm。无手术死亡病例。术后并发症：胰瘘2例，膈下脓肿2例，胰腺假性囊肿1例，上消化道出血 1例，切口感染或愈合不良3例，均经非手术疗法治愈。结论 远端胰腺切除术是治疗胰体尾部肿瘤的有效方法；术前需常规做好联合脏器切除的准备；胰腺残端的处理选用主胰管结扎加褥式缝合法可有效避免胰瘘的发生。     

腹腔镜局部切除治疗胰腺良性和低度恶性肿瘤28例临床体会

目的 探讨胰腺良性和低度恶性肿瘤行腹腔镜下保留器官功能的局部切除术的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胰腺外科2020年7月至2021年12月行腹腔镜下胰腺局部切除术28例病人的临床资料。28例病人中,胰头肿物16例(腹腔镜下保留十二指肠的胰头切除术13例,腹腔镜下胰腺肿物剜除术3例),胰腺颈体肿物7例(腹腔镜下胰腺中段切除术6例,腹腔镜下胰腺肿物剜除术1例),胰体尾肿物5例(腹腔镜下保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术3例,腹腔镜下胰腺肿物剜除术2例)。观察病人术中出血量、输血量以及手术时间、术后并发症等情况。结果 所有病人均在腹腔镜下顺利完成手术,无中转开腹病例。手术时间为60～450 min,术中出血量为20～550 mL,肿瘤直径为2～8 cm。术后并发症：B级胰瘘6例,C级胰瘘1例(胰头肿物剜除术1例),腹腔感染2例,胆瘘2例,胃瘫1例,腹腔出血2例(胰头肿物剜除术1例,胰颈体肿物行胰腺中段切除术1例)。术后随访8个月,未发现继发性胰腺内外分泌功能障碍。病人平均住院时间为20.9 d。术后病检：胰腺实性假乳头状瘤8例,胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤G1级5例、G2级2例...     

腹腔镜胰腺假性囊肿内引流及胰腺远端切除的初步体会

目的探讨腹腔镜下胰腺假性囊肿-胃内引流术和保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术(Kimura法)的可行性和安全性。方法总结完全腹腔镜下1例胰腺假性囊肿-胃内引流术和4例保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术(Kimura法)的治疗体会。结果胰腺假性囊肿-胃内引流手术时间150 min,出血量150 ml。术后胰腺假性囊肿明显缩小,脾静脉受压明显缓解。4例胰腺远端切除平均手术时间245 min,平均出血量180 ml,平均住院时间7.8 d。1例胰腺远端切除患者术后1个月复查时发现胰腺断端旁有假性囊肿形成,直径约3 cm,观察6个月后囊肿无变化。5例患者中位随访时间8.2月,胰腺假性囊肿及肿瘤均无复发。结论腹腔镜下胰腺假性囊肿-胃内引流术和保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术(Kimura法)是安全可行的,具有创伤小、术后恢复快等优点,但适应症的选择至关重要。     

腹腔镜胰腺囊肿切除术二例

例 1　女性 ,36岁。因反复腹胀不适 4年 ,加重 2年入院。CT示 :胰体尾部有一个 5cm× 5cm囊性肿块 (图 1)。行腹腔镜胰腺囊肿切除。病理检查 :胰腺滞留性囊肿。随访2 4个月 ,症状完全消失 ,未见复发 (图 2 )。图 1　CT示胰体尾部囊肿　图 2　CT示胰腺囊肿已被切除　　例 2　女性 ,5 1岁。因反复右上腹痛 10年 ,加重伴左上腹不适 2个月入院。B超和CT示 :胆囊内有直径为 1cm的结石 ,胰体尾交界处一个 5cm× 5cm囊肿。逆行胰胆管造影检查 :胰体尾部囊肿 ,胰管前中段无明显狭窄及扩张。行腹腔镜胆囊切除加胰体尾囊肿切除术。病理学检查 :胰…     

全腹腔镜下胰岛素瘤切除术18例单中心经验总结

目的:总结全腹腔镜下胰岛素瘤的诊断和治疗经验。方法:回顾分析2002年6月至2009年10月北京协和医院为18例患者施行全腹腔镜下胰岛素瘤切除术的临床资料,分析全腹腔镜胰岛素瘤切除术的安全性、可行性及主要技术环节。结果:18例中1例胰岛素瘤位于胰颈外,余均位于胰体/尾部,肿瘤直径平均(1.77±0.57)cm;7例行肿瘤切除术,7例行保留脾脏的胰腺远端切除术,4例中转开腹,中转开腹率22.2%。术后平均随访48个月,无低血糖症状复发。结论:全腹腔镜胰岛素瘤切除术安全可行,尤其肿瘤位于胰头表面或胰体尾部,更优于经典的开腹手术。     

腹腔镜保脾胰体尾切除八例的手术经验

目的总结保留脾脏腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的临床经验与手术技巧。方法自2003年11月至2008年2月,我们对8例胰体尾部良性占位病变患者施行保留脾脏腹腔镜胰体尾切除术。结果本组8例均在腹腔镜下完成,其中1例合并胆囊切除,1例合并右肾上腺肿瘤切除,1例合并子宫肌瘤挖出、左卵巢畸胎瘤挖出,1例合并子宫肌瘤挖出。本组手术时间120—290min,出血量150—600ml。术后住院时间3～9d,无胰漏发生。术后病理诊断：潴留性囊肿2例,浆液性囊腺瘤1例,黏液性囊腺瘤2例,上皮性囊肿2例,先天性囊肿1例。随访9～60个月,症状消失,未见复发。结论对于胰体尾部良性病变,可行保留脾脏的胰体尾部切除,对拥有丰富高级腹腔镜手术经验的术者,开展保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术是安全可行的。     

胰腺内副脾伴上皮性囊肿一例及文献复习

本文报道一例胰腺内副脾伴上皮性囊肿,并进行文献复习。患者68岁,男性,间歇腹痛10年余,CT和MRI均证实其胰腺尾部约1．4cm×1．7cm占位。考虑恶性肿瘤可能无法除外,行腹腔镜下保脾胰尾切除术。术后病理诊断为胰腺内副脾伴上皮性囊肿。该病罕见,且不易诊断,故术前应当充分考虑,腹腔镜下保脾胰尾切除术是可行的治疗方式。     

腹腔镜手术在胰腺疾病中的临床应用探讨

目的探讨腹腔镜手术在胰腺疾病中的临床应用效果。方法对12例胰腺疾病患者施行腹腔镜手术,其中包括胰腺囊性疾病9例,分别行保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术(4例)、胰体尾加脾脏切除术(2例)及单纯胰腺囊肿切除术(3例);胰岛素瘤2例,均行胰岛素瘤切除术;胰腺癌术后复发1例,行左侧内脏神经离断术。结果所有手术均获成功,其中完全腹腔镜下手术8例,经腹腔镜辅助手术4例。平均手术时间225min(100～420min),平均出血量80ml(2～150ml);1例术后发生胰瘘,经保守治疗治愈;术后平均住院时间7.2d(5～13d)。胰腺癌术后复发患者术后存活6个月,止痛效果满意;其余患者随访10～36个月,效果良好,无复发。结论腹腔镜手术治疗部分胰腺疾病安全有效,具有创伤小、痛苦轻、恢复快、并发症少等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

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胰腺囊性肿瘤生物学行为多样。手术是治疗胰腺囊腺瘤惟一有效方法。目前,腹腔镜治疗胰腺囊性肿瘤术式包括胰腺囊肿剜除术、腹腔镜下保留脾或不保留脾的胰体尾切除术、腹腔镜胰腺节段切除、胰腺假性囊肿引流术及腹腔镜下胰十二指肠切除术或全胰切除术。腹腔镜治疗胰腺囊性肿瘤具有创伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快等优点,是未来胰腺囊性肿瘤治疗的主要方式。     

腹腔镜下保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术的临床研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜下保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术的临床价值。方法:回顾分析2014年11月至2016年4月为3例胰腺体尾部肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术的临床资料。结果:3例均成功施行腹腔镜下保留脾血管的保脾手术,无中转开腹,其中1例术中撕裂脾静脉,腹腔镜下缝合脾静脉撕裂处,成功止血,72 h后恢复进食。1例患者因囊性肿瘤巨大,术中囊液外溢,造成术后胰腺切除区形成直径3 cm包裹性积液,术后2周自行吸收。术后病理均回报为胰腺粘液性囊腺瘤。出院后随访3～12个月,未见远期并发症及复发病例。结论:腹腔镜下保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术目前已成为治疗胰体尾良性肿瘤安全、可行的新选择,因其创伤小、康复快,已成为治疗胰体尾良性肿瘤的常规手术,目前也可在基层医院开展,但此术式仍需严格遵守循序渐进的推行原则。     

保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术治疗经验

目的 总结腹腔镜保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术的经验。方法 2003年11月和2004年12月分别对2例胰体尾囊性占位患者施行保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术。结果 2例手术均顺利完成,手术时间分别为220min和190min,术中出血为450ml和350ml,术后住院时间为6d和5d,术后无胰漏等并发症发生。病理诊断2例均为胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤。分别随访18个月和5个月,术前症状均得到明显缓解,未见复发。结论 对胰体尾部良性病变行保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术是安全可行的,具有创伤轻、恢复快、并发症少等优点。     

腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术26例

目的探讨腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术的安全性、可行性。方法2005年9月～2008年6月,对26例胰腺体尾部肿物行腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术。术前25例诊断为胰腺体尾部良性肿物,1例不除外恶性,肿物中位直径5cm（1.2～10cm）。结果所有手术均在全腹腔镜下完成。15例行保留脾脏的胰体尾切除（10例保留脾动静脉,5例未保留脾动静脉）,10例行胰体尾加脾切除,1例既往行胰体尾及脾切除者行胰体部切除。手术中位时间268.5min（129～400min）,中位出血量100ml（50～800ml）,术后中位住院时间9d（6～21d）。无胰漏或脾梗死发生,2例包裹性积液,均保守治疗治愈,1例引流管口感染。26例中位随访时间15.5月（1～35个月）,均无复发。结论胰腺体尾部良性肿物行腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术安全、可行。     

腹腔镜远端胰腺切除的临床应用

目的 总结腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术的临床应用与手术技巧.方法 回顾性分析腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术治疗胰体尾肿瘤10例的临床资料.结果 10例胰体尾肿瘤中8例成功完成腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术,其中1例为保脾远端胰腺切除术,中转开腹手术2例,1例因胰腺癌侵及周围脏器,1例因术中出血.腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术平均手术时间为141±35 min(95～195 min),平均出血263±151 ml(100～600 ml),术后平均住院7±1 d(5～9 d),全部患者均治愈.术后病理诊断实性假乳头状瘤4例、黏液性囊腺瘤3例、胰岛细胞瘤1例,胰腺导管腺癌2例.结论 腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术最佳适应证是胰腺体尾部良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤,具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的优点,是治疗胰体尾良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤的安全有效的微创疗法.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the clinical applications and surgical technique of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). Method The clinical data of 10 cases of pancreatic body and tail tumors undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Results Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) was successfully undertaken in 8 cases (including spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy in one case ). Intraoperatively two cases were converted to open surgery because of peripancreatic organs involvement by cancer in one case and massive bleeding in another case during laparoscopic procedures. The average operation time of LDP was 141 ± 35 min (95 -195 min),mean blood loss was 263 ± 151 ml( 100 -600 ml), average postoperative hospital stay was 7 ± 1 days (5 -9 days ). There was no major postoperative complications and no mortality. Final pathology was solid psedopapillary tumor in 4 cases, mucinous cystadenoma in 3 cases and islet cell tumor in 1 case, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in 2 cases, hence 80% of tumors were benign. Conclusions LDP is indicated for benign body and tail pancreatic tumors and early malignant tumor of pancreatic body and tail. Being less traumatic, and fewer complications, LDP is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapy.     

保留脾脏胰腺体尾切除术的临床应用研究

目的 探讨保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术的手术适应证及临床意义.方法 回顾性分析75例因胰腺体尾部占位病变而施行保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术病人的临床诊疗资料.结果 本组75例均成功行保留脾脏胰腺体尾切除术,其中浆液性囊腺瘤18例、黏液性囊腺瘤15例,胰腺实性假乳头状瘤11例,慢性胰腺炎9例,导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤8例(其中2例有恶...     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with minilaparotomy for distal pancreatic cystadenoma

Two patients with cystic tumors of the pancreas treated by laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are presented. The first patient was a 34-year-old woman with a 6-cm cystadenoma of the tail of the pancreas treated with a complete laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. After mobilization of the distal pancreas and spleen, the pancreas was transected proximally together with the splenic artery and vein using an endoscopic linear stapler. The second patient was a 71-year-old woman with a 6-cm cystadenoma of the body of the pancreas, treated by hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with minilaparotomy because the tumor was adjacent to the portal vein and celiac axis. Using an upper median minilaparotomy, dissection of the gastrocolic ligament, division of the splenic artery, and transection and closure of the pancreas were performed. Division of the splenic vein and mobilization of the distal pancreas and spleen were performed via a hand-assisted laparoscopic approach. There were no postoperative complications (such as pancreatic fistulas) in either patient, and the postoperative courses were uneventful. The patients returned to normal activity within 1 week after the operation. Complete laparoscopic and hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are preferable to conventional open surgery for benign tumors of the pancreas because of their less-invasive nature. Additionally, in tumors of the body of the pancreas, hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy might have the advantages of laparotomy and laparoscopy in terms of handling the splenic artery and vein just below the minilaparotomy site, suggesting an easier and safer procedure than complete laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Therefore, hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy can be recommended as a useful alternative to complete laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for selected patients with benign tumors of the body and tail of the pancreas.     

Laparoscopic resection of the pancreas and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery still is not a common procedure worldwide. Postoperative complications such as a pancreatic leakage cause a serious condition. We report our consecutive laparoscopic pancreatic resections of islet cell tumors or benign diseases and their outcomes. METHOD: Laparoscopic pancreatic resections were attempted in three patients. Preoperative diagnoses were insulinoma in two patients and cystadenoma in one patient. The lesions were located in the pancreas body in two patients and the pancreas tail in one patient. Their sizes ranged from 1 to 6 cm in diameter (mean, 3 cm). RESULTS: We performed distal pancreatectomy using an endoscopic linear stapler with conservation of the spleen in two patients and enucleation in one patient. Of the distal pancreatectomies, the splenic artery and vein were preserved in one patient, whereas in the other they were divided. There were no perioperative complications in any of the cases. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 10 days (range, 7-14 days). There were no episodes of hypoglycemia or recurrence during the mean follow-up period of 25 months (range, 11-36 months). CONCLUSIONS: Although laparoscopic pancreatic resection of selected patients is a feasible and safe procedure in the hands of experienced laparoscopic surgeons, patients must be carefully observed after surgery to avoid serious conditions by pancreatic fistula.     

Middle segment pancreatectomy for the treatment of benign and low malignant potential pancreatic tumours

Background: Conventional distal pancreatectomy is used for the removal of lesions located at the body and tail of the pancreas. Generally, the spleen is sacrificed. But for benign and low malignant potential tumours in the pancreatic neck and body, this incurs notable loss of normal pancreatic tissue and the unnecessary risk of diabetes mellitus as well as splenic loss. Methods: We report three cases of middle segment pancreatectomy in an effort to avoid the unnecessary loss of normal pancreatic tissue and the spleen. Two patients were males with a mucinous cystadenoma and non‐cystic mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. The other was a female with a serous cystadenoma. Middle segment pancreatectomy was performed. Two patients were reconstructed with double pancreaticojejunostomy and the third with a pancreaticogastrostomy. Results: No major complications were observed. Comnclusions: Middle segment pancreatectomy is a safe and effective procedure for the resection of benign and low malignant potential tumours in the pancreatic neck and body with preservation of normal pancreatic tissue and the spleen in selected patients. This is the first report of middle segment pancreatectomy for pancreatic tumour in China.     

Islet cell tumor:insulinoma

Twenty-eight patients with insulinoma treated at our institutions during the years 1935-1983 were available for this study. These patients included 15 males and 13 females ranging 20 to 77 years of age and averaging 48 years. Diagnosis: Inappropriate elevations of plasma insulin (IRI/BS greater than 0.3) in the fasting state were demonstrated in all 18 patients. Accurate tumor localization was defined by arteriography in 61% of 18 patients. Decision of localization by transhepatic portal catheterization and insulin assay was successful in all of 4 patients in whom it was performed. Pathology: Twenty-five patients had a single tumor and 3 had multiple tumors. The tumor was located in the head in 8, in the body in 12 and in the tail in 14. Thirty of 34 tumors were benign and 4 were malignant. Surgical treatment: Enucleation was performed in 6 patients, 19 patients underwent distal pancreatectomy and one patient had pancreatoduodenectomy, One patient with occult tumor in the head had 80% resection of the pancreas. One patient with two tiny occult tumors close to the duodenum underwent distal left to right pancreatectomy finally resulting in total pancreatectomy. Result: There was no operative death and no recurrence of symptoms in all patients after operation.     

胰岛素瘤的诊断和治疗：附30例报告

目的:总结探讨胰岛素瘤的诊断和治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析近11年来治疗的30例胰岛素瘤的临床资料。结果:全组30例均表现Whipple三联征。术前B超，CT，MRI诊断的阳性率分别为34.8 %(8/23)， 58.3 %(7/12)，71.4 %(5/7)，术中B超诊断的阳性率为87.5 %(7/8)。单个肿瘤27例，多发性肿瘤3例。单发者，位于胰头8例,胰体7例,胰尾12例;多发者，1例2枚肿块均位于胰体，另2例均为2枚肿块分别位于胰体和胰尾。行肿瘤局部摘除术21例,胰体尾切除术6例，胰体尾切除术＋脾切除术2例，胰十二指肠切除术1例。良性肿瘤29例，恶性1例。术后胰瘘4例,均经充分引流后治愈。30例术后低血糖症状均消失，随访27例，良性肿瘤术后4年复发1例，再次手术切除胰体肿块后治愈，恶性肿瘤术后3年复发，因腹腔转移死亡。结论:Whipple三联征,测定IRI/G比值是定性诊断的主要依据,术中扪诊联合术中B超是最有效的肿瘤定位手段,肿瘤摘除术仍为胰岛素瘤的主要术式。