《心术》里的学问

"《心术》在医卫界流行是必然的,它说出了很多医生的心里话。一般人则通过它看到非事件化下的医生,他们的喜怒哀乐,煎熬与追求。于医患理解大有益处。最近,各个地方台都在放《心术》,跟着看。不错。之前,曾听几个医生朋友谈起小说很火,返回读。也不错。     

皮炎湿疹如何用药

皮炎、湿疹的主要症状为瘙痒、红疹,而且病情易反复。皮炎、湿疹经常会被一起提到,因为他们是对同一类疾病不同角度的描述。但是,皮炎、湿疹还是有区别的。临床所谓的皮炎是指病因明确或具有某些特征的湿疹。它们是皮肤科的常见病、多发病。皮炎多数可查出致病源,如接触性皮炎,发病前接触过如油漆、金属小饰品等物品。然而湿疹可能暂时查不出致病源,一旦查出病因,则改称为某某皮炎。     

快乐属于谁,微笑赠给谁

又到人间四月天。每年的愚人节,总会想起一个人。想起他的动人笑脸,想起他离去时的决绝。2003年4月1日,香港文华酒店,张国荣。一个集万千宠爱于一身的人,选择在这样特殊的时间和地点,毫无征兆地离开,让当时还笼罩在SARS阴影中的人们猝不及防。那一夜多少人无心睡眠。还记得他生前的最后一则新闻是这样的:     

汶川地震过渡期疾病控制工作措施和体会

目的总结汶川地震后过渡期的疾病控制工作措施,保障灾区群众健康。方法根据地震灾区过渡期卫生防疫工作的实践经验,进行回顾性总结分析。结果总结出重点落实的6项防疫措施:①摸底调查,制定灾区防疫工作计划。②大力开展卫生宣教,让村民养成良好的卫生习惯。③搞好环境卫生,认真开展消杀灭等工作。④进行水质检验,确保饮水安全。⑤加强重点疾病的监测防控,防止传染病暴发流行。⑥加强食品卫生管理,防止发生食源性疾病。采取上述措施后,灾区无传染病暴发流行,无发生群体性食物中毒,实现了大灾之后无大疫的目标。结论采取各项预防措施对于预防地震灾后传染病的流行具有重大的意义。     

红帆素——前列腺的守护者

10月28日是全国男性健康日。记者从我市几家大医院了解到。近年来男性如前列腺炎、前列腺增生以及不育症等疾病的发病率呈上升趋势。随着生活节奏的加快,社会竞争的加剧。巨大的心理压力造成男性长期处于紧张状态,加上久坐、骑车、开车,另外许多男性有吸烟、喝酒的嗜好。没有良好的生活习惯。因而引起发病率上升。从前。男性一般要在45岁左右才出现前列腺病变。现在20几岁的年轻人患前列腺炎的也不少。而且癌变比例也在上升。     

大盘点

神州大地其实就是一个健康的大舞台。如果说2009年是风起云涌,2010年则是暗流涌动。记忆犹新的2009年,我们看了一场故事情节完整的话剧。刚刚过去的2010年,我们欣赏的却是一场歌舞小品大拼盘。     

患病后该休息还是运动

医院里患者最常听到的问候语是:好好休息,祝你早日康复。传统观念中患病总是与休息联系在一起。休息的医学术语叫制动,包括:卧床(各种伤病住院时普遍的措施)、局部固定(骨折或脱位时常用)等。休息的目的是为了保护身体健康。然而休息并不总是有利于康复。这里要谈的就是休息的另一面。先谈谈心血管疾病。许多患者发病时都采用卧床休     

婚姻就像双轮车

刘姨在大部分人眼中是很幸福的。当公务员的儿子是一个不大不小的官。丈夫事业有成。而刘姨做了二十年的全职太太。刘姨的生活也是很多人羡慕的。如果不是她强烈坚持,她现在唯一需要做的家务都会有人代劳。可是。刘姨却一天比一天不快乐。     

钙：帮助孕妈咪顺利生宝贝

钙是点燃细胞活力的火焰，钙是延续生命进程的使者。如果没有钙，根本就不会有生命的产生。在精子与卵子碰撞的刹那，起决定性因素的就是钙。如果钙摄人不足，精子的活力会大大减弱。对于没有“精气神”的精子，卵子连碰都不碰。而卵子如果缺钙，再活力四射的精子也会与其擦肩而过。许多为不孕煞费苦心的男女，恰恰缺了补充足够的钙这一必备功课。对于孕妈咪而言，能够促进分娩的钙同样扮演着主要角色。     

正确处理和准备食物的6个关键词

洗。先用香皂和温水洗手,再处理食物。加热。把禽肉蛋类食物彻底做熟。炖肉时可以将温度计插到肉里面测量至少要达到杀灭细菌的温度。以牛排为例,至少要达到71摄氏度才能杀灭细菌。鸡蛋做熟的标准是蛋黄彻底凝固。     

pyrG基因的克隆表达及CTPS的活性测定

为提高乳清酸到三磷酸胞苷(CTp)的转化效率,克隆并表达了编码CTP合成酶(CTPS)的基因pyrG。根据Genbank的资料,设计了pyrG的引物,经PCR扩增、酶切后,将pyrG插入到表达载体pET-28a中,构建了重组质粒pET28a-pyrG,然后转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,乳糖诱导表达后,经SDS-PAGE对表达产物进行分子量鉴定。分离纯化后,对表达产物CTPS进行活性测定,并对转化工艺进行初步研究。结果:构建的工程菌产生了一种相对分子质量在60.0k的蛋白,该蛋白显示出CTPS的活性,并且可以转化乳清酸为CTP。     

盐酸伐昔洛韦栓的制备及质量控制

目的:制备盐酸伐昔洛韦栓并建立其质量控制方法。方法:以明胶等为基质制备栓剂;采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸伐昔洛韦的含量,并考察其稳定性。结果:所制栓剂软硬度合适;盐酸伐昔洛韦检测浓度线性范围为10.1～50.5μg·mL-1(r=0.9998),平均回收率为98.73%(RSD=0.76%,n=3)。结论:该处方制备工艺简单,制剂质量稳定、可控。     

Acceptance of antibiotic mixtures by infants and children

Summary The acceptance by children of two pharmacologically identical phenoxymethyl-penicillin potassium and erythromycin ethylsuccinate mixtures, differing only in their flavouring agents, was compared in a randomised blind manner. The time a nurse required to give the drug to a child was recorded and a score of the acceptance was given by the nurse. The mean time to give erythromycin Brand 1 was 29 s (SD±21, number of children=20) and mean time to give Brand 2 it was 16 s (SD±13,n=18); the difference was significant (p<0.05). The mean scores were 2.9 (SD±0.025). The difference between the two penicillin products was not significant. The time required to give a medicine was a useful way to compare the effect of different flavouring mixtures on the acceptance of drugs by infants and children.     

Development and validation of an automated method for the liquid chromatographic determination of sotalol in plasma using dialysis and trace enrichment on a cation-exchange pre-column as on-line sample preparation

A fully automated method for the determination of sotalol in human plasma was developed, involving dialysis through a cellulose acetate membrane, clean-up and enrichment of the dialysate on a strong cation-exchange pre-column and subsequent liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis with UV detection. All sample handling operations were carried out by means of an ASTED system. Before starting dialysis, the trace enrichment column (TEC) was conditioned. The plasma sample, to which the internal standard (atenolol) was automatically added, was then loaded in the donor channel and was kept static while the dialysis liquid, consisting of 0.017 M acetic acid, was passed through the acceptor channel in successive pulses. After each pulse, the dialysate was dispensed onto the TEC. When dialysis was discontinued, the analytes were eluted from the TEC by the LC mobile phase by rotation of a switching valve and transferred to the analytical column packed with octyl silica. The LC mobile phase was a mixture of methanol and pH 7.0 phosphate buffer containing 1-octanesulfonate at a concentration of 7.5×10⁻⁴ M (19:81; v/v). The UV detection was performed at 230 nm. The influence of several parameters of the dialysis and trace enrichment processes on analyte recovery and method selectivity was investigated. The method was then validated. The mean absolute recovery for sotalol was about 60%. The limit of quantitation was 25 ng/ml and R.S.D. for repeatability and intermediate precision obtained at a concentration level of 50 ng/ml were 4.3 and 5.8%, respectively.     

A Stability Indicating Method for the Determination of the Antioxidant Sodium Bisulfite in Pharmaceutical Formulation by RP-HPLC Technique

A stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the determination of sodium bisulfate (SB), an antioxidant, in injectable dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax CN (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column, with a mobile phase consisting of a buffer mixture of 0.03 M tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, 0.01 M potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate, and acetonitrile at a ratio of 70:30 (v/v) and a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The eluted compound was monitored at a wavelength of 215 nm using a UV detector. The method described herein separated sodium bisulfite from all other formulation components within a run time of 10 min. The method also generated linear results over an SB concentration range of 10 to 990 μg/mL, and the limit of quantification was found to be 10 μg/mL. The stability indicating capability of the method was established by performing forced degradation experiments. The RP-HPLC method that was developed was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. This method was successfully applied in the quantitative determination of SB in a stability study of Amikacin sulfate injection. The procedure described herein is simple, selective, and reliable for routine quality control analysis as well as stability testing.     

一株携带VanB基因的异质性耐万古霉素表皮葡萄球菌的发现

目的:利用NCCLS推荐的菌群分析法对南昌地区收集到的耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)进行异质性耐万古霉素葡萄球菌的筛查,并对筛查到的菌株进行耐药基因检测和病案回顾性分析。方法:利用NCCLS推荐的菌群分析法进行异质性耐万古霉素菌株的筛查;利用聚合物酶链反应PCR法进行耐万古霉素VanA、VanB、VanC1、VanC2/3检测。结果:从一位患者的褥疮分泌物中分离到的一株异质性耐万古霉素葡萄球菌(代号H40)并检测出了耐万古霉素VanB基因。本研究中所测得的VanB基因序列已登录于NCBI,登录号为:AY960704。结论:异质性耐万古霉素葡萄球菌中检出VanB基因应属首例。     

硝苯啶与普萘洛尔治疗原发性高血压118例

原发性高血压118例(男72例,女46例;年龄54±12a;病程12±4a)采用硝苯啶(5-30mg/d,po)与普萘洛尔(5-30mg/d,po)合用治疗4a以上者,有效率100％,平均降压5.6/2.1kPa,脑卒中并发症减少,副反应轻微。复降片对照组80例(男49例,女31例;年龄52±13a;病程8±6a)采用复降片2-10片/d,po,治疗4a以上者,有效率64％,平均降压2.1/1.4kPa,与前者比较,P<0.01。     

大蒜中大蒜素含量的质量研究

目的建立大蒜中大蒜素的含量测定方法。方法采用Kromasil C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.1%甲酸溶液(75∶25)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长210 nm,柱温30℃。结果大蒜素在0.18～2.9μg范围内,与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为98.71%,RSD为3.4%,21批大蒜的平均含量为0.19%,确定大蒜中大蒜素(C6H10S3)的含量不得少于0.15%。结论大蒜含量测定方法简便、准确、精密度高、重现性好,建立方法已被《中国药典》2010年版(一部)收载。     

HPLC法同时测定复方辛伐他汀胶囊中辛伐他汀和马来酸依那普利的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定复方辛伐他汀胶囊中主要成分的含量。方法采用C18柱,柱温45℃,以0.025mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH4.5)-乙腈(7∶13)为流动相,流速为1.0mL·min-1,检测波长分别为辛伐他汀238nm,马来酸依那普利215nm。结果平均回收率分别为辛伐他汀99.92%,RSD=0.40%(n=9);马来酸依那普利100.76%,RSD=0.92%(n=9)。结论该方法简便、灵敏、准确度,适于复方辛伐他汀胶囊的质量控制。     

The kappa-opioid U-50,488H suppresses the initiation of nocturnal spontaneous drinking in normally hydrated rats

The effect of a systemic (IP) treatment with 1.0, 3.0 and 9.0 mg/kg U-50,488H (U50), a highly selective kappa-agonist, on spontaneous, nocturnal ingestive behavior of the rat was studied using a microcomputer controlled data acquisition system. The latency to initiate drinking was increased and drinking behavior was suppressed in the first hour after injection in a dose-dependent manner. The consummatory indices of drinking were not affected. After this period of adipsia, a phase of polydipsia, that was probably due to the diuretic effect of U50, was evident. The prophagic effect of U50 was evident only at the dose of 3 mg/kg and was accompanied by an increased duration of feeding episodes but not by a reduced latency to feed. These results suggest that kappa-receptors play a pivotal role in modulating spontaneous drinking in the normally hydrated rat and that this control is mainly exerted on the motivational aspect of drinking.