帕利哌酮对地卓西平马来酸盐引起大鼠自发活动增加及感觉门控功能异常的作用

目的探讨利培酮及其活性代谢产物帕利哌酮对地卓西平马来酸盐(dizocipline maleate,MK-801)引起的大鼠自发活动增加及感觉门控功能异常的作用,分析二者药理学作用的异同。方法成年雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠共96只。选取SD大鼠48只,根据体重分层随机分为对照组、MK-801模型组、帕利哌酮0.10 mg/kg组、帕利哌酮0.50 mg/kg组、帕利哌酮1.00mg/kg组及利培酮组,每组8只,观察不同剂量帕利哌酮及利培酮(0.1 mg/kg)对MK-801(0.40 mg/kg)引起的大鼠自发活动增加的影响;选取SD大鼠48只,根据体重分层随机分组,每组8~10只,观察不同剂量帕利哌酮(0.10、0.50和1.00 mg/kg)及利培酮(0.5 mg/kg)对MK-801(0.25 mg/kg)引起大鼠前脉冲抑制(prepulse inhibition,PPI)功能异常的影响。结果利培酮及帕利哌酮均不同程度地逆转MK-801引起的大鼠自发活动增加(P0.05),而帕利哌酮的对抗作用随着给药剂量的增加而减弱;帕利哌酮各剂量组均不同程度地提高大鼠基线PPI,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但未能逆转MK-801引起的PPI减低效应,组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);而利培酮(0.5 mg/kg)可逆转MK-801对大鼠PPI的破坏作用(P0.05)。结论利培酮和帕利哌酮不同程度地逆转了MK-801引起大鼠自发活动增加及感觉门控功能异常,说明帕利哌酮虽为利培酮活性代谢产物,但二者药理学作用不尽相同。     

MK-801建立精神分裂症的感觉运动门控障碍的小鼠模型研究

目的 观察N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体拮抗剂地革西平马来酸盐(MK-801)对小鼠感觉运动门控功能的影响,确定建立精神分裂症的感觉运动门控障碍小鼠模型的适宜剂量.方法 采用不同剂量(0.125 mg/kg、0.25mg/kg、0.50 mg/kg)的MK-801建立感觉运动门控障碍的小鼠模型,用SR-LAB惊反射测试系统测定小鼠前脉冲抑制(PPI)、惊反射幅度和习惯化等行为学指标以比较不同剂量的药理作用.结果 ①前脉冲刺激的强度高于背景12 dB时,MK-801 0.125 mg/kg、0.25 mg/kg、0.50 mg/kg各剂量组PPI的数值分别为(28.7%±4.8%)、(27.6%4±5.6%)、(9.2%±4.0%).与对照组(53.6%±4.5%)的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),呈剂量依赖性破坏了小鼠的PPI.②MK-801剂量为0.5 mg/kg时,惊反射的幅度明显大于对照组(P＜0.001),增加的幅度为53%.③MK-801 0.5 mg/kg剂量组的习惯化为(-2.6%±10%),与正常对照组(43.7%±7.6%)相比,引起了习惯化明显损害(P＜0.001).结论 MK-801能够引起小鼠PPI的缺失,且能增加小鼠对惊反射刺激的反应性.0.50 mg/kg的MK-801可作为建立精神分裂症的感觉运动门控障碍的小鼠模型的适宜剂量.     

奥氮平对谷氨酸功能低下的精神分裂症小鼠模型的作用

目的 观察奥氮平对谷氨酸功能低下小鼠模型表现出的高活动性及前脉冲抑制(PPI)缺失的作用.方法 昆明种小鼠165只.(1)取36只小鼠分为4组:溶媒空白对照组(腹腔注射溶媒,以下简称对照组),3种奥氮平剂量(0.1 mg/kg体质量,0.2 mg/kg体质量,0.3 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射)组,每组8～10只;观察奥氮平对小鼠探究行为和自主活动的影响.(2)取49只小鼠分为5组:对照组,地卓西平马来酸盐(MK-801)模型组(溶媒+MK-801,0.25 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),3种剂量(同上)奥氮平干预组(奥氮平+MK-801 0.25 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),每组9～10只;观察奥氮平对MK-801致小鼠自主活动增加的影响.(3)取80只小鼠分为8组:对照组,MK-801模型组(溶媒+MK-801,0.5 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),3种奥氮平剂量给药组(奥氮平+生理盐水,奥氮平剂量分别为0.3 mg/kg体质量,1 mg/kg体质量,3 mg/kg体质量),3种奥氮平剂量(同上)干预组(奥氮平+MK-801 0.5 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),每组10只;观察奥氮平对基线前脉冲抑制(PPI)及MK-801引起的PPI缺失的影响.结果 (1)与对照组比较,奥氮平剂量为0.2 mg/kg体质量和0.3mg/kg体质量时,小鼠的探究行为及自主活动总路程减少(P均＜0.05);但剂量为0.1 mg/kg时,对小鼠的探究行为(P=0.363)及自主活动(P=0.196)无影响.(2)奥氮平剂量为0.1～0.3 mg/kg体质量时,呈剂量依赖性抑制MK-801引起的自主活动增加(P均＜0.05).(3)奥氮平剂量为0.3～3mg/kg体质量时,对基线的PPI无影响(P均＞0.05),剂量为1～3 mg/kg时呈剂量依赖性修复了MK-801引起的PPI缺失(P均＜0.05).结论 奥氮平能够特异性地抑制谷氨酸功能低下小鼠模型表现出的高活动性和PPI缺失,与奥氮平的临床药理作用一致.     

氟哌啶醇对MK-801致小鼠高活动性与前脉冲抑制损害的作用

目的观察氟哌啶醇对谷氨酸功能低下小鼠模型表现出的高活动性及前脉冲抑制(prepulse inhibition,PPI)损害的作用。方法昆明种小鼠152只分组(n=8或n=10)进行下述对照观察:观察不同剂量氟哌啶醇(0.03、0.1、0.3 mg/kg)腹腔注射对昆明种小鼠探究行为和自主活动的影响;以0.25 mg/kg MK-801诱导小鼠自主活动增加,观察上述剂量氟哌啶醇对MK-801致小鼠高活动性的影响;以0.5 mg/kg MK-801诱导小鼠PPI损害,观察氟哌啶醇(0.1、0.3、1 mg/kg)对基线水平PPI以及MK-801损害后PPI的作用。结果与对照组比较,氟哌啶醇剂量为0.1 mg/kg和0.3 mg/kg时,小鼠的探究行为及自主活动总路程减少(P<0.05);但剂量为0.03 mg/kg时,对小鼠的探究行为及自主活动均无影响(P>0.05)。氟哌啶醇剂量为0.1~0.3 mg/kg时,呈剂量依赖性抑制由MK-801引起的自主活动增加(F=27.23,P<0.01),0.1mg/kg的氟哌啶醇的抑制程度为22%(P<0.01),0.3 mg/kg的氟哌啶醇的抑制程度为65%(P<0.00...     

MK-801建立谷氨酸功能低下精神分裂症小鼠模型的研究

目的用谷氨酸N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体非竞争性拮抗剂地卓西平马来酸盐(MK-801)建立谷氨酸功能低下精神分裂症小鼠模型,评价MK-801不同剂量时对这种模型的行为学改变,探讨其适宜剂量。方法根据文献及预试验,确定MK-801的实验剂量,用DigBehv自发活动视频分析系统测定腹腔注射MK-801不同剂量组小鼠的自发活动,用评分量表评价小鼠的刻板行为,并与注射生理盐水组比较。结果MK-801(0．125～0．50 mg／kg)呈剂量依赖性增加小鼠的自发活动和刻板行为。MK-801剂量为0．25 mg／kg时能显著增加小鼠的自发活动和刻板行为,而且从行为学方面评定,没有明显的神经毒性作用。0．50 mg/kg剂量组出现了后肢肌力障碍和明显的共济失调等神经毒性表现。结论0．25 mg／kg的MK-801可作为谷氨酸功能低下小鼠模型的最适宜剂量,引起的行为学改变能够客观量化。     

NMDA受体拮抗剂剂量与脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马内源性神经干细胞的增殖

背景：脑缺血再灌注后,过度释放的兴奋性氨基酸可通过NMDA受体激活内源性神经干细胞,促使其增殖、分化,修复神经细胞,但同时也导致细胞内钙离子超载,引起神经细胞的损伤。通过控制NMDA受体活化的程度,刺激内源性神经干细胞激活的同时把损伤减到最小。 目的：观察NMDA受体拮抗剂MK-801质量浓度对脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马内源性神经干细胞增殖的影响。 方法：健康雄性SD大鼠54只随机数字表法分为对照组(不进行任何处理)、手术组(缺血模型制作)及不同剂量MK-801组。采用大鼠四条血管阻断方法(Pulsinelli-4VO法)制备大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型。不同浓度MK-801组在模型制作前30 min按照0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 ,1.2 mg/kg侧脑室注射MK-801。Western-blot、RT-PCR技术检测各组nestin蛋白及mRNA水平及表达。 结果与结论：MK-801剂量在0.8 mg/kg以下时,nestin mRNA及蛋白的表达差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),呈现高表达;当剂量为0.8 mg/kg时,可明显抑制内源性神经干细胞增殖;在0.8mg/kg以上,对神经干细胞的抑制作用随着剂量的升高呈递增趋势;在1.2 mg/kg时,大鼠有躁动、共济失调等严重不良反应。nestin mRNA表达结果与蛋白表达趋势相吻合。说明MK-801的剂量与脑梗死后神经功能的修复有一定的关系,实验中0.6 mg/kg是一个比较合适的实验应用剂量,在此剂量下既可使MK-801减少兴奋性氨基酸对神经元的毒性作用,保护神经细胞,又使内源性神经干细胞的增殖不受较大影响。     

MAM 诱导精神分裂症感觉运动门控障碍 大鼠模型的研究

目的 通过观察不同剂量的甲基氧化偶氮甲醇醋酸盐（MAM）对大鼠感觉运动门控的影 响,探讨 MAM 诱导精神分裂症感觉运动门控障碍大鼠模型的适宜剂量。方法 应用不同剂量的 MAM （25、20、15 mg/kg）处理围生期大鼠,诱导其子代神经系统发育异常,建立精神分裂症感觉运动门控障碍 大鼠模型,观察惊反射的前脉冲抑制（PPI）和 P50 听觉诱发电位抑制（AEP-P50）以及 Caspase 3 染色检测 海马区神经元凋亡情况,评价不同剂量的 MAM 建立精神分裂症感觉运动门控障碍大鼠模型的可行性。 结果 MAM 在 15～25 mg/kg 剂量范围内能够抑制 PPI 的水平（P＜ 0.05）,MAM 高、中剂量组与对照组比 较,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）;MAM 高剂量组和对照组之间的惊反射幅度比较,差异有统计学意义 （P＜ 0.05）,增加的幅度为 34.32%。MAM 高剂量组的 S2/S1 值、S2 峰 - 峰值和 S1 峰 - 峰值高于对照组和 MAM 中、低剂量组,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）。Pearson 相关分析显示,PPI 和 AEP-P50 之间无明显 的相关性。MAM高剂量组的海马区神经细胞凋亡率高于中、低剂量组和对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）。结论 MAM 能够引起大鼠 PPI 和 AEP-P50 的改变,可以选择 MAM（25 mg/kg）作为精神分裂症感 觉运动门控障碍动物模型的造模药物。     

地卓西平马来酸盐对抑郁大鼠行为学和前额叶BDNF表达的影响

目的观察地卓西平马来酸盐(MK-801)预处理对利血平诱导的抑郁模型大鼠抑郁行为的改善作用及大脑前额叶脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)表达的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将32只成年雄性SD大鼠分为4组:对照组、利血平模型组、MK-801+利血平组和MK-801组,每组8只。MK-801+利血平组和MK-801组预先给予腹腔注射MK-801(0.3 mg/kg),对照组和利血平模型组腹腔注射相应体积的生理盐水。30 min后,利血平模型组和MK-801+利血平组腹腔注射利血平(4 mg/kg),对照组和MK-801组腹腔注射相同体积的乙酸溶剂。注射利血平48 h后利用强迫游泳实验观察大鼠的抑郁样行为表现,并在行为实验完成后处死大鼠,以酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测大脑前额叶BDNF的表达水平。结果在强迫游泳实验中,利血平模型组强迫游泳不动时间[(49.38±7.85)s]长于对照组[(15.59±5.43)s],差异有统计学意义(t=11.91,P0.01);MK-801+利血平组强迫游泳不动时间[(12.32±4.25)s]短于利血平模型组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.06,P0.05)。ELISA结果显示,利血平模型组前额叶BDNF表达水平[(10.09±0.88)ng/mL]低于对照组[(13.29±1.10)ng/mL],差异有统计学意义(t=6.44,P0.01);MK-801+利血平组大鼠前额叶的BDNF表达水平[(12.56±1.83)ng/mL]高于利血平模型组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.44,P0.05)。结论 MK-801可改善大鼠的抑郁样行为,其机制可能与调节脑内BDNF的表达有关。     

小剂量MK-801对大鼠参照记忆、空间工作记忆和逆反学习能力的影响

目的 探讨腹腔注射N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA )受体拮抗剂地卓西平马来酸盐(MK-801)对大鼠认知功能的影响.方法 成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为MK-801组和对照组,分别腹腔注射小剂量生理盐水或MK-801(0.1 mg/kg)20 min后在Morris水迷宫中评定MK-801对大鼠参照记忆、空间工作记忆和逆反学习能力的影响.结果 参照记忆任务中,与对照组相比MK-801组逃避潜伏期延长(P<0.05),且在目标象限的探索时间百分比[(22.7±2.9)%]与相邻象限[(24.0±0.9)%]和对立象限[(29.3±2.4)%]的差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05);空间工作记忆任务中,对照组匹配试次潜伏期显著短于样本试次[(37.6±6.0) vs (61.5±6.3),P<0.05],而MK-801组两试次潜伏期差异无统计学意义[(53.8±7.8) vs (62.2±7.1),P>0.05];逆反学习任务中,与对照组相比MK-801组潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05),且在空间探索中新旧目标象限探索时间百分比差值小于对照组[(-0.01±4.7) vs (23.5±6.2),P<0.01].结论 腹腔注射小剂量MK-801破坏了大鼠的参照记忆、空间工作记忆和逆反学习,提示其在多个认知维度上可模拟精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷.     

奥氮平对谷氨酸功能低下的精神分裂症小鼠模型的作用

Objective To investigate the effects of olanzapine on hyperlocomotion and deficient prepusle inhibition (PPI) of hypoglutamatergic schizophrenia model in mice produced by dizocilpine maleate (MK-801), an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)antagonist.Methods (1) To investigate the effects of olanzapine on explorative behavior and spontaneous activity, three doses of olanzapine ( 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle was injected 30 min before the test.Locomotor activity was recorded for 30 min with an automated video tracking system, in which the components of the locomotor activity were divided into exploration (the first 10 min) and spontaneous activity (the second 20 min).(2) To examine the effects of olanzapine on MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion, mice were administered with olanzapine (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg) or vehicle 5 min before administration of MK-801 (0.25 mg/kg).After the second injection, locomotor activity was recorded for 90 min by the video tracking system.( 3 ) To explore the effects of olanzapine on intact and MK-801-disrupted sensorimotor gating, olanzapine (0.3, 1,3 mg/kg, i.p.) or the vehicle were injected 35 min before the start of the experiment, MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or the same volume of saline was administered 5 min before the PPI experiment.Results ( 1 ) Olanzapine (0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the explorative behavior and spontaneous activity (P ＜ 0.05 ) .Olanzapine at 0.1 mg/kg did not affect exploration ( P = 0.363 ) and spontaneous activity ( P = 0.196 ).Olanzapine (0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg) dose-dependently antagonized MK-801 -induced hyperlocomotion.(2) None of the olanzapine doses tested had a significant effect on baseline PPI.Olanzapine ( 1 - 3 mg/kg) dosedependently restored the MK-801-induced deficits in PPI.Conclusion Olanzapine specifically inhibited the MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion and deficits in PPI in mice and the results are also consistent with clinical findings.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

Release of endogenous catecholamines from slices of hypothalamus of rats

The release of endogenous catecholamines from superfused slices of rat hypothalamus was studied under basal conditions and during release evoked by 40 mM K⁺. Catecholamines in superfusates, and in extracts of the tissue after stimulation, were isolated by column chromatography and quantitated by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Norepinephrine (NE) was not consistently demonstrable in superfusate collected under basal conditions, but 40 mM K⁺ caused the release of from 2 to 4 ng/g of tissue per min. The addition of cocaine to the superfusate caused increases in basal and evoked release of NE. Epinephrine (E) could be measured in superfusates of slices from male but not female rats and then only when cocaine was added to the superfusate. Accordingly, the concentration of E in hypothalamus was greater in male rats than in female rats. Dopamine (DA) was not consistently measurable in the spontaneous overflow from slices either in the presence or absence of cocaine. K⁺-evoked release of DA could be demonstrated in slices from female rats. The addition of cocaine increased the evoked release of DA from slices from both sexes. Corticosterone, added to cocaine, had no effects on the efflux of any of the catecholamines. The experiments suggest that neuronal reuptake of all catecholamines is very efficient in the hypothalamus both under basal conditions and during evoked release.     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的:比较阿立哌唑与利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法:60例精神分裂患者随机平分为两组各30例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗。疗程8周。用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑与利培酮均能显著提高精神分裂症患者生活质量,但阿立哌唑在改善GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康及社会功能维度优于利培酮。结论:阿立哌唑治疗有利于提高精神分裂症患者生活质量。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

他汀类药物的使用和颅内动脉瘤破裂相关性分析

目的 探讨他汀类药物对颅内动脉瘤破裂的影响。方法 2010年3月至2014年3月收治颅内囊状动脉瘤67例,其中破裂者32例,未破裂者35例。采用多变量Logistic回归评估他汀类药物的使用和颅内动脉瘤破裂的关系。结果 破裂组术前使用他汀类药物4例（12.5%,4/32）,未破裂组16例（45.7%,16/35）。破裂组服用他汀类药物的百分比显著低于未破裂组（P<0.01）。纠正潜在的混杂干扰后（or值: 0.30,95%可信空间:0.12~="" 0.64）显示,颅内动脉瘤破裂与他汀类药物的使用呈显著负相关,也与高血清总胆固醇浓度有关。结论 本结果提示他汀类药物对颅内动脉瘤破裂有一定的预防效果。