Prognostic factors in pathologic parametrium-positive patients with stage IB-IIB cervical cancer treated by radical surgery and adjuvant therapy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to identify prognostic factors and recurrent patterns in pathologic parametrium-positive patients with stage IB-IIB cervical cancers treated by radical surgery and adjuvant therapy. METHODS: The patient population consisted of 84 individuals presenting with stage IB-IIB cervical cancers and histologically proven parametrial invasion. All these patients were treated postoperatively with adjuvant external whole pelvic irradiation, combination chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-free survival rate was found to be 67.2% and 5-year overall survival rate, 75.4%. Multivariate analysis revealed that vaginal invasion (p=0.0008), lymph node metastasis (p=0.002), and non-squamous histology (p=0.010) were independent indicators of the disease-free survival rates and that the vaginal invasion (p=0.009) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.011) were independent prognostic factors for the overall survival rates. The 5-year overall survival rate was approximately 90% for patients without these risk factors. Disease recurrence was observed in 26 patients (31.0%) with a median time of 16.5 months (range, 5-59 months) from the surgery. Hematogenous recurrences, including those in the lung, liver, and bone, were significantly higher in patients with non-squamous cell carcinomas (p=0.008). Distant lymph node recurrences were significantly higher in patients with positive pelvic lymph node and vaginal invasion (p=0.004 and p=0.023, respectively). Pelvic recurrences were significantly higher in patients with vaginal invasion (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal invasion and lymph node metastasis are independent indicators for disease-free and overall survival rates in pathologic parametrium-positive patients with stage IB-IIB cervical cancer treated by radical surgery and adjuvant therapy. The survival rate is excellent in the patients without these risk factors. Hematogenous recurrence may be evident in patients with non-squamous cell carcinomas.     

Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina: a report of 32 cases

Between 1982 and 1992, 32 patients with squamous cell vaginal cancer were treated. Fourteen patients had stage I, 11 stage II, two stage III and five stage IV disease. The mean age of stage I and II patients was 64, of stage III and IV patients 73. Six patients were pessary-bearing, two had a total procidentia, eight had been treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), one for cervical cancer and one for vulvar cancer 5–21 years before diagnosis. One patient had had external irradiation for endometrial cancer 15 years before. Nine patients had no follow-up examinations after treatment for CIN, for vulvar cancer or after insertion of a pessary. In 14 patients doctors' or patients' delays were considerable. Most patients presented with vaginal discharge or bleeding, and urinary symptoms. Various treatment modalities were used. The selected patients who could be treated by surgery did best. Only patients with a stage I tumor or a stage II tumor with a diameter of at most 30 mm survived. Tumor stage and tumor diameter were the important prognostic factors. No patient died of disease after 33 months. Failure in obtaining local control was the usual cause of death. Recommendations for prevention or early diagnosis are formulated.     

Prognostic implications of thrombocytosis in patients with stage III and IV cervical cancer

Gücer F, Tamussino K, Panzitt T, Taucher A, Haas J, Petru E, Winter R. Prognostic implications of thrombocytosis in patients with stage III and IV cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1998; 8 : 369–373.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in patients with advanced (stage III and IV) cervical cancer. A total of 128 patients without conditions associated with thrombocytosis who received a diagnosis of stage III or IV cervical carcinoma at our department between 1985 and 1993 were included in the study. Thrombocytosis was defined as a platelet count above 400,000/μl. Ninety-two of 128 patients (72 %) had stage III and 36 (28%) had stage IV disease. Squamous cell carcinomas accounted for 109 (85%) of the carcinomas. Median follow-up was 11 months (range 1–106 months). Thrombocytosis was present in 33 of 128 (26%) patients. The mean pretreatment platelet count ± standard deviation ( SD ) was 345,000 ± 135,000. The estimated overall five-year survival rate was 16%. The five-year survival rate of the 33 patients with thrombocytosis was significantly worse than that of the 95 patients with a platelet count <400,000/μl (3.5 % vs 22%, P = 0.035). In patients with stage III disease and thrombocytosis, the five-year survival rate was significantly lower than in those without thrombocytosis (5% vs 26%, P = 0.036). In stage IV patients, there was no significant difference (0% vs 6%, P > 0.05). In multivariate analysis, age, hemoglobin, and treatment (vs palliation) were significantly associated with prognosis, whereas thrombocytosis was not. Thrombocytosis is not an independent prognostic factor in advanced stage cervical cancer.     

Adenocarcinoma of the cervix treated with radiation alone: prognostic significance of S-100 protein and vimentin immunostaining.

Fifty-nine patients with adenocarcinoma of the cervix were treated with radiation alone (eight stage I, 15 stage II, 25 stage III, and 11 stage IV patients). The disease-free 5-year survival rates for each stage were 63, 58, 30, and 9%, respectively. The incidence of vimentin-positive cancer cells in 20 women with adenosquamous carcinoma was significantly higher than that in 34 with endocervical adenocarcinoma (25 versus 6%; P less than .05). The outcome of stage III patients with S-100 protein-positive dendritic cells (Langerhans cells) or without vimentin-positive cancer cells was significantly better than that of women negative for S-100 protein or positive for vimentin (P less than .025 and P less than .05, respectively). These findings indicate that, along with clinical stage, Langerhans cell infiltration and the vimentin negativity of cancer cells are favorable prognostic factors in stage III adenocarcinoma of the cervix treated with radiation alone.     

高剂量率近距离放射治疗原发性阴道癌51例效果观察

目的：评价高剂量率近距离放射治疗（放疗）原发性阴道癌的效果,并与传统腔内镭疗进行比较。方法：对1989年1月－1999年12月期间接受了高剂量率近距离放疗的原发性阴道癌患者51例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。按国际妇产科联盟（FIGO）临床分期标准进行分期,I期10例,Ⅱ期13例,Ⅲ期23例,Ⅳ期5例。51例患者均接受了以放疗为主的治疗。体外照射予直线加速器产生的6MV或8MVX线盆腔前后野垂直轮流照射,照射剂量为盆腔正中平面40－50Gy;有3例患者辅助双侧腹股沟野照射,照射剂量45－50Gy;2例辅助外阴野照射,照射剂量30－40Gy。腔内治疗应用WD－HDR18治疗机,11例在阴道盒治疗时部分应用了Buchler治疗机。治疗时,根据肿瘤部位、大小、厚度等情况分别或联合应用阴道盒、阴道塞子、宫腔管或组织间插植针进行治疗。结果：患者的总5年生存率为58．8％,其中I期80．0％,Ⅱ期76．9％,Ⅲ期65．2％,Ⅳ期5例中0例。各期5年生存率均高于本院报道的传统的以腔内镭疗为主治疗原发性阴道癌的疗效。结论：高剂量率近距离放疗单独应用或与体外照射等联合应用治疗原发性阴道癌可取得不低于传统腔内镭疗的疗效,而且并发症发生率无明显提高。     

外阴癌39例手术治疗及预后分析

目的 总结我院治疗外阴癌的手术方式,分析与外阴癌预后有关的因素。方法 回顾性分析我院１９７９－１９９７年收治的３９例侵袭性外阴癌的临床资料。其中外阴病灶局部切除术５例、部分外阴根治术１３例及全外阴根治术２１例。应用ＳＰＳＳ地不同的手术方式秀关预后因素进行比较分析。结果 ３９例中鳞癌３３例,占８４．６％,其中高、中、低分化分别为２６、５、２例。临床分期为Ⅰ期７例（１７．９％）Ⅱ期１７例（４３．６％）     

Presentation of cervical cancer

To determine how patients with invasive cervical cancer present and whether presentation affects disease-free survival (DFS), a review of 81 patients treated for cervical cancer by the Division of Gynecologic Oncology and Pelvic Surgery at the Southern California Permanente Medical Group between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 1986, was performed. Fifty-six percent of patients presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding, twenty-eight percent presented with abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, nine percent presented with pain, four percent presented with vaginal discharge, and four percent presented with other symptoms. Follow-up was 24 to 41 months. Patients presenting with abnormal Pap smears had DFS of 96%. Those presenting with abnormal vaginal bleeding had DFS of 51% and those presenting with pain had DFS of 29%. Presentation strongly influences DFS (chi 2 = 16.8, P less than 0.001). Of women presenting with abnormal Pap smears, 87% were Stage I and 13% were Stage II. Of women presenting with other than abnormal Pap smears, 40% were Stage I, 34% were Stage II, and 26% were Stage III or IV. Presentation with abnormal Pap smear and stage are significantly related (chi 2 = 14.8, P less than 0.001). Of women presenting with abnormal Pap smears, 89% had cancers 0 to 2 cm, 5% had cancers 2.1 to 4 cm, and 5% had cancers greater than 4 cm in diameter. Of women presenting with other than abnormal Pap smears, 21% had cancers 0 to 2 cm, 26% had cancers 2.1 to 4 cm, and 53% had cancers greater than 4 cm in diameter. Presentation with abnormal Pap smear is significantly associated with tumor size (chi 2 = 25.4, P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Carcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus.

During the period 1971 and 1990, 500 patients underwent resection for carcinoma of the esophagus, 51 of whom had an associated Barrett's esophagus. Of these, 49 had adenocarcinoma and two had squamous cell carcinoma. Barrett's carcinoma accounted for 23.7 percent of the surgically treated adenocarcinomas during this period. Reflux symptoms were present in 13 patients preoperatively. Tumors developed in four patients who had undergone previous antireflux operation and in two patients on the surveillance program. By postresection staging, 18 patients had stage II tumors and 33 patients had stages III and IV tumors. Stage and length of the tumor were the only prognostic determinants. The overall 90 day hospital mortality rate was 17.6 percent. The hospital mortality rate before 1986 was 22.9 percent, but decreased to 6.3 percent in the last five years. The one, two and five year survival rates were 45.9, 25.0 and 13.6 percent, respectively. The five year survival rate was significantly greater for patients with stage II (25 percent) than for patients with stages III and IV (4.5 percent) (p less than 0.05) and for tumor length less than 6 centimeters (21 percent) than for tumors greater than 6 centimeters (zero percent; p less than 0.001).     

Prognostic factors for outcomes and complications for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina treated with radiation

PURPOSE: To analyze the results of treatment and identify prognostic factors for primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) of the vagina managed with radiotherapy at a single institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-eight patients were analyzed in this retrospective series. Mean characteristics: follow-up 89 months; age 65 years (range 33-99); tumor size 3.8 cm (0.3-10); treatment hemoglobin 12.4 g/dl (range 8.7-14.4); and tumor dose 72 Gy (range 6-127). In addition, 49% of our cohort had a prior hysterectomy. The FIGO stage distribution: I (42%); II (29%); III (17%); and IVA/B (11%). Sixty-two percent of patients were treated with a combination of external beam radiation (EBRT) and brachytherapy, 22% with EBRT alone and 13% with brachytherapy alone. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier (KM) 5-year pelvic control, distant metastasis free survival and disease specific survival probabilities: stage I, 83%, 100%, and 92%; stage II, 76%, 95%, and 68%; stage III, 62%, 65%, and 44%; and stage IV, 30%, 18%, and 13%. On multivariate analysis: stage; treatment hemoglobin; and prior hysterectomy were prognostic for DSS (p<0.05). The KM 5-year grade 3/4 (G3/4) complication free estimate of our cohort was 84%. G3/4 complications: tumor size and tumor dose were independently predictive (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Radiotherapy as a single modality for early stage primary vaginal SCCA produces good results. Advanced stage disease necessitates a combined modality approach and/or new methods. Treatment Hg levels appear to be clinically significant and studies on correction of anemia during treatment are warranted.     

Which clinical/pathologic factors matter in the era of chemoradiation as treatment for locally advanced cervical carcinoma? Analysis of two Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) trials

PURPOSE: To explore clinical/pathologic factors associated with prognosis of patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma treated with weekly cisplatin and pelvic radiation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data from 335 women who received weekly cisplatin and radiation while participating in similar arms of two GOG studies (protocols 120 and 165). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated for associations between clinical/pathologic factors and prognosis. Prognosis and selected toxicities were also compared between studies. RESULTS: Four-year PFS and OS for stage II patients were 64.2% and 68.1%, respectively for those treated on GOG 120 and 65.8% and 73.9% for those treated on GOG 165, compared to 51.4% and 55.4% for stage III/IV patients respectively treated on GOG 120 and 37.7% and 42.7% respectively for those treated on GOG 165. In multivariate analysis, stage, tumor grade, race and age were independently predictive of PFS and OS (for all, p<0.05). Prolonged (delayed for any cause) radiation was associated with poorer PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-3.38; p=0.012) and OS (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.08-3.26; p=0.024) in GOG 165 but not GOG 120. CONCLUSIONS: FIGO stage, tumor grade, race and age are prognostic in patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma treated with concurrent cisplatin and radiation. This exploratory analysis has generated a hypothesis that clinical staging (as per GOG 165) is less sensitive in detecting aortic nodal metastases compared to surgical staging (as per GOG 120) and may be associated with poorer prognosis particularly when radiation is prolonged. Prospective clinical studies are needed to test this hypothesis.     

The significance of paraaortic node status in carcinoma of the cervix and endometrium

Survival in 115 women with cervical carcinoma and 55 patients with carcinoma of the endometrium was correlated with the status of paraaortic lymph nodes and the clinical stage of disease. The survival probability at 48 months for patients with cervical cancer who had negative paraaortic lymph nodes was 86% for stage IB in comparison to 67% for those with advanced disease (clinical stages II, III, and IV). The difference of 19% between these two groups was not statistically significant nor was there a statistical difference in survival between early and advanced disease groups when paraaortic nodes contained tumor (37 vs 20%). For all stages of cervical cancer, survival was 80% with negative nodes and 20% with positive nodes at 48 months. In patients with endometrial carcinoma and negative paraaortic lymph nodes, projected survival at 48 months was 72% for stage I and 77% for stages II and III. When paraaortic lymph nodes demonstrated metastatic disease, survival uniformly decreased to 27% of patients with stage I cancer and 25% of those with stage II and III disease. For all stages of endometrial cancer, survival was 76% with negative nodes and 26% with positive nodes at 48 months. The presence or absence of metastatic disease in the paraaortic lymph nodes is an important prognostic factor that appears to be more useful in predicting survival than clinical stage of disease in patients with cervical and endometrial cancer.     

Prognostic factors in FIGO stage IB cervical cancer without lymph node metastasis and the role of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical hysterectomy

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and pathologic prognostic variables for disease free survival, overall survival and the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in FIGO stage IB cervical carcinoma without lymph node metastasis. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 393 patients with lymph node negative stage IB cervical cancer treated by type 3 hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy at the Hacettepe University Hospitals between 1980 and 1997. RESULTS: The disease free survival and overall survival were 87.6 and 91.0%, respectively. In univariate analysis, tumor size, depth of invasion, vaginal involvement, lympho-vascular space involvement (LVSI) and adjuvant radiotherapy were found significant in disease free survival. Overall survival was affected by tumor size, LVSI, vaginal involvement and adjuvant radiotherapy. Tumor size, LVSI and vaginal involvement were found as independent prognostic factors for overall and disease free survival in multivariate analysis. Disease free survival, recurrence rate and site did not differ between patients underwent radical surgery and radical surgery plus radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Tumor size, LVSI and vaginal involvement were independent prognostic factors in lymph node negative FIGO stage IB cervical cancer. Adjuvant radiotherapy in stage IB cervical cancer patients with negative nodes provides no survival advantage or better local tumoral control.     

Surgical curability and prognosis for standard versus extended resection for T1 carcinoma of the pancreas.

The prognosis of 185 patients who underwent surgical resection of small carcinomas of less than 2.0 centimeters (T1) of the pancreas in whom either standard or extended resection was used was analyzed. Pancreatic resection was performed upon 98.3 percent of the patients who were more than 49 years old. The location of the tumor was the head of the pancreas in 83.4 percent of the patients, the body of the pancreas in 13.2 percent and the tail of the pancreas in 3.3 percent. Tumor staging revealed 42.9 percent in stage I and the remainder in advanced stage, that is 33.1 percent stage II, 18.8 percent stage III and 5.1 percent stage IV. When standard resection was performed, surgical cure rates were more than 80 percent in stage I, II and III, but in stage IV, it was only 16.6 percent. After extended resection, the surgical cure rates increased even in stage IV (100 percent). There were no significant differences in the overall postoperative cumulative survival rates between standard and extended operation. In stage II, however, a significant better survival rate was observed after extended resection than after standard resection.     

Invasive vaginal carcinoma: analysis of early-stage disease

From 1960 through 1987, 89 patients with stage I (44 patients) or II (45 patients) vaginal carcinoma (excluding melanomas) were treated primarily at the Mayo Clinic. Treatment consisted of surgery alone in 52 patients, surgery plus radiation in 14, and radiation alone in 23. The median duration of follow-up was 4.4 years. The 5-year survival (Kaplan-Meier method) was 82% for patients with stage I disease and 53% for those with stage II disease (p = 0.009). Analysis of survival according to treatment did not show statistically significant differences. This report is consistent with previous studies showing that stage is an important prognostic factor and that treatment can be individualized, including surgical treatment for primary early-stage vaginal cancer.     

Cervical stump carcinoma therapy

59 patients with cervical stump cancer were reviewed. A distinction was made between true and coincident cancer. Histological features, therapeutic plan and survival rates are reported. In stage I treatment was mainly surgical, while in more advanced stages radiation therapy was applied. In 22.2% of cases combined surgical-radiation therapy was performed. The absolute 5-year survival for various clinical stages is as follows: stage I, 88.2%; stage II, 53.8%; stage III, 42.8%; stage IV, 0.0%. The overall absolute 5-year survival rate for all stages combined is 60.9%. Individualization of therapy can offer to the patient with cervical stump carcinoma a survival similar to the patient with cervical neoplasm with intact uterus.     

Early stage cervical cancer with negative pelvic lymph nodes: pattern of failure and complication following radical hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The objective was to optimize the adjuvant treatment for patients with lymph node negative cervical cancer by analyzing patterns of failure and complications following radical hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. METHODS: From September 1992 to December 1998, 67 patients with lymph node negative uterine cervical cancer (FIGO stage distribution: 50 Ib. 17 IIa), who had undergone radical hysterectomy and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy with a minimum of three years of follow-up were evaluated. All patients received 50-58 Gy of external radiation to the lower pelvis followed by two sessions of intravaginal brachytherapy with a prescribed dose of 7.5 Gy to the vaginal mucosa. For 21 patients with lymphovascular invasion, the initial irradiation field included the whole pelvis for 44 Gy. The data were analyzed for actuarial survival (AS), pelvic relapse-free survival (PRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and treatment-related complications. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the prognostic factors. RESULTS: The respective five-year AS, PRFS, and DMFS for the 67 patients were 79%, 93% and 87%. Multivariate analysis identified two prognostic factors for AS: bulky tumor vs non-bulky tumor (p = 0.003), positive resection margin (p = 0.03). The independent prognostic factors for DMFS was bulky tumor (p = 0.003), while lymphatic permeation showed marginal impact to DMFS (p = 0.08). The incidence of RTOG grade 1-4 rectal and non-rectal gastrointestinal complication rates were 20.9% and 19.4%, respectively. The independent prognostic factor for gastrointestinal complication was age over 60 years (p = 0.047, relative risk 4.1, 95% CI 1.2 approximately 11.7). The incidence of non-rectal gastrointestinal injury for the patients receiving whole pelvic radiation and lower pelvic radiation was 28.5% and 15.2%, respectively (p = 0.25). CONCLUSION: For patients with lymph node negative cervical cancer following radical hysterectomy, adjuvant lower pelvic radiation appears to be effective for pelvic control. It is also imperative to intensify the strategies of adjuvant therapy for some subgroups of patients.     

Treatment failure in vaginal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of treatment failure in patients with vaginal cancer. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with primary vaginal cancer (registered between 1957 and 1995) were reviewed. Primary treatment consisted of surgery in 12 patients and radiation in 39 patients. In these patients, the prognosis and treatment failure were analyzed in relation to clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate was 100% in stage 0 (N = 5), 82% in stage I (N = 11), 70% in stage II (N = 23), 0% in stage III (N = 5), 14% in stage IV (N = 7), and 61% overall (N = 51). Although early disease had a relatively favorable prognosis, two of five patients with stage 0 disease developed local recurrence. There was no site-related difference in survival, but survival was better when the tumor occupied less than one-third of the vaginal wall compared with more than one-third. All relapses in stage 0-II patients were local recurrences, whereas treatment failure in stage III-IV patients was due to either persistent local disease or new distant metastasis. CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that more intensive local therapy may achieve a better prognosis for patients with early disease. Conversely, suppression of distant metastasis along with aggressive local control is needed for advanced disease. Conventional radiotherapy alone is of little value for advanced disease.     

Advanced cervical carcinoma in Ibadan, Nigeria: an appraisal of radiation therapy.

This is a retrospective study of 500 patients with advanced cervical cancer (FIGO Stages IIB, III and IVA) who were seen and managed at the University College Hospital Ibadan between 1988 and 1992. External pelvic radiation therapy plus intractivary radioactive caesium brachytherapy was mainstay of treatment. Complete response to therapy was recorded in 68% of patients with stage IIB, 57% in stage III and 41.2% of patients in stage IVA. In patients with stage IIB, the local tumour control was 65%, in stage III patients 54% and in patients with stage IV 41%. The cumulative rates of survival at 5 years (for all the patients-with stage IIB, III and IVa) were 41.5%. The cumulative rates for disease-free survival at 5 years was 25.5%. Radiotherapy as the sole treatment modality in the management of advanced cervical cancer in Ibadan has yielded poor results as revealed in this study. There is an urgent need to evolve a new treatment policy with the aim of improving the response rate and survival in this group of patients.     

Evaluation of pre-radiotherapy staging laparotomy in cancer of the uterine cervix

Staging laparotomy prior to radiotherapy was performed in 70 patients with cervix cancer. Biopsy proven para-aortic lymph node metastases were found in 16(22.9%) patients. Pelvic lymph node metastases were estimated by palpation at laparotomy and 36(51.4%) patients were thought to be positive. Other laparotomy findings were: invasion to the bladder muscle in 14, cul-de-sac metastasis in 10, adnexal metastasis in 2, other intrapelvic metastasis in 3, and positive peritoneal cytology in 9. At laparotomy several hemostatic clips were put on the serosal surfaces of the uterine wall in order to visualize the uterine contour in the localization X-ray films. By this method, six patients were proved to have uterine perforation at the time of small source insertion. Five-year survival rates for each clinical stage were: Stage I, 60%; II, 35.7%; III, 56.8%; and IV 0%. It seems that stage II is worse than stage III, but statistical differences were not found among stages I, II, and III. Three patients with para-aortic metastasis survived for more than four years. Late radiation complications occurred in 25(35.7%) of the patients. This complication rate was statistically higher than that of the patients who had not undergone staging laparotomy (21.1%).     

年轻妇女子宫颈癌174例临床及预后分析

目的　分析 35岁以下年轻妇女子宫颈癌 (以下简称年轻宫颈癌 )的发病趋势、病因、临床表现、卵巢是否保留以及预后。方法　对 174例年轻宫颈癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 1991～ 2 0 0 1年我院年轻宫颈癌患者所占比例 (构成比 ,即年轻宫颈癌例数与同期宫颈癌总数之比 )分别为 1 2 %、1 2 %、4 3%、4 2 %、4 6 %、4 5 %、7 3%、9 0 %、10 7%、9 4 %、10 8% ,各构成比总体比较 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。临床症状以接触性阴道出血为主 ,为 10 1例 (5 8 0 % ) ;4 5例患者(2 5 9% )曾被误诊为宫颈炎 ;5 1例患者 (2 9 3% )有性生活紊乱史。 174例患者中 ,原位癌 2 2例 ,临床分期Ⅰa期 3例 ,Ⅰb期 37例 ,Ⅱa期 6 0例 ,Ⅱb期 34例 ,Ⅲb期 18例 ;宫颈鳞癌 14 3例 ,腺癌 2 7例 ,腺鳞癌 4例。手术患者中 ,2 9例淋巴管有累及 (2 9/ 119,2 4 4 % ) ,宫颈肌层浸润深度≥ 1/ 2者为 6 0例 (6 0 /12 2 ,4 9 2 % ) ,人乳头状瘤病毒 (HPV) 16和HPV18感染率为 34% (19/ 5 6 ) ,卵巢转移率为 0 8% (1/ 12 7)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期患者 5年生存率分别为 71 6 %、6 0 4 %、13 3% ,分别比较 ,差异均有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。多因素分析表明 ,临床分期、淋巴管是否累及和宫颈肌层浸润深度是影响预后的独立因素