抗VEGF抗体及抗KDR抗体对人胃癌生长的抑制作用

目的:观察抗VEGF及抗KDR抗体对胃癌生长和转移的抑制作用。方法:1)将不同浓度的抗VEGF及抗KDR抗体分别加入胃癌BGC-823细胞,培养5天后测细胞活性(MTT法)。2)采用原位种植裸鼠模型,观察抗VEGF抗体及抗KDR抗体的作用。实验分为4组:对照组,抗VEGF组,抗KDR组及抗VEGF+抗KDR组。自肿瘤种植后第7天起,经腹腔注射连续给药8周,每周2次,第10周末处死裸鼠,测定肿瘤重量和肝转移状况,计数微血管密度。结果:1)抗VEGF抗体和抗KDR抗体浓度由高至低对BGC-823细胞生长的抑制作用减弱。2)抗VEGF抗体和抗KDR抗体对原位肿瘤生长有明显抑制作用,两者合用时作用更明显;对照组肝转移率80.0%,而抗VEGF组、抗KDR组和二者合用组分别为16.7%、25.0%、0,与对照组相比其它3组的微血管密度(MVD)明显为低。结论:通过中和VEGF抗体和封闭KDR受体抑制血管形成,可能为胃癌的治疗提供一个新的途径。     

抗VEGF抗体及抗flt抗体对人喉癌HEP-2细胞系的生长抑制作用

目的：观察抗ＶＥＧＦ抗体及抗ｆｌｔ抗体对ＨＥＰ－２人喉癌细胞生长的影响,探讨ＶＥＧＦ对ＨＥＰ－２细胞的作用及作用方式。方法：将不同浓度的抗ＶＥＧＦ及抗ｆｌｔ抗体分别加入ＨＥＰ－２细胞的培养液中,培养５天后测ＨＥＰ－２细胞的活性（ＭＴＴ法）。结果：不同浓度的ＶＥＧＦ抗体作用于ＨＥＰ－２细胞时,浓度从１０μｇ／ｍｌ至１μｇ／ｍｌ时,对ＨＥＰ－２细胞的生长具有显著的抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０１）,当ＶＥＧＦ浓     

放疗联合抗VEGF抗体对肝癌移植瘤血管形成因子影响的实验观察

目的:探讨放疗联合抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)抗体抑制肝癌移植瘤血管形成因子的抑制作用。方法:SMMC-7721人肝癌细胞种植于裸鼠右后肢皮下,成瘤动物随机分为5组,每组5只。抗VEGF抗体50μg腹腔注射,隔日1次,共6次。第4次给药后放疗,6MeV电子线,剂量率4Gy/min。给药结束后2周处死动物,免疫组化检测肿瘤标本VEGF、缺氧诱生因子1α(HIF-1α)和基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2),并检测凋亡指数。结果:肝癌移植瘤VEGF中至强阳性表达,HIF-1α也表达中至强阳性,MMP-2弱至中阳性表达。抗VEGF抗体与放疗结合抑制VEGF和HIF-1α表达(P=0.002,P=0.013),放疗或抗体对MMP-2表达的影响差异无统计学意义,P=0.339。放疗和抗VEGF抗体均能诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,凋亡指数13.62±1.70和14.38±2.70,高于对照组5.18±0.85,P=0.000,放疗和抗VEGF抗体联合的凋亡指数高于单一治疗组,P=0.000。结论:放疗与抗VEGF抗体协同抑制肝癌移植瘤血管形成因子,放疗与抗血管形成剂联合应用是肝癌综合治疗的有效途径。     

HPD对人鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤放射增敏的ESR检测

ＨＰＤ对人鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤放射增敏的ＥＳＲ检测夏云飞１胡永红１黄冰２张恩罴１温桂兰关键词血卟啉衍生物放射疗法鼻咽肿瘤裸鼠自由基电子顺磁共振中图号Ｒ７３９．６１２近年来，血卟啉衍生物（Ｈｅｍａｔｏｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｉｎｄｅｒｉｖａｔｉｖｅｓ，ＨＰＤ）配合...     

血卟啉衍生物对人食管鳞癌裸鼠移植瘤放射增敏的形态观察

我们用手术切除的人食管癌组织成功建立了人食管鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤株（ＨＥＣ２［１］），并证实血卟啉衍生物（ＨｅｍａｔｏｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｉｎＯｅｒｉｖａｔｉｖｅＨＰＤ）对ＨＥＣ２的分次放射有增敏作用［２］。为了探讨ＨＰＤ对放射增敏作用的病理学基础，我们进...     

抗VEGF发卡状核酶抑制肝癌VEGF表达和移植瘤生长

目的:采用抗人血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)发卡状核酶基因转染肝癌细胞,观察核酶对VEGF表达及肿瘤生长的影响。方法:采用脂质体介导的方法,将人工合成的抗VEGF发卡状核酶基因转染肝癌细胞SMMC-7721,同时制备空载体和细胞对照,经G418筛选获得阳性克隆,基因组水平鉴定核酶在细胞中的表达,半定量RT-PCR法和免疫组化法观察核酶对SMMC-7721细胞VEGF表达的影响。接种各组细胞于裸鼠皮下,观察瘤体体积大小和质量,免疫组化法观测各组肿瘤微血管变化和VEGF的表达。结果:核酶基因成功导入到肿瘤细胞中,转基因细胞的增殖速率明显下降(P<0.01),转染核酶组细胞VEGF水平明显下降(P<0.01)。移植瘤成瘤率和生长速度减慢(P<0.01),肿瘤组织VEGF表达和血管形成减少(P<0.01)。结论:抗人VEGF发卡状核酶基因在体内、体外均可抑制肝癌VEGF表达,通过减少血管形成抑制肿瘤生长,为进一步开展肝癌血管靶向基因治疗提供实验依据。     

靶向肿瘤血管内皮细胞抑制人肝癌移植瘤生长的功能性抗体的研制

背景与目的:肿瘤的生长依赖于新生血管形成,阻断其血管形成可有效治疗肿瘤.本研究旨在研制抗人肝癌血管内皮细胞的功能性单克隆抗体,确定其抑制人肝癌移植瘤生长的作用.方法:用从新鲜人肝癌组织中分离、鉴定、培养的人肝癌血管内皮细胞免疫10只BALB/c小鼠.免疫小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合后采用甲基纤维素选择培养.使用活细胞免疫荧光、细胞增殖、内皮成管实验及"人源化血管"动物模型体内抑瘤实验筛选和鉴定有治疗潜力的功能性抗体.结果:细胞融合产生1 442个单个集落的杂交瘤株,获得119株阳性克隆,其中53株是具有抑制人肝癌血管内皮细胞增殖、成管的功能性抗体,2株被证实能抑制人肝癌移植瘤在BALB/c裸鼠体内的生长,抑瘤率为66.7%～76.5%.结论:建立了高通量制备、筛选、鉴定内皮细胞功能性单抗技术,获得了2株具有靶向血管内皮细胞抑制人肝癌移植瘤生长的功能性单抗.     

抗肝癌重组免疫毒素对荷人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:观察二硫键稳定人源化抗肝癌单链抗体(humanized disulfide stabilization single chain antibody,hdsFv)融合牛蛙核糖核酸酶(rana catesbeiana ribonuclease,RC-RNase)重组免疫毒素(hdsFv-RC-RN-ase)对荷人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用。方法:将人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721细胞接种于裸鼠皮下,建立荷人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤动物模型,随机分为3组,分别经尾静脉注射给予生理盐水、盐酸多柔比星和抗肝癌hdsFv-RC-RNase治疗,疗程为2周。通过测量各实验组裸鼠肿瘤体积及瘤质量变化,绘制肿瘤生长曲线并计算抑瘤率。治疗结束后取各组裸鼠肿瘤组织及重要器官HE染色,光学显微镜下观察。结果:治疗后hdsFv-RC-RNase组与空白对照组相比较,荷人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长速度显著减慢,肿瘤体积和瘤质量明显减小,P<0·01;同样,与盐酸多柔比星组相比较差异有统计学意义,P<0·01。hdsFv-RC-RNase组和盐酸多柔比星组抑瘤率分别为(78·9±4·1)%和(70·3±6·6)%,P<0·01。光学显微镜下观察hdsFv-RC-RNase组和盐酸多柔比星组肿瘤组织出现明显坏死,尤以前者更为显著。各实验组裸鼠重要器官未见明显异常。结论:抗肝癌hdsFv-RC-RNase重组免疫毒素对荷人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长具有良好的抑制作用。     

槲皮素对裸鼠人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的研究槲皮素对裸鼠人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721移植瘤生长的影响。方法建立SMMC-7721细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,通过比较肿瘤体积（TV）、相对肿瘤体积（RTV）和相对肿瘤增殖率[T/C（%）]变化检测槲皮素对肿瘤生长的影响;采用免疫组织化学方法测试槲皮素对移植瘤微血管密度（microvessel density,MVD）的影响。结果槲皮素治疗组不同程度抑制裸鼠移植瘤的生长,腹腔注射给药4周后,TV、RTV和T/C%明显下降,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;槲皮素50 mg/kg处理组MVD值（19.35±2.88）与对照组的MVD值（42.56±4.98）比较明显降低,差异有统计学意义。结论槲皮素可抑制裸鼠人肝癌SMMC-7721移植瘤生长,降低移植瘤MVD,从而抑制肝癌的侵袭转移。     

p27mt对裸鼠肝癌移植瘤侵袭性生长的影响

目的 研究外源性突变型p27基因(p27mt)对裸鼠皮下肝癌移植瘤侵袭性生长的影响。方法 应用细胞移植法把人原发性肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721种于BALB／c裸鼠皮下,构建人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤动物模型,将PBS液(100μl)、腺病毒介导的突变型p27(Ad-p27mt, 5.0×109 pfu, 100μl)及Lac Z(Ad Lac Z, 5.0×109 pfu, 100μl)分别注射到瘤体后,每隔3天测量肿瘤体积,计算肿瘤生长抑制率。于处理后21天取材行冰冻切片,免疫组织荧光化学法观察各组移植瘤的P27蛋白、CD44v6及Ⅷ因子的表达,数码成像后,用Image-Pro Plus软件计算荧光亮度和细胞总数,测量积分吸光度（integrated optical density,IOD）,计算平均吸光度（Average optical density,AOD）,以平均吸光度来反映细胞因子表达水平。结果 与Ad-Lac-Z、空白对照组比较,Ad-p27组移植瘤P27mt蛋白表达明显增高（P<0.01),并且过表达的P27mt蛋白明显减小了移植瘤体积,抑制了肿瘤的生长速度;血管大体观发现Ad-p27组血管不仅细而且分支少,Ⅷ因子免疫组织荧光化学观察发现瘤体内血管密度明显降低;同时Ad-p27组也明显降低了肿瘤细胞CD44v6 （P<0.05)。结论 Ad-p27mt能在裸鼠SMMC-7721肝癌皮下移植瘤过表达P27mt蛋白,不仅通过抑制血管的生成而抑制肿瘤的生长,而且通过降低肿瘤细胞CD44v6的表达而显著抑制移植瘤的侵袭性。     

抗胃癌单抗在肾包膜下荷人胃癌移植瘤裸小鼠体内生物学分布

 本人报道胃癌单抗MGb₂和MG7用¹²⁵I标记后, 观察它们在左右肾包膜下分别接种SGC-7901与GAⅡ移植瘤的裸小鼠体内的生物学分布。 结果表明, 腹腔注射¹²⁵I-MGb₂(40uci/7.4ugMGb₂/小鼠)后96小时．SGC－7901和GAⅡ移植瘤与血的T/NT值分虽为1.03和1.57。 而腹腔注射¹²⁵I－MG₇(40uci/7.4ugMG7/小鼠后96小时, 两移植瘤组织与血的T／NT值分别为0.31和1.53。     

人源抗肝癌单链抗体库的构建及初步鉴定

目的构建人源抗肝癌单链抗体基因噬菌体表面呈现文库。方法利用噬菌体表面呈现技术,构建基因文库,经过panning筛选富集后,用ELISA方法检验抗原结合活性。结果从30个噬菌体克隆中筛选到8个具有肝癌细胞株SMMC7721结合活性的阳性克隆。结论从外周血淋巴细胞中获取可变区基因,利用噬菌体抗体库技术制备人源抗肝癌单链抗体的策略是可行的。     

NK细胞对人鼻咽癌细胞CNE2裸鼠皮下移植瘤的抑制作用

 目的 研究同种异体NK细胞对人鼻咽癌细胞（CNE2）裸鼠皮下移植瘤的抑制作用。方法PCR-SSP法检测CNE2细胞HLA-A、B、Cw表型、NK细胞KIR表型（选择3例健康者为试验对象）,磁珠分离法分离NK细胞并进行体外培养扩增,LDH释放法测定NK细胞对CNE2细胞的体外杀伤活性。12只BALB/c裸鼠分为两组,每组6只,对照组裸鼠每只皮下接种1×106CNE2细胞,治疗组裸鼠每只皮下接种1×106CNE2细胞,同时每只经尾静脉注入3×107NK细胞,观察两组裸鼠成瘤时间、成瘤率、肿瘤体积变化、计算抑瘤率。结果 CNE2细胞表面HLA-A、B、Cw表型为A2,24;B18,35;Cw4,7,3例健康者均表达KIR2DL1、KIR2DL3、KIR3DL1、KIR3DL2。效靶比5∶1、10∶1、20∶1、30∶1时,NK细胞对CNE2细胞的杀伤活性分别为（9.37±2.14）%、（27.14±1.82）%、（36.40±4.28）%and（54.67±2.80）%。对照组和NK细胞治疗组肿瘤出现时间分别为（10.00±2.68）d、（18.80±1.64）d,（P〈0.01）,成瘤率分别为100%（6/6）、83.33%（5/6）,对照组和NK细胞治疗组裸鼠的瘤重分别为（2.22±0.09）g、（1.42±0.09）g,（P〈0.01）,NK治疗组的抑瘤率为36.04%。肿瘤组织石蜡切片病理学鉴定为低分化鳞状上皮细胞癌,NK细胞治疗组可见角化肿瘤细胞,较多的淋巴细胞浸润和大量细胞坏死区。结论 NK细胞对鼻咽癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤有明显的抑制作用,有希望成为治疗鼻咽癌的新方法。     

Comparison of Seven Iodine-Labelled Monoclonal Antibodies in Nude Mice with Human Colon Carcinoma Xenografts

The biokinetics of seven ¹³¹I-labelled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), directed against human colon carcinoma and one ¹²⁵I-labelled unspecific MAb have been examined. the study in nude mice, carrying human colon carcinoma, was intended to be a step in the selection of the most suitable antibody for clinical scintigraphy. the biological half-life in blood was found to be between 1.3 and 7.4 days for the different MAbs. Chromatography of plasma samples showed that the radioiodine was mainly bound to IgG-sized molecules. the (normal tissue)/blood ratios were similar for all the MAbs. the tumour/blood ratio was 0.41 for the unspecific MAb and 0.49-1.1 for the specific MAbs, and the tumour/muscle ratio was between 3.2 and 6.8 for the specific MAbs 6 days after injection. for one MAb tumour/blood and tumour/muscle ratios were 3.9 and 9.8 respectively 9 days after injection. Localization indices were at their highest 2.6 6 days after injection. for at least two of the monoclonal antibodies the tumour/blood and tumour/ muscle ratios found are high enough to justify clinical trials regarding their usefulness for scintigraphy of colon cancer in man.     

The Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect of Laser-Irradiated Gold Nanoparticles and Sorafenib Against the Growth of a Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line

Gold nanoparticles are the most promising candidate in cancer treatment due to their physiochemical properties and increased use in photothermal therapy (PTT). In the present study, spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized using citrate reduction method. The particles were then characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope. A hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) was incubated with sorafenib and/or non-irradiated or laser-irradiated AuNPs for 48 hrs. The cytotoxic effect of different treatment modalities was determined using MTT assay. Furthermore, apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using annexin V/propidium iodide, as well as estimating the level of caspases. Results showed that AuNPs and sorafenib reduced HepG2 cell viability, and the cytotoxicity was associated with increased release of LDH in the culture medium. The recorded cytotoxicity was attributed to enhanced apoptosis as revealed by increased cellular caspases (3, 8 and 9), that was further confirmed by flow cytometry. The most notable cytotoxic effect was recorded when combining sorafenib with laser-irradiated AuNPs. In conclusion, a synergistic cytotoxic effect was observed between sorafenib and laser-irradiated AuNPs against the growth of HepG2, suggesting the potential substitution of large toxic doses of sorafenib by lower doses in combination with photothermal therapy.     

Wide Spectrum of Antitumor Activity of a Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody to Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known as an angiogenic factor for tumor angiogene—sis. We developed a neutralizing anti—VEGF monoclonal antibody (MAb), MV833, and examined its antitumor activity against 27 human tumor cell lines transplanted in nude mice. All the tumor cell lines used in this study secreted various amounts of VEGF into culture medium in vitro. However, the growth of the cell lines, including three which expressed VEGF receptor, was not affected by exogenously added MV833 in vitro. All tumor cell lines including colon, lung, breast, pancreas, and melanoma, grew subcutaneously in nude mice. The growth of HeLa/v5, which had been transformed by human VEGF₁₂₁ gene and secreted large amounts of VEGF, was significantly faster than that of the control vector transformant. Although the amounts of VEGF secreted from two HeLa transformants differed greatly, MV833 completely inhibited the growth of both tumors. Moreover, the growth of the other 25 human tumor cell lines transplanted into nude mice was also strongly suppressed by MV833. Neither the amount of VEGF secreted from each tumor cell line in vitro nor the expression of VEGF receptor correlated with the antitumor activity of MV833. MV833, administered when tumor volumes reached 400 mm₃, completely inhibited the growth of some tumor lines. The results show VEGF to be a critical angiogenic factor for many tumors. VEGF—neutralizing antibody could be applicable as an antitumor agent for a wide range of tumors.     

YC-1对人肝细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤的影响及其机制

目的探讨缺氧诱导因子抑制剂（YC-1）对人肝癌细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤的影响及其相关机制。方法用人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721建立人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,待肿瘤生长至约（100~150）mm3时,将荷瘤裸鼠随机分为两组：实验组和对照组,分别给予YC-1和二甲基亚砜,观察两组裸鼠肿瘤生长情况;应用RT-PCR、Western blot及免疫组织化学方法检测移植瘤组织HIF-1α和VEGF表达。结果YC-1治疗组各时点肿瘤体积显著低于对照组(P<0. 05 );与对照组比较,实验组移植瘤组织HIF-1α mRNA表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而HIF-1α蛋白的表达显著降低 (P<0. 05 );移植瘤组织VEGFmRNA及蛋白表达均显著低于对照组 (P<0. 05 )。结论YC-1可能通过下调HIF-1α和VEGF的表达来抑制肝癌的生长。