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1.
2型糖尿病遗传学上性别差异的探讨   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
[目的] 探讨2型糖尿病在遗传学上是否有性别差异。[方法] 以调查表方式寄给在我院就诊的有糖尿病家族史的2型糖尿病患者,一个家系中有3例糖尿病患者则进行家访核实。[结果] 有2型糖尿病一级阳性家族史者共计312例,其中男109例,女203例,男女之比是1∶1.86(P<0.01)。并有204例糖尿病患者父母亲患糖尿病,分别为父亲62例,母亲152例,其中包括父母均患病者12例,父母患病之比是1∶2.84(P<0.001)。108例糖尿病患者其子女患糖尿病,男性患者子女患病52例,女性患者子女患病89例,男性患者子女患病人数与女性患者子女患病人数之比是1:1.71(P<0.001)。[结论] 2型糖尿病有明显遗传性,有家族史的女性患者高于男性患者,母系遗传具有一定重要性。要加强母亲患2型糖尿病对下一代糖尿病发生的预防工作。  相似文献   

2.
[目的]了解2型糖尿病(糖尿病)核心家系成员糖尿病患病特点和遗传特征.[方法]对2003~2005年在大连医科大学附属一院等医院门诊住院及接受健康教育的糖尿病患者中有家族史的患者及其家庭成员进行调查.[结果]调查91个家系的305人.糖尿病患病率,男性(132人)为45.45%,女性(173人)为51.45%(P>0.05);母亲患糖尿病者的子女(90人)为17.78%,父亲患糖尿病者的子女(52人)为23.08%(P>0.05);患病率与年龄呈正相关(P<0.05);家系一级亲属中,TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C中有1项或1项以上异常者所占比例,NGT组为64.71%,IGR组为54.05%,糖尿病组为70.68%(P>0.05).[结论]大连地区有家族史的糖尿病核心家系成员糖尿病患病率在性别、父母单方患病者子女之间无差异,随年龄的增加而增高;一级亲属中糖耐量正常者已出现血脂代谢紊乱.  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨年龄和家族史对口服葡萄糖耐量试验的影响,以及有糖尿病家族史者进行OGTT检查的合适年龄。方法将两次空腹血糖检查都在5.6—7.0mmol/L,腰围(WC)男≤85cm,女≤80cm,总胆固醇(TC)≤5.70mmol/L,且既往无糖尿病史人群按年龄分为〉45岁组和25~45岁组;按家族史的有无分为无糖尿病家族史组和有糖尿病家族史组,同时进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验,排除2h OGGT≥11.1mmol/L者,对7.8mmol/L〈2h OGTT〈11.1mmol/L者的结果进行对比分析。结果(1)〉45岁组2h OGTT血糖明显大于25~45岁组2h OGTT血糖,差异有显著性(P〈0.05),空腹血糖无明显差异(P〉0.05);(2)糖尿病家族史组2h OGTF血糖明显大于无家族史组2h OGTT血糖,差异有显著性(P〈0.05),空腹血糖无明显差异(P〉0.05);(3)25~45岁有家族史组2h OGTT血糖明显大于45岁无家族史组2h OGTT血糖,差异有显著性(P〈0.05),空腹血糖无明最差异(P〉0.05)。结论年龄和家族史均是葡萄糖耐量减低的危险因素,对有糖尿病家族史者应更早做口服葡萄糖耐量试验。  相似文献   

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丙型肝炎病毒感染与2型糖尿病之间关系的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
目的调查慢性丙型肝炎患者2型糖尿病的发病率和空腹血糖阳性率,以及2型糖尿病患者丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染率,探讨HCV感染与2型糖尿病的关系。方法采用葡萄糖氧化酶法检测82例慢性丙型肝炎患者(丙型肝炎组)与146例健康体检者(对照组)的空腹血糖值,采用酶联免疫法检测79例2型糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)与对照组血清的抗HCV。结果丙型肝炎组2型糖尿病发病率及空腹血糖阳性率分别为13.41%与25.61%,对照组分别为3.42%、8.90%,两两比较,差异均有显著性(分别X^2=5.97,P〈0.05;X^2=15.82,P〈0.005)。年龄〉50岁丙型肝炎患者,其2型糖尿病发病率显著高于对照组(X^2=9.57,P〈0.02);〉40岁丙型肝炎患者空腹血糖阳性率显著高于对照组(x^2=6.45,P〈0.05)。糖尿病组HCV感染率为1.27%,与对照组0.68%比较,差异无显著性(x^2=0.19,P〉0.50)。结论在未发生肝硬化情况下,对于年龄〉50岁的人群,HCV感染是导致2型糖尿病发生的危险因素之一。  相似文献   

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妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的危险因素及2型糖尿家族史对GDM发病的影响。方法:对1999年10月至2001年2月产前检查新诊断的及产科病房中已诊断的GDM患85例及177例健康对照孕妇进行单因素,多因素logistic回归分析及对数线性模型分析,探讨各因素对GDM发病的影响。结果:多因素logistic回归分析结果提示,影响GDM发病且有统计学意义的因素为孕前肥胖、2型糖尿病家族史,孕妇出生体重,年龄,高甘油三酯及体育锻炼,对数线性模型分析结果显示,父母亲患2型糖尿病均与GDM发病有关。GDM先证母亲糖尿病患率为9.41%,与GDM先证父亲糖尿病患病率(8.24%)比较,差别无显意义。结论:孕前肥胖、2型糖尿病家族中,孕妇低出生体重,年龄,高甘油三酯为GDM的危险因素,体育锻炼为保护因素,父母亲患2型糖尿病均为GDM危险因素,未发现母亲患糖尿病对孕妇患GDM的危险性影响大于父亲。  相似文献   

6.
耿颖 《健康大视野》2007,15(2):16-16
目的探讨临床老年糖尿病在胆结石成因中的作用。方法通过对临床随机抽取的年龄为65岁以上的30例糖尿病患者及30例非糖尿病患者的病例患胆结石的发病率进行比较。结果两组各项生化参数无显著性差异(P〉0.05)情况下,糖尿病组胆结石发病显著增高(46.67%),卡方检验P〈0.05。结论糖尿病在胆结石发病中起到一定促进作用,很可能为糖尿病所致的自主神经功能失常,使胆囊收缩功能减低造成的。  相似文献   

7.
浙江社区居民2型糖尿病患病状况及危险因素分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的了解浙江社区居民2型糖尿病患病情况及危险因素。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法,对浙江省5个社区35周岁以上居民共6902人作问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检测。结果2型糖尿病患病率为5.8%,标化患病率等为5.0%,农村社区3.4%,城乡结合社区6.9%,城市社区5.2%,城乡结合社区糖尿病患病率高于农村和城市社区(P〈0.05)。糖尿病知晓率为50.4%,治疗率为49.4%,控制率为24.3%,城市社区〉城乡结合社区〉农村社区(X^2知晓=1760,X^2治疗=19.94,X^2控制=6.39,P〈0.01)。2型糖尿病的主要危险因素有年龄、糖尿病家族史、高血压、中心肥胖、经常食用奶类制品和高血脂。结论社区居民2型糖尿患病率较高,尤其是城市和城乡结合社区,知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低,应采取综合措施,预防和控制糖尿病的发生。  相似文献   

8.
目的评估郴州地区汉族人群血管紧张素转化酶(angiotensin-convertingenzyme,ACE)基因插入/缺失(insertion/deletion,I/D)多态性与2型糖尿病的关系。方法采用横断面研究方法,随机纳入340例对象,其中2型糖尿病患者128例,前糖尿病患者100例,非糖尿病者112例。用PCR法检测ACE基因I/D多态性,基因型分为II、ID或DD型。结果三组患者的年龄(χ2=32.09,P〈0.01)、BMI(χ2=16.10,P〈0.01)、糖尿病家族史(χ2=20.42,P〈0.01)和血清甘油三酯水平(F=21.289,P〈0.01)差异有统计学意义。三种基因型II、ID和DD的分布在2型糖尿病组为72例(56.3%),52(40.6%)和4例(3.1%);在前糖尿病组为64例(64.0%),30例(30.0%)和6例(6.0%);在非糖尿病组为81例(72.3%),29例(25.9%)和2例(1.8%)例。ID+DD基因型与II基因型2型糖尿病的患病比例差异有统计学意义(X2=6.68,P〈0.05)。logistic回归分析表明2型糖尿病的危险因素包括ACE基因I/D多态性、糖尿病家族史、BMI和血清甘油三酯浓度。结论ACE基因ID+DD基因型与郴州地区社区汉族人群2型糖尿病的发病相关。  相似文献   

9.
上海市延吉社区2型糖尿病患病率调查及危险因素分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的了解上海市延吉社区20~90岁居民2型糖尿病患病情况及其危险因素。方法采用按比例、整群抽样的方法,对该社区居民9660人进行2型糖尿病的横断面调查,使用多因素非条件logistic回归分析方法筛选2型糖尿病危险因素。结果该社区居民2型糖尿病的患病率为8.01%,男女患病率分别6.78%、9.17%,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。患病率随年龄增加而增高(P〈0.01)。高血压、血脂异常及超重、肥胖人群中糖尿病患病率均分别高于正常人群的糖尿病患病率(均P〈0.01)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,2型糖尿病的危险因素为年龄、糖尿病家族史、血脂异常史、腰围、高血压病史、收缩压、舒张压,高文化程度是其保护因素。结论上海市社区居民2型糖尿病患病率呈快速增长趋势,对有糖尿病家族史、高血压病史、血脂异常史及肥胖的中老年人群要重点预防与治疗。  相似文献   

10.
目的应用多普勒仪检测踝肱指数、趾肱指数,评估老年2型糖尿病患者周围血管功能状态,探讨踝肱指数、趾肱指数对老年2型糖尿病患者血管病变的变化及其相关因素的关系。方法检测128例2型糖尿病患者与103例对照组患者下肢血管多普勒频谱,测定肱动脉压及踝压,并计算ABI、TBI值,同时测定体重指数、血压、血脂、hs-CRP等,并结合患者年龄、病程等因素进行统计学分析比较。结果(1)2型糖尿病组ABI、TBI值降低,hs—CRP升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。(2)多元逐步回归分析显示ABI值、TBI值与年龄、收缩压、糖尿病病程呈负相关,ABI与HDL呈正相关。(3)logistic回归分析显示吸烟史、年龄、高血压及糖尿病病程对PVD影响的相对危险度分别为1.94(P〈0.05)、2.12(P〈0.01)、2.74(P〈0.05)和1.59(P〈0.05)。结论多普勒仪可早期诊断糖尿病患者血管病变。高龄、糖尿病病程、吸烟、高血糖、高血压、低HDL及高hs—CRP水平可能影响糖尿病PVD的发生发展。  相似文献   

11.
This article discusses the value and importance of support groups for people living with chronic cancer. It is a primer for the professional mental health practitioner interested in leading a support group. Group formation, screening, open versus closed groups, size, co-facilitation, duration and phases-beginning, middle and end will be discussed. Leadership, structure, and group dynamics are explained using case examples to highlight the issues. The effect of the deterioration and death of group members on both the facilitators and the group's members will be explored. The paper ends with a discussion of counter-transference, stress, self-care and resiliency.  相似文献   

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The effect of problem-focused and avoidant coping on social withdrawal was investigated among a sample of 31 urban children with asthma experiencing varied levels of illness-related stress. Two main and two moderating effects were examined. Neither problem-focused nor avoidant coping was significantly associated with withdrawal when the child's asthma symptoms and stressors were controlled. However, a pattern emerged in analyses of the interaction between coping and stress level. Higher levels of both problem-focused and avoidant coping were associated with lower levels of social withdrawal, but only for children with low levels of asthma-related stress.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨化疗联合安罗替尼对三阴性乳腺癌患者的预后及用药安全性.方法 选取2016年1月—2019年1月我院确诊为三阴性乳腺癌的100例患者作为研究对象,随机分为研究组和对照组.对照组纳入研究后给予单纯化疗,研究组加用安罗替尼,对比研究组和对照组治疗前、治疗6个月及治疗12个月血清PRL及BSP;两组治疗后药物安全性情...  相似文献   

19.

Objectives

To examine family caregivers' experiences with end-of-life care for nursing home residents with dementia and associations with the residents dying peacefully.

Design

A secondary data analysis of family caregiver data collected in the observational Dutch End of Life in Dementia (DEOLD) study between 2007 and 2010.

Setting and participants

Data were collected at 34 Dutch nursing homes (2799 beds) representing the nation. We included 252 reports from bereaved family members of nursing home residents with dementia.

Measures

The primary outcome was dying peacefully, assessed by family members using an item from the Quality of Dying in Long-term Care instrument. Unpleasant experiences with end-of-life care were investigated using open-ended questions. Overall satisfaction with end-of-life care was assessed with the End-of-Life Satisfaction With Care (EOLD-SWC) scale, and families' appraisal of decision making was measured with the Decision Satisfaction Inventory. Associations were investigated with multilevel linear regression analyses using generalized estimating equations.

Results

Families' reports of unpleasant experiences translated into 2 themes: neglect and lack of respect. Neglect involved facing inaccessibility, disinterest, or discontinuity of relations, and negligence in tailored care and information. Lack of respect involved perceptions of being purposefully disregarded, an insensitive approach towards resident and family, noncompliance with agreements, and violations of privacy. Unpleasant experiences with end-of-life care were negatively associated with families' perceptions of the resident dying peacefully. Families' assessment of their relative dying peacefully was positively associated with satisfaction with end-of-life care and decision making.

Conclusions/Implications

Families' reports of unpleasant experiences with end-of-life care may inform practice to improve perceived quality of dying of their loved ones. Humane and compassionate care and attention from physicians and other staff for resident and family may facilitate recollections of a peaceful death.  相似文献   

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Purpose

Teen readiness assessments may provide a developmental indicator of the transfer of responsibility for health self-management from caregivers to teens. Among urban adolescents with asthma, we aimed to describe teen readiness for talking with providers and identify how readiness relates to responsibility for asthma management, medication beliefs, and clinical outcomes.

Methods

Teens and caregivers enrolled in the school-based asthma care for teen's trial in Rochester, NY completed in-home surveys. We classified ready teens as those reporting a score of five on both items of the transition readiness assessment questionnaire talking with providers subscale. We performed bivariate analyses to detect differences between ready teens and other teens in teen- and caregiver-reported responsibility, teen medication beliefs, and clinical outcomes (medication adherence over the past 2 weeks, and healthcare use over the past year).

Results

Among this sample of 251 adolescents (mean age: 13.4 years), 35% were classified as "Ready." Ready teens were more likely than other teens to want to use a controller medication independently (7.6 vs. 6.5 out of 10, p < .01) and to have confidence in this ability (8.4 vs. 7.6 out of 10, p?=?.02). Teens reported poor adherence (missed 52.9% of prescribed controller doses), with no differences in responsibility or clinical outcomes based on level of teen readiness for talking with providers.

Conclusions

In urban adolescents with poorly controlled asthma, a higher level of teen readiness for talking with providers is associated with higher perceptions of independence in medication taking, but does not appear to relate to clinical outcomes.  相似文献   

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