本体感觉神经肌肉促进法治疗脑梗死运动功能障碍疗效观察

目的观察本体感觉神经肌肉促进法对脑梗死后遗留运动功能障碍患者运动功能恢复的治疗效果。方法脑梗死后遗留运动功能障碍患者80例随机分为2组各40例,对照组给予传统康复治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上应用本体感觉神经肌肉促进法治疗,比较2组治疗前,治疗4周、8周后功能独立性评分。结果 2组治疗4周,8周后功能独立性评分均较治疗前增高(P<0.05);治疗4周、8周后治疗组功能独立性评分较对照组提高(P<0.05)。结论本体感觉神经肌肉促进法可提高脑梗死后遗留运动功能障碍患者运动功能。     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法中山医科大学康复医学教研室唐丹卓大宏（指导）１本体感觉神经肌肉促进法（ＰＮＦ）ＰＮＦ即本体感觉神经肌肉促进法（ｐｒｏｐｒｉｏｃｅｐｔｉｖｅＮｅｕｒｏｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒＦａｃｉｌｉｔａｔｉｏｎ）的英文字头。按照Ｂａｓｍａｊｉａｎ和Ｂ...     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法治疗颞下颌关节紊乱综合征疗效分析

目的探讨本体感觉神经肌肉促进法治疗颞下颌关节紊乱综合征的治疗效果。方法 98例颞下颌关节紊乱综合征患者随机分为本体感觉神经肌肉促进法治疗组(PNF治疗组)和关节镜灌洗术治疗组各49例,评定2组治疗后颞下颌关节功能恢复情况。结果 2组治疗后开口度均较治疗前明显增加(P<0.05),VAS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),关节咬合均改善,2组治疗后各观察指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本体感觉神经肌肉促进法可有效治疗颞下颌关节紊乱综合征,可作为关节镜灌洗术替代治疗方法。     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法用于治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效分析

目的：探讨应用本体感觉神经肌肉促进法（PNF）治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效。方法：选择颞下颌关节紊乱病39例,随机分为PNF治疗组和对照组,应用颞下颌关节功能评价(Fricton 指数法)分别评定两组患者治疗前后颞下颌功能状况及比较治疗后两组患者的颞下颌功能状况。结果：治疗后两组颞下颌关节功能评分均较治疗前明显下降（P<0.05）,治疗后PNF组患者的下颌运动分、 肌肉压诊分、肌肉触压痛指数、颞颌关节功能障碍指数及颞下颌关节紊乱指数明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：本体感觉神经肌肉促进法可明显缓解颞下颌关节紊乱病的各种症状,尤其是在改善下颌运动和缓解肌肉疼痛方面。     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法和全身振动训练对功能性踝关节不稳干预效果的比较

目的 比较本体感觉神经肌肉促进法(PNF)和全身振动训练(WBVT)对功能性踝关节不稳(FAI)患者的干预效果。方法 2021年5月至7月,于北京体育大学招募FAI男大学生17例,随机分为PNF组(n=8)和WBVT组(n=9),分别接受PNF训练和WBVT,共6周。干预前后采用Y平衡测试仪、动态平衡仪、三维测力台和运动捕捉系统进行测试。结果 训练方法对Y平衡成绩、平均轨迹误差以及各落地后动力学参数的主效应均不显著(F <4.090, P> 0.05),训练方法和时间对落地后踝关节屈伸活动范围的交互效应显著(F=6.232, P=0.030),PNF的效应量更大;时间和训练方法对左右地面反作用力峰值出现时间交互效应显著(F=10.674, P=0.008),WBVT组峰值出现时间更晚(P <0.05)。结论 PNF和WBVT对FAI患者的效果总体相当。     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法对5km越野后肌疲劳的作用及最佳干预时机

背景:5 km 越野训练后会使人体出现肌疲劳,常导致各种程度的肌肉酸痛和肌无力等,而神经肌肉促进法可改善关节和肌肉柔韧性.目的:观察感觉神经肌肉促进法对新入学军校学员5 km 越野训练后肌疲劳的干预作用及最佳干预时机.方法:选择新入学的健康军校男学员,均进5 km 越野训练.分别在训练前、后针对双下肢、骨盆带肌肉采用本体感觉神经肌肉促进法干预,并设置正常训练组作对照.在训练前,训练后第1,3,5 天分别评定其肌疲劳度,并检查相关血液生化指标.结果与结论:训练后第1,3,5 天全部对象肌疲劳度和相关血液生化指标肌红蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶和肌酸磷酸激酶的平均增幅差异均为训练后神经肌肉促进干预组< 训练前神经肌肉促进干预组< 正常训练组(P < 0.05).结果表明经本体感觉神经肌肉促进法干预可以降低5 km 越野训练后相关血生化指标的增高,减轻肌损伤,降低肌疲劳.训练结束后当天行本体感觉神经肌肉促进法干预为最佳时机.     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进法对5km越野后肌疲劳的作用及最佳干预时机

背景：5km越野训练后会使人体出现肌疲劳,常导致各种程度的肌肉酸痛和肌无力等,而神经肌肉促进法可改善关节和肌肉柔韧性。目的：观察感觉神经肌肉促进法对新入学军校学员5km越野训练后肌疲劳的干预作用及最佳干预时机。方法：选择新入学的健康军校男学员,均进5km越野训练。分别在训练前、后针对双下肢、骨盆带肌肉采用本体感觉神经肌肉促进法干预,并设置正常训练组作对照。在训练前,训练后第1,3,5天分别评定其肌疲劳度,并检查相关血液生化指标。结果与结论：训练后第1,3,5天全部对象肌疲劳度和相关血液生化指标肌红蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶和肌酸磷酸激酶的平均增幅差异均为训练后神经肌肉促进干预组〈训练前神经肌肉促进干预组〈正常训练组（P〈0.05）。结果表明经本体感觉神经肌肉促进法干预可以降低5km越野训练后相关血生化指标的增高,减轻肌损伤,降低肌疲劳。训练结束后当天行本体感觉神经肌肉促进法干预为最佳时机。     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术及其应用

本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术及其应用广州市第六人民医院康复医学科窦祖林本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术（ｐｒｏｐｒｉｏｃｅｐｔｉｖｅｎｅｕｒｏｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒｆａｃｉｌｉｔａｔｉｏｎａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ，ＰＮＦ）与Ｂｏｂａｔｈ、Ｒｏｏｄ、Ｂｒｕｎｎｓｔｒｏｍ的神经肌...     

本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术原理和应用

本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术原理和应用河北省人民医院魏国荣曲镭校本体感觉神经肌肉促进法（ＰｒｏｐｒｉｏｃｃｐｔｉｖｅＮｅｕ－ｒｏｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒＦａｃｉｌｉｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＰＮＦ）是一种治疗性锻炼的方法。目的在于改善运动控制能力、增加肌力、耐力以改善功能。...     

神经肌肉关节促进法对膝关节粘连关节镜松解术后的治疗作用

目的:观察神经肌肉关节促进法治疗膝关节粘连所致膝关节功能障碍关节镜松解术后的治疗作用。方法:膝关节粘连所致膝关节功能障碍关节镜松解术后患者45例,随机分为观察组,对照组1和对照组2各15例,均接受常规康复治疗12周,观察组增加NJF法训练,对照组1加用本体感觉神经肌肉促进法(PNF)训练,对照组2加用关节松动术训练。结果:治疗12周时3组患者膝关节主动活动度范围、膝关节百分评分及Lysholm膝关节功能评分与治疗4周时比较均有提高,疼痛目测类比评分明显下降(P0.05);与对照组1和对照组2比较,观察组表现更明显(P0.05)。结论:NJF对膝关节粘连所致膝关节功能障碍关节镜松解术后患者功能恢复有明显的促进作用。     

A comparison of a self-stretch incorporating proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation components and a therapist-applied PNF-technique on hamstring flexibility

Objectives To compare the effectiveness of a self-stretch incorporating proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation components (Group I) versus a PNF ‘Slow Reversal Hold Relax’(SRHR) technique applied by a physiotherapist (Group II) in comparison to a control group receiving no intervention.Design Subjects were randomly allocated to either one of the two experimental groups or a control group.Setting Treatment room at Queen Margaret University College, Edinburgh, Scotland.Participants Forty-two subjects between the ages of 20 and 55.Main outcome measures Range of hip flexion assessed by a passive straight leg raise measured at baseline and again following the intervention.Results The mean change in range of right hip flexion was found to be 9.6° (95% confidence interval 6.6-12.6°) in Group I and 12.6° (95% confidence interval 9.6-15.5°) in Group II. Post hoc analysis demonstrated Groups I and II to be significantly different to the control group (P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences when the stretching regimes were compared.Conclusions Both stretching regimes incorporating proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation components resulted in a significant increase in hamstring flexibility when applied once for 2 minutes. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.     

Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching at low-intensities with standing toe touch on developing and maintaining hamstring flexibility

BackgroundProprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching at low intensities has been rarely investigated. Previous studies have shown that hamstring flexibility after stretching is only temporary.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of low intensities (40% and 10% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction, MVIC) of PNF stretching on hamstring muscles and to assess the effect of standing toe touch on the duration of hamstring flexibility.MethodsThis was a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Sixty-four healthy adults (age, 22.67 ± 1.73 years) were selected and divided into four groups: 40% intensity PNF stretching (P40), 10% intensity PNF stretching (P10), 40% intensity PNF stretching with toe touch (P40 with TT), and 10% intensity PNF stretching with toe touch (P10 with TT). Hamstring flexibility was measured using the active knee extension test (pre-stretching, post-stretching, and 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 min after PNF stretching).ResultsIn the P40, P40 with TT, and P10 with TT groups, significant changes were observed at all time points after stretching (p < 0.05). In the P10 group, significant changes were only observed immediately post stretching (p = 0.006) and at 3 min (p = 0.029) after stretching. In terms of maintaining the duration of flexibility, the P40 with TT and P10 with TT groups were superior to the P40 and P10 groups.ConclusionPNF stretching at low intensity, approaching 40% of MVIC, led to more flexibility than 10% MVIC. Additionally, standing toe touch after PNF stretching is recommended to develop and maintain hamstring flexibility.     

The use of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in physiotherapy practice

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this paper is to critically review the evidence base for the use of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) in physiotherapy practice. Given the evolving understanding of underlying physiological concepts and research developments in the more than 50 years since Herman Kabat originated the concept, there is a need to review the current evidence base.

Method: Empirical studies investigating the effectiveness of PNF for increasing range of movement and functional rehabilitation for clinical and non-clinical populations along with patterns and irradiation concepts were reviewed.

Results: Although it was difficult to draw definitive conclusions due to the lack of cognate studies and varying methodological quality of papers, a number of studies did demonstrate encouraging results for the use of PNF, particularly with regard to increasing range of movement.

Conclusions: Further research is needed to explore individual components of PNF therapeutic approaches and their wider application in key clinical populations such as stroke with standardized outcome measures appropriate to clinical practice. Secondly there is need for the development of new paradigms to fully consider the underlying physiological concepts explaining the effectiveness of PNF.     

Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques improve hamstring flexibility better than static stretching alone: a randomized clinical trial

Objectives: Tight hamstrings contribute to inefficiency of movement and increased risk for injury. Static stretching is the most common intervention for this problem, but the use of alternatives like instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is increasing among clinicians. This study examined two prospective studies with the common aim of demonstrating the effectiveness of IASTM or PNF over static stretching for improving hamstring tightness.

Methods: Nondisabled adults were recruited on a university campus. IASTM study: N = 17 (11 males and 6 females). PNF study: N = 23 (7 males and 16 females). Hip flexion range of motion was measured with a passive straight leg raise (for IASTM) or active straight leg raise (for PNF) before and after stretching. Participants performed a self-static stretch on one leg and received the alternative intervention on the contralateral leg. The two studies were analyzed separately for reliability indices and significant differences between interventions.

Results: Hip flexion measures showed good reliability in both studies (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.97) with a minimal detectable change of <4.26. Both studies showed significant interactions between time and intervention (p < 0.05). Follow-up analyses revealed PNF and IASTM interventions resulted in greater increases in hip flexion range than static stretching.

Discussion: These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of PNF and IASTM techniques over static stretching for hamstring flexibility. These interventions provide more efficient alternatives for improving flexibility in the clinic, allowing greater progress in a shorter period of time than an equivalent static stretching program.

Level of Evidence: 1b.     

Overflow using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in post-stroke hemiplegics: A preliminary study

Hemiplegia is the classic condition resulting from a stroke. To assist in recovery, the overflow method can be employed to stimulate the affected limb, using the healthy contralateral lower limb (LL) to activate the plegic upper limb (UL) musculature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of overflow using the PNF method on the plegic upper limb muscles of post-stroke individuals in the acute and chronic stages, as well as on the muscles of healthy individuals. A total of 22 individuals participated in the work, comprising 8 healthy individuals (control group), 6 post-stroke acute stage individuals (acute group), and 8 post-stroke chronic stage individuals (chronic group). The participants were assessed using a questionnaire with sections for personal and disease data and application of the ICF scale and the Fugl-Meyer index. The three groups were submitted to electromyographic evaluation, using the posterior deltoid (PD), anterior deltoid (AD), pectoralis major (PM), and external oblique (EO) muscles in four different positions: P1 (resting the UL, with the LL contralateral to the affected limb positioned in diagonal); P2 (resting the UL, with manual resistance in the contralateral LL); P3 (affected UL positioned in diagonal, with manual resistance in the contralateral LL) e P4 (affected UL positioned in diagonal, with fixed point and manual resistance in the contralateral LL). The electromyography results revealed no significant differences between most of the positions for the four muscles evaluated (p > 0.05). However, high clinical relevance (d > 0.8) was found for muscle activation in positions 2 and 4. It could be concluded that for post-stroke individuals in the acute and chronic stages, overflow using PNF effectively increased activation of the PD, AD, PM, and EO muscles in the P2, as well as position 4.     

Effects of two 4-week proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation programs on muscle endurance, flexibility, and functional performance in women with chronic low back pain

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Improving functional performance in patients with chronic low back pain is of primary importance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 2 proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) programs on trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, and functional performance in subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP). SUBJECTS: Eighty-six women (40.2+/-11.9 [mean+/-SD] years of age) who had complaints of CLBP were randomly assigned to 3 groups: rhythmic stabilization training, combination of isotonic exercises, and control. METHODS: Subjects trained with each program for 4 weeks with the aim of improving trunk stability and strength. Static and dynamic trunk muscle endurance and lumbar mobility were measured before, at the end of, and 4 and 8 weeks after training. Disability and back pain intensity also were measured with the Oswestry Index. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that both training groups demonstrated significant improvements in lumbar mobility (8.6%-24.1%), static and dynamic muscle endurance (23.6%-81%), and Oswestry Index (29.3%-31.8%) measurements. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Static and dynamic PNF programs may be appropriate for improving short-term trunk muscle endurance and trunk mobility in people with CLBP.     

Vibratory facilitation of strength in fatigued muscle

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of tendon vibration on isometric torque and electromyographic activity of fatigued muscles. DESIGN: Subjects performed a 30-trial isometric (2-s maximal effort contractions alternating with 6-s rest periods) elbow extensor fatigue series. Three additional trials with the same work-to-rest ratio were then performed in which the triceps extensor tendon was subjected to a 60-Hz, 1-mm vibration during the rest intervals. SETTING: A biomechanics research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirteen healthy women without history of upper-extremity injury or neurologic disorder. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Elbow extension torque was measured with a load cell. Triceps and biceps brachii muscle activity was measured with surface electromyography electrodes. RESULTS: Elbow extension torque increased 10% (2 Nm) during the stimulation trials relative to the control trials (P<.05). The associated increase in mean peak-to-peak electromyographic amplitude was 47 % (103 microV) for the triceps brachii and 38% (33 microV) for the biceps brachii (all P<.05). The electromyographic frequency measures failed to reach the.05 probability level of significance. CONCLUSIONS: Elbow extension torque and triceps electromyographic activity were facilitated by tendon vibration of fatigued triceps in healthy subjects. This finding supports the use of proprioceptive feedback to facilitate voluntary muscle contractions.