刺激型血小板McAb对人血小板胞浆内钙离子浓度的影响

McAb APt_4、HIP_2、HI117和SJ-9A_4的结合位点分别在血小板膜GPⅡb/Ⅲa、GPⅡb和CD9抗原上,其均能引起血小板聚集,但其作用机理尚不清楚.据报道许多血小板诱聚剂可使血小板胞浆内Ca~(2+)浓度升高,本实验观察这4种McAb对人血小板胞浆内Ca~(2+)浓度的影响。 取正常人全血,ACD抗凝,分离血小板,与Ca~(2+)荧光指示剂fura2-AM共同温育45min,使fura2载入血小板,然后用Hepes液洗3遍.采用单激发光源的日立F-3010型荧光分光光度计测量载有fura2     

抗GPⅡb／Ⅲa和抗CD9单克隆抗体对人血小板Ca对流的影响

采用Ca~(2 )敏感光蛋白Aequorin法测定结合位点在GPⅡb/Ⅲa的单克隆抗体(Mc-Ab)Apt_4及在CD9抗原的McAb XW-1和SJ-9A_4对人血小板胞浆Ca~(2 )的影响,发现Ap-t_4和XW-1可引起载有Aequorin的血小板Ca~(2 )内流,SJ-9A_4可引起载有Aequorin的血小板Ca~(2 )内流和释放。钙通道阻滞剂异搏定可完全抑制Apt_4引起的血小板Ca~(2 )内流和聚集,部分抑制XW-1和SJ-9A_4引起的血小板胞浆Ca~(2 )浓度([Ca~(2 )]i)升高和聚集。ADP抑制剂CP/CPK和钙调蛋宜抑制剂EBB部分抑制3种McAb的作用,环氧酶抑制剂ASA只有轻度抑制作用。实验结果提示3种McAb引起的血小板[Ca~(2 )]i升高和活化的途径不同。     

单克隆抗体HIP_2有明显刺激造血祖细胞增殖的作用

我们曾报道一种抗人血小板单克隆抗体(McAb)HIP_2能识别GPⅡ_b(M.W.140KD),并有明显刺激血小板引起聚集和释放的功能.并提出基于其对血小板功能的不同影响,可将抗血小板抗体分为刺激型、抑制型和无作用型三种。 最近发现HIP_2 McAb有明显刺激多系造血祖细胞增殖的作用。用半固体培养集落形成技术研究发现,在CFU-E体系中HIP_2有同等或优于红细胞生成刺激素(EPO)的作用。CFU-E集落形成     

钙离子对血小板细胞骨架各组分相互作用的影响

为了研究血小板在受到刺激时细胞骨架排列变化的机理,作者研究了在有钙与无钙缓冲液中,肌动蛋白结合蛋白(ABP)、α-辅肌动蛋白和肌动蛋白三者的相互作用。结果表明,在无钙溶液中,α-辅肌动蛋白能增加ABP和肌动蛋白的相互作用。在有钙条件下,则可减弱ABP和肌动蛋白的相互作用。钙也能减弱与膜相连的细胞骨架成分的相互作用,因而增加了它们在含钙缓冲液中的溶解度。 根据这些结果,作者提出如下设想:在血小板活化时,胞浆内的Ca~(2+)浓度上升,可能通过减弱ABP、α-辅肌动蛋白和肌动蛋白微丝的相互作用,从而导致细胞骨架短暂解聚。这种解聚过程有利于细胞骨架微丝的重组和伪足形成。     

抗人血小板Tetraspanin (CD9)单克隆抗体以不依赖Fc受体的方式激活血小板整合素αⅡbβ3

目的　研究 2种抗人血小板tetraspanin单克隆抗体HI117和SJ9A4引起的血小板整合素活化及其机制。方法　用12 5Ⅰ标记的人纤维蛋白原 ,测定HI117和SJ9A4引起的纤维蛋白原与人血小板的特异的结合 ,表明这 2种单抗激活血小板整合素αⅡbβ3。结果　HI117和SJ9A4 ( 10 μg ml和 2 0 μg ml)引起纤维蛋白原与人血小板特异的结合 ,表明这 2种单抗引起血小板整合素αⅡbβ3激活 ,进一步研究表明这种激活不依赖血小板Fc受体 ,而且HI117和SJ9A4引起的血小板整合素αⅡbβ3激活可由于以Sphingosine、Aspirin、αβ、rase和成PGI2 预处理血小板而被抑制。结论　抗人血小板tetraspanin (CD9)单克隆抗体HI117和SJ9A4能引起血小板整合素αⅡbβ3激活且不依赖Fc受体 ,3种信号途径即血栓烷 ,分泌ADP和CAMP途径可能涉及这一过程 ,蛋白激酶C激活可能是这 3个途径的共同步骤。     

血小板活力与胞外钙离子浓度的关系

作者对血小板活力与胞外Ca~(2+)浓度间的关系作了观察。证明在家兔和大鼠的柠檬酸盐抗凝的富含血小板血浆中,以不同的激活剂激活血小板时,其变形速率不因外加不同剂量的Ca~(2+)有所改变;而释放和聚集活力则随外加Ca~(2+)的剂量增加而增加。因此在动物试验中,在其富含血小板血浆中,外加一定量的Ca~(2+)以使血小板活力充分发挥很有必要,以满足当时血小板赖钙反应的进行。     

剪切应力在血小板聚集及血栓形成中的作用

[目的 ]通过观察剪切应力诱导下血小板细胞骨架的变化 ,探讨力学作用对血栓形成的影响 .[方法 ]用锥板式流变血小板聚集仪给予剪切应力 ,以十二烷基硫酸钠 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法观察血小板内细胞骨架的变化 .[结果 ]在剪切应力的作用下 ,血小板内球状肌动蛋白转变为纤维状肌动蛋白 ,并与血小板聚集存在着平行的关系 ,而当合用钙调蛋白抑制剂时 ,纤维状肌动蛋白增多及血小板聚集同时受到抑制 .[结论 ]剪切应力的诱导和细胞内游离钙水平与血小板聚集及肌动蛋白含量变化有密切的关系 .     

硝苯吡啶抗动脉粥样硬化的实验研究——Ⅳ、对血小板形态和聚集功能的影响

本文报道硝苯吡啶对实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔血小板形态和聚集功能的影响。血小板聚集比率在正常饮食组为0.194±0.028,高脂对照组为0.472±0.027,硝苯吡啶组为0.217±0.012。扫描和透射电镜观察,血小板超擞结构在高脂刺激下呈现伪足、突起,颗粒明显减少,管道系统开放;硝苯吡啶能明显抑制之。结果提示硝苯吡啶抗血小板作用机制可能与抑制血小板 Ca~(2+)内流,降低胞浆内 Ca~(2+)浓度和血浆 LPO 水平有关。     

牛磺酸对Ca~(2+)引起的脂质体聚集的影响

在人工生物膜—脂质体上观察了牛磺酸对Ca~(2+)引起的脂质体聚集的影响。结果表明,牛磺酸对Ca~(2+)引起的脂质体聚集的影响呈双向性,即低Ca~(2+)浓度(5μmol/L)时促进,而高Ca~(2+)浓度(5mmol/L)时抑制脂质体聚集。牛磺酸的上述作用受脂质体内Na~+和K~+浓度的影响。实验结果提示,牛磺酸具有缓冲Ca~(2+)效应的作用,这可能是牛磺酸能有效调节细胞钙稳态的机理之一。     

家兔血小板内钙离子的测定

ADP、花生四烯酸、凝血酶、血栓素A_2(T×A_2)及Ca~(2+)等对血小板的聚集功能都有影响。Ca~(2+)是血小板的成分之一,血小板内Ca~(2+)含量的增减必然会影响血小板的功能,所以,测定血小板内Ca~(2+)含量也越来越被重视。国内尚未见此类报道。我们测定了家兔血小板内Ca~(2+)的含量,以供国内广大研究者参考。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.