噻托溴铵与缓释茶碱对COPD稳定期患者生存质量及肺功能研究

目的观察长期吸入噻托溴铵及应用缓释茶碱对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期生存质量及肺功能的影响。方法对96例确诊为COPD稳定期患者随机分为两组,噻托溴铵组给予常规治疗加用长期吸入噻托溴铵,缓释茶碱组为常规治疗加用茶碱缓释片,对两组的生存质量及肺功能进行对比,评价噻托溴铵与缓释茶碱对COPD稳定期患者生存质量及肺功能的影响。结果噻托溴铵较缓释茶碱能提高生存质量及肺功能,有明显的差异性;噻托溴铵组用药1个月肺功能较治疗前无明显改善,3个月后能明显改善肺功能。结论长期吸入噻托溴铵较缓释茶碱能更好的改善患者生存质量及肺功能。     

老年人稳定期慢阻肺应用噻托溴铵的临床观察

目的探讨老年人COPD稳定期应用噻托溴铵治疗的疗效。方法选取58例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的患者,并随机分成两组即噻托溴铵组(30例)和异丙托溴铵组(28例),噻托溴铵组给予噻托溴铵治疗,异丙托溴铵组给予异丙托溴铵治疗,两组疗程均为60天,通过观察两组患者临床症状及肺功能改善情况等指标,分析对比两组疗效差别。结果噻托溴铵组的临床症状、肺功能改善情况明显优于异丙托溴铵组相关指标,P<0.05。结论噻托溴铵用于稳定期COPD的治疗效果优于异丙托溴铵。     

信必可都保对重度COPD患者稳定期疗效影响

目的研究在基础平喘药物氨茶碱缓释片（舒弗美）、异丙托溴铵气雾剂（爱全乐）治疗基础上加用信必可都保对COPD缓解期患者的疗效及安全性。方法50名确诊为稳定期的重度COPD患者随机分为两组：爱全乐组26例,信必可组24例,分别使用舒弗美＋爱全乐、舒弗美＋爱全乐＋信必可都保治疗。观察比较治疗前及治疗后12周临床症状、生活质量评分、肺功能、病情变化及药物安全性。结果两组COPD受试者经治疗后临床症状、生活质量评分及肺功能均有明显改善（P〈0．05）,而舒弗美＋爱全乐＋信必可联合治疗其改善作用更为显著（P〈0．05）。结论重度COPD稳定期患者应用舒弗美＋爱全乐＋信必可都保联合吸入治疗方案可提高疗效及改善预后。     

噻托溴铵联合N-乙酰半胱氨酸对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效观察

目的观察噻托溴铵联合N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的疗效和安全性。方法选取已经确诊的50例COPD患者,分为治疗组26例和对照组24例。治疗组用噻托溴铵联合NAC治疗,对照组用常规治疗,疗程12个月。观察治疗前后患者的肺功能、运动耐量、生活质量、急性加重次数。结果治疗组肺功能、运动耐量、生活质量明显改善,急性加重次数减少,与对照组相比较各项指标改善更显著(P0.05)。结论应用噻托溴铵联合NAC可以更好地改善稳定期COPD患者的肺功能,增强运动耐量,提高生活质量,减少急性加重次数。     

信必可都保吸入治疗COPD稳定期患者临床分析

目的观察信必可都保吸入治疗COPD稳定期患者疗效。方法 2006年~2008年收治的80例慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）稳定期患者随机分为观察组44例和对照组36例,两组均予COPD常规治疗,在此基础上观察组予信必可都保吸入,每次1喷,2次/d;对照组口服茶碱缓释片0.1 g,2次/d,并酌情予沙丁胺醇（万托林）气雾剂,疗程均为12周。观察两组治疗前后肺功能、血气指标及不良反应情况。结果治疗后观察组肺功能、血气指标改善情况均明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,不良反应少。结论信必可都保吸入能明显改善COPD稳定期患者肺功能及血气指标。     

噻托溴铵联合多索茶碱治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合多索茶碱治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的临床疗效。方法将80例稳定期COPD患者随机分对照组和观察组,各40例,对照组给予常规治疗和多索茶碱治疗,而观察组则在对照组的基础上给予噻托溴铵粉吸入治疗;比较两组肺功能、呼吸困难评分、6 min步行距离及有效率。结果观察组治疗12个月后第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);呼吸困难评分明显低于对照组(P<0.01)、6 min步行距离明显大于对照组(P<0.01);总有效率(97.5%)明显高于对照组(80.0%,P<0.05)。结论噻托溴铵联合多索茶碱治疗稳定期COPD患者,可明显改善肺功能,缓解呼吸困难,提高临床疗效。     

稳定期COPD并冠心病老年患者应用噻托溴铵治疗的临床研究

目的研究噻托溴铵联用舒利迭(50μg/250μg)治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)并冠心病(CHD)老年患者的疗效及安全性。方法 65名稳定期的中重度COPD并CHD老年患者随机分观察组33例,对照组32例,对照组吸入舒利迭(50μg/250μg),观察组联合应用噻托溴铵,在治疗前、治疗3月、6月后行肺功能、动态心电图及肝肾功能检测。结果治疗6月后观察组呼吸困难改善,总有效率(90.91%)明显高于对照组(71.88%),P<0.05。两组患者经治疗后肺功能有明显改善(P<0.01),而观察组联合治疗改善作用更显著。两组动态心电图比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论舒利迭联合噻托溴铵治疗COPD并CHD老年患者可以明显改善呼吸困难症状及肺功能,安全性好。     

噻托溴铵治疗COPD的临床疗效观察

目的研究老年性吸烟稳定期COPD应用噻托溴铵的临床疗效。方法分析2009年1月～2011年9月我院收治的90例老年性吸烟稳定期COPD患者,随机分成治疗组和对照组个45例:治疗组(每日给予患者18μg噻托溴铵吸入剂+沙丁胺醇气雾剂);对照组(每隔12小时给予患者口服0.1 g氨茶碱+沙丁胺醇气雾剂),治疗后对患者进行2个月的随访观察,比较两组患者治疗后肺功能的改善情况。结果治疗组经过治疗后St George评分显著降低,优于对照组,并且相对于治疗前FEV1/Pred、FEV1、FEV1/FVC的评分值均有显著提高(P<0.01),对照组治疗效果不明显(P>0.05)。结论噻托溴铵吸入剂联合沙丁胺醇气雾剂可以显著改善老年性吸烟稳定期COPD患者的肺功能。     

噻托溴铵和氨茶碱对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的干预作用

目的评价噻托溴铵干粉剂对中、重度稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能和气道重塑的影响。方法采用随机对照研究140例COPD患者,噻托溴铵组使用噻托溴铵干粉剂,对照组使用氨茶碱片,总观察时间12 w,治疗前后测定肺功能,酶联免疫吸附测定痰中转化生长因子(TGF)-β1。结果治疗后徵托溴铵组深吸气量(OIC)、第1秒用力肺活量(FEV1)和用力肺活量(FVC)明显改善,分别增加了102、256、154 ml,TGF-β1阳性率为37.5%,对照组肺功能改善不明显,TGF-β1阳性率为65.0%。噻托溴铵组TGF-β1阳性率低于对照组。FEV1与TGF-β1阳性率呈负相关。结论噻托溴铵能改善中、重度稳定期COPD患者的肺功能和气道重塑,FEV1与TGF-β1阳性率呈负相关。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者的疗效观察

目的 观察噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期的治疗效果.方法 采用随机、双盲的方法将62例COPD患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予噻托溴铵和沙美特罗替卡松治疗,对照组给予沙美特罗替卡松治疗,分别对两组患者治疗前后呼吸困难评分和肺功能检测进行比较.结果 治疗两个月后,与对照组比较观察组肺功能FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC%,呼吸困难评分改善差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 噻托溴铵与沙美特罗替卡松联合吸入治疗COPD,疗效优于沙美特罗替卡松单药治疗.     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.