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1.
Celeste A. Lemay Kathleen M. Mazor Terry S. Field Jennifer Donovan Abir Kanaan Becky A. Briesacher Sarah Foy Leslie R. Harrold Jerry H. Gurwitz Jennifer Tjia 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2013,14(12):895-900
Background/Objectives
Antipsychotic use is common in US nursing homes, despite evidence of increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and limited efficacy in older adults with dementia. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding antipsychotic use among nursing home staff are unclear. The study aim was to describe nursing home leadership and direct care staff members’ knowledge of antipsychotic risks, beliefs and attitudes about the effectiveness of antipsychotics and nonpharmacologic management of dementia-related behaviors, and perceived need for evidence-based training about antipsychotic medication safety.Design, Setting, Participants, and Measurements
Survey of leadership and direct care staff of nursing homes in Connecticut was conducted in June 2011. Questionnaire domains included knowledge of antipsychotic risks, attitudes about caring for residents with dementia, satisfaction with current behavior management training, beliefs about antipsychotic effectiveness, and need for staff training about antipsychotics and behavior management.Results
A total of 138 nursing home leaders and 779 direct care staff provided useable questionnaires. Only 24% of nursing home leaders identified at least 1 severe adverse effect of antipsychotics; 13% of LPNs and 12% of RNs listed at least 1 severe adverse effect. Fifty-six percent of direct care staff believed that medications worked well to manage resident behavior. Leaders were satisfied with the training that staff received to manage residents with challenging behaviors (62%). Fifty-five percent of direct care staff felt that they had enough training on how to handle difficult residents; only 37% felt they could do so without using medications.Conclusions
Findings suggest that a comprehensive multifaceted intervention designed for nursing homes should aim to improve knowledge of antipsychotic medication risks, change beliefs about appropriateness and effectiveness of antipsychotics for behavior management, and impart strategies and approaches for nonpharmacologic behavior management. 相似文献2.
Naoki Ikegami Sumie Ikezaki 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2013,14(10):718-723
Objectives
To describe end-of-life care in Japanese nursing homes by comparing facility and characteristics of residents dying in nursing homes with those who had been transferred and had died in hospitals, and by comparing the quality of end-of-life care with hospitals and with their respective counterparts in the United States.Setting
National sample of 653 nursing homes with responses from 371 (57%) on their facility characteristics, 241 (37%) on their resident characteristics, and 92 (14%) on the residents’ quality of life. All 5 hospitals in a city 80 miles from Tokyo cooperated.Participants
Nursing home staff answered questionnaires on facility and resident characteristics. Resident level data were obtained from 1158. The questionnaire on the quality of care was responded to by 256 (63%) of the decedents’ families in nursing homes and 205 (48%) in hospitals.Measurements
Facility characteristics included items on physicians, nurse staffing, and the facility’s end-of-life care policy. Resident characteristics included basic demographics, level of dementia, and resident’s and family’s preference for the site of death. The Toolkit was used to measure the quality of end-of-life care.Results
The proportion of those dying within the nursing home was related to the facility’s policy on end-of-life care and the family’s preference. The quality of end-of-life care in nursing homes was generally better than in hospitals, and than in their respective counterparts in the United States.Conclusion
Financial incentives by the Japanese government to promote end-of-life care in nursing homes may have contributed to increasing the proportion of deaths within the facility. The quality of care in nursing homes was evaluated as being better than hospitals. 相似文献3.
Ping Ni Jing Zhou Zhao Xi Wang Rong Nie Jane Phillips Jing Mao 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2014,15(10):751-756
Objectives
To describe Chinese nursing home residents' knowledge of advance directive (AD) and end-of-life care preferences and to explore the predictors of their preference for AD.Design
Population-based cross-sectional survey.Settings
Nursing homes (n = 31) in Wuhan, Mainland Southern China.Participants
Cognitively intact nursing home residents (n = 467) older than 60 years.Measures
Face-to-face questionnaire interviews were used to collect information on demographics, chronic diseases, life-sustaining treatment, AD, and other end-of-life care preferences.Results
Most (95.3%) had never heard of AD, and fewer than one-third (31.5%) preferred to make an AD. More than half (52.5%) would receive life-sustaining treatment if they sustained a life-threatening condition. Fewer than one-half (43.3%) chose doctors as the surrogate decision maker about life-sustaining treatment, whereas most (78.8%) nominated their eldest son or daughter as their proxy. More than half (58.2%) wanted to live and die in their present nursing homes. The significant independent predictors of AD preference included having heard of AD before (odds ratio [OR] 9.323), having definite answers of receiving (OR 3.433) or rejecting (OR 2.530) life-sustaining treatment, and higher Cumulative Illness Rating Scale score (OR 1.098).Conclusions
Most nursing home residents did not know about AD, and nearly one-third showed positive attitudes toward it. AD should be promoted in mainland China. Education of residents, the proxy decision maker, and nursing home staff on AD is very important. Necessary policy support, legislation, or practice guidelines about AD should be made with flexibility to respect nursing home residents' rights in mainland China. 相似文献4.
Context
The cost of late-life dependency is projected to grow rapidly as the number of older adults in the United States increases in the coming decades. To provide a context for framing relevant policy discussions, we investigated activity limitations and assistance, care resources, and unmet need for a national sample of older adults.Methods
We analyzed the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study, a new national panel study of more than 8,000 Medicare enrollees.Findings
Nearly one-half of older adults, or 18 million people, had difficulty or received help in the last month with daily activities. Altogether, 1 in 4 older adults receiving help lived in either a supportive care (15%) or a nursing home (10%) setting. Nearly 3 million received assistance with 3 or more self-care or mobility activities in settings other than nursing homes, and a disproportionate share of persons at this level had low incomes. Nearly all older adults in settings other than nursing homes had at least 1 potential informal care network member (family or household member or close friend), and the average number of network members was 4. Levels of informal assistance, primarily from family caregivers, were substantial for older adults receiving help in the community (164 hours/month) and living in supportive care settings (50 hours/month). Nearly all of those getting help received informal care, and about 3 in 10 received paid care. Of those who had difficulty or received help in settings other than nursing homes, 32% had an adverse consequence in the last month related to an unmet need; for community residents with a paid caregiver, the figure was nearly 60%.Conclusions
The older population—especially those with few economic resources—has substantial late-life care needs. Policies to improve long-term services and supports and reduce unmet need could benefit both older adults and those who care for them. 相似文献5.
Debra Parker Oliver Karla Washington Robin L. Kruse David L. Albright Alexandria Lewis George Demiris 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2014,15(10):744-750
Objective
Even though more than 25% of Americans die in nursing homes, end-of-life care has consistently been found to be less than adequate in this setting. Even for those residents on hospice, end-of-life care has been found to be problematic. This study had 2 research questions; (1) How do family members of hospice nursing home residents differ in their anxiety, depression, quality of life, social networks, perceptions of pain medication, and health compared with family members of community dwelling hospice patients? (2) What are family members’ perceptions of and experiences with end-of-life care in the nursing home setting?Methods
This study is a secondary mixed methods analysis of interviews with family members of hospice nursing home residents and a comparative statistical analysis of standard outcome measures between family members of hospice patients in the nursing home and family members of hospice patients residing in the community.Results
Outcome measures for family members of nursing home residents were compared (n = 176) with family members of community-dwelling hospice patients (n = 267). The family members of nursing home residents reported higher quality of life; however, levels of anxiety, depression, perceptions of pain medicine, and health were similar for hospice family members in the nursing home and in the community. Lending an understanding to the stress for hospice family members of nursing home residents, concerns were found with collaboration between the nursing home and the hospice, nursing home care that did not meet family expectations, communication problems, and resident care concerns including pain management. Some family members reported positive end-of-life care experiences in the nursing home setting.Conclusion
These interviews identify a multitude of barriers to quality end-of-life care in the nursing home setting, and demonstrate that support for family members is an essential part of quality end-of-life care for residents. This study suggests that nursing homes should embrace the opportunity to demonstrate the value of family participation in the care-planning process. 相似文献6.
Jennifer S. Albrecht Lindsay Croft Daniel J. Morgan Mary-Claire Roghmann 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(2):158-161
Objectives
To explore current use and perceptions of glove and gown use in nursing homes.Design
Qualitative study using focus groups and semi-structured interviews.Setting
Three community-based nursing homes in Maryland.Participants
Direct care staff, administrators, and residents.Methods
We conducted three focus groups among nursing home staff, one focus group among nursing home administrators, and five interviews with residents. Topic guides were created based on our recent study results and a review of the literature. Two investigators separately analyzed the transcribed recordings and identified recurrent themes.Results
Direct care staff reported using gowns and gloves primarily as self-protection against contact with bodily fluids, not to prevent MRSA transmission. Glove use was described as common and more acceptable to staff and residents than gown use. Administrators were surprised that MRSA transmission to health care worker hands and clothing occurred during activities when direct care staff perceives no contact with bodily fluids. Staff and administrators expressed willingness to use gowns and gloves for high-risk care activities, particularly if use is targeted toward specific types of residents such as those with pressure ulcers. There was a knowledge deficit about MRSA transmission and infection among direct care staff and residents.Conclusions
Results from this study will inform a strategy to reduce MRSA transmission in long-term care. 相似文献7.
Denise A. Tyler Zhanlian Feng Natalie E. Leland Pedro Gozalo Orna Intrator Vincent Mor 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2013,14(11):817-820
Objective
The objective of this study was to document the growth of postacute care and contemporaneous staffing trends in US nursing homes over the decade 2001 to 2010.Design
We integrated data from all US nursing homes longitudinally to track annual changes in the levels of postacute care intensity, therapy staffing and direct-care staffing separately for freestanding and hospital-based facilities.Setting
All Medicare/Medicaid-certified nursing homes from 2001 to 2010 based on the Online Survey Certification and Reporting System database merged with facility-level case mix measures aggregated from resident-level information from the Minimum Data Set and Medicare Part A claims.Measurements
We created a number of aggregate case mix measures to approximate the intensity of postacute care per facility per year, including the proportion of SNF-covered person days, number of admissions per bed, and average RUG-based case mix index. We also created measures of average hours per resident day for physical and occupational therapists, PT/OT assistants, PT/OT aides, and direct-care nursing staff.Results
In freestanding nursing homes, all postacute care intensity measures increased considerably each year throughout the study period. In contrast, in hospital-based facilities, all but one of these measures decreased. Similarly, therapy staffing has risen substantially in freestanding homes but declined in hospital-based facilities. Postacute care case mix acuity appeared to correlate reasonably well with therapy staffing levels in both types of facilities.Conclusion
There has been a marked and steady shift toward postacute care in the nursing home industry in the past decade, primarily in freestanding facilities, accompanied by increased therapy staffing. 相似文献8.
9.
Albert Lukas Benjamin Mayer Daniela Fialová Eva Topinkova Jacob Gindin Graziano Onder Roberto Bernabei Thorsten Nikolaus Michael D. Denkinger 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2013,14(11):821-831
Objective
To identify pharmacological and nonpharmacological pain management approaches and associated factors in nursing home residents across Europe.Setting, Participants, and Measurements
Cross-sectional study with 4156 residents who were assessed using the interRAI instrument for Long Term Care Facilities (interRAI LTCF), including pharmacological and nonpharmacological pain management modalities. Those reporting pain were included in the analyses (n = 1900). A deeper analysis was performed for the subsample of residents who reported “current pain,” defined as pain at least 1 day within the past 3 days (n = 838), and those who reported “current pain of moderate to severe intensity” (n = 590).Results
Up to 24% of residents who reported pain did not receive any pain medication and up to 11% received it only PRN (as-needed basis), independent of current pain-intensity levels; 61% did not receive any nonpharmacological treatment and 21% received neither pharmacological nor nonpharmacological pain modalities. Considerable differences could be demonstrated across European countries. Factors positively associated with pharmacological pain management were being of female gender, reporting cancer, and having moderate or severe pain. High turnover rates of regular staff and low-to-moderate physicians’ availability were negatively associated. Factors positively associated with nonpharmacological treatment were fractures and need of assistance in activities of daily living. Dementia, large nursing home facilities, above-average and high turnover rates of nursing staff, a low physicians’ availability, and severe pain intensity were negatively associated.Conclusion
Despite some advances in recent years, pain treatment in European nursing home residents remains to be suboptimal and requires further improvement. 相似文献10.
11.
Yukari Yamada Martina Vlachova Tomas Richter Harriet Finne-Soveri Jacob Gindin Henriëtte van der Roest Michael D. Denkinger Roberto Bernabei Graziano Onder Eva Topinkova 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2014,15(10):738-743
Background
Visual and hearing impairments are known to be related to functional disability, cognitive impairment, and depression in community-dwelling older people. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of sensory impairment in nursing home residents, and whether sensory impairment is related to other common clinical problems in nursing homes, mediated by functional disability, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms.Methods
Cross-sectional data of 4007 nursing home residents in 59 facilities in 8 countries from the SHELTER study were analyzed. Visual and hearing impairments were assessed by trained staff using the interRAI instrument for Long-Term Care Facilities. Generalized linear mixed models adjusted for functional disability, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms were used to analyze associations of sensory impairments with prevalence of clinical problems, including behavioral symptoms, incontinence, fatigue, falls, problems with balance, sleep, nutrition, and communication.Results
Of the participants, 32% had vision or hearing impairment (single impairment) and another 32% had both vision and hearing impairments (dual impairment). Residents with single impairment had significantly higher rates of communication problems, fatigue, balance problems, and sleep problems, as compared with residents without any sensory impairment. Those with dual impairment had significantly higher rates of all clinical problems assessed in this study as compared with those without sensory impairment. For each clinical problem, the magnitude of the odds ratio for specific clinical problems was higher for dual impairment than for single impairment.Conclusion
Visual and hearing impairments are associated with higher rates of common clinical problems among nursing home residents, independent of functional disability, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms. 相似文献12.
Objectives
To generate a scoring algorithm weighted on the preferences of consumers for assessing the quality of care in nursing homes (i.e., aged care homes or institutions) in six key domains.Methods
A discrete choice experiment was undertaken with residents of nursing homes (n = 126) or family member proxies (n = 416) in cases where severe cognitive impairment precluded resident participation. Analysis was undertaken using conditional and mixed logit regression models to determine preferences for potential attributes.Results
The findings indicate that all six attributes investigated were statistically significant factors for participants. Feeling at home in the resident’s own room was the most important characteristic to both residents and family members. Care staff being able to spend enough time with residents, feeling at home in shared spaces, and staff being very flexible in care routines were also characteristics identified as important for both groups. The results of the Swait-Louviere test rejected the null hypothesis that the estimated parameters between residents and family members were the same, indicating that data from these two groups could not be pooled to generate a single weighted scoring algorithm for the Consumer Choice Index-Six Dimension instrument. Preferences were therefore encapsulated to generate scoring algorithms specific to residents and family members.Conclusions
This study provides important insights into the characteristics of nursing home care that are most valued by consumers. The Consumer Choice Index-Six Dimension instrument may be usefully applied in the evaluation, planning, and design of future services. 相似文献13.
Judith L. Poey Linda Hermer Laci Cornelison Migette L. Kaup Patrick Drake Robyn I. Stone Gayle Doll 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(11):974-979
Objective
Person-centered care (PCC) is meant to enhance nursing home residents' quality of life (QOL). Including residents' perspectives is critical to determining whether PCC is meeting residents’ needs and desires. This study examines whether PCC practices promote satisfaction with QOL and quality of care and services (QOC and QOS) among nursing home residents.Design
A longitudinal, retrospective cohort study using an in-person survey.Setting
Three hundred twenty nursing homes in Kansas enrolled or not enrolled in a pay-for-performance program, Promoting Excellent Alternatives in Kansas (PEAK 2.0), to promote PCC in nursing homes.Participants
A total of 6214 nursing home residents in 2013-2014 and 5538 residents in 2014-2015, with a Brief Interview for Mental Status score ≥8, participated in face-to-face interviews. Results were aggregated to the nursing home level.Measurements
My InnerView developed a Resident Satisfaction Survey for Kansas composed of 32 questions divided into QOL, QOC, QOS, and global satisfaction subdomains.Results
After controlling for facility characteristics, satisfaction with overall QOL and QOC was higher in homes that had fully implemented PCC. Although some individual measures in the QOS domain (eg, food) showed greater satisfaction at earlier levels of implementation, high satisfaction was observed primarily in homes that had fully implemented PCC.Conclusion
These findings provide evidence for the effectiveness of PCC implementation on nursing home resident satisfaction. The PEAK 2.0 program may provide replicable methods for nursing homes and states to implement PCC systematically. 相似文献14.
Background
Hospitalisation of acutely ill nursing home residents is associated with health risks such as infections, complications, or falls, and results in high costs for the health care system. Taking the case of pneumonia, nursing homes generally can ensure care according to guidelines.Aim
Extrapolation of overall expenditures for the German statutory health insurance system from the hospitalisation of nursing home residents with respiratory infection/pneumonia; developing alternative cost scenarios to compare nursing home care with hospital care in consideration of patients’ condition.Methods
Data provided by health insurance funds were extrapolated to the German statutory health insurance system and weighted via German-DRG case values. Care processes (hospital vs. nursing home) were modelled, and treatment steps were divided into cost categories. The patient’s condition was standardised via the Barthel Index.Results
Total expenditures of € 163.3 million were incurred for inpatient care of nursing home residents transferred to hospitals for respiratory infection/pneumonia in 2013 in Germany. Process modelling reveals lower direct costs for nursing home care as well as better development of patients’ condition. Looking at operators of nursing homes, both care scenarios necessitate additional services without reimbursement.Conclusion
Expenditure projections for the hospital care of nursing home residents with pneumonia reveal high saving potential. Avoidance of hospital admission serves to considerably reduce the insurers’ expenditures but also the duration and severity of illness. The study illustrates economic incentive structures for health care providers and indicates courses of action for health policy and nursing homes operators.15.
Alain Queyroux Bernard Saricassapian Daniel Herzog Karin Müller Isabelle Herafa Dorothée Ducoux Benoît Marin Thierry Dantoine Pierre-Marie Preux Achille Tchalla 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(6):528-532
Importance
Dental neglect and high levels of unmet dental needs are becoming increasingly prevalent among elderly residents of long-term care facilities, although frail, elderly, and dependent populations are the most in need of professional dental care. Little is known about the validity of teledentistry for diagnosing dental pathology in nursing home residents.Objectives
To evaluate the accuracy of teledentistry for diagnosing dental pathology, assessing the rehabilitation status of dental prostheses, and evaluating the chewing ability of older adults living in nursing homes (using direct examination as a gold standard).Design
Multicenter diagnostic accuracy study performed in France and Germany.Setting
Eight nursing homes in France and Germany.Participants
Nursing home residents with oral or dental complaints, self-reported or reported by caregivers, willing to receive oral or dental preventive care. In total, 235 patients were examined. The mean age was 84.4 ± 8.3 years, and 59.1% of the subjects were female.Intervention
The patients were examined twice. Each patient was his or her own control. First, the dental surgeon established a diagnosis by reviewing a video recorded in the nursing home and accessed remotely. Second, within a maximum of 7 days, patients were examined conventionally (face-to-face) by the same surgeon who established the initial diagnosis.Measurements
All residents received a comprehensive clinical examination in their home by a trained geriatrician and underwent a dental hygiene evaluation that used the Silness-Loe and Greene-Vermillion dental hygiene assessment indices. The diagnoses established via the video recording and in the face-to-face setting were compared. The main outcome measure was number of dental pathologies.Results
In total, 128 (55.4%) patients had a dental pathology. The sensitivity of teledentistry for diagnosing dental pathology was 93.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90.7–96.9), and the specificity was 94.2% (95% CI 91.2–97.2). Among the 128 cases of dental pathology identified by teledentistry, 6 (4.8%) were false positives. The teledentistry assessments were quicker than the face-to-to-face examinations (12 and 20 minutes, respectively).Conclusions
Teledentistry showed excellent accuracy for diagnosing dental pathology in older adults living in nursing homes; its use may allow more regular checkups to be carried out by dental professionals. 相似文献16.
Jeannette C.L. van Duinen-van den IJssel Ans J.M.J. Mulders Martin Smalbrugge Sandra A. Zwijsen Britt Appelhof Sytse U. Zuidema Marjolein E. de Vugt Frans R.J. Verhey Christian Bakker Raymond T.C.M. Koopmans 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(7):627-632
Objective
The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the relationship between different neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and the level of distress experienced by nurses caring for residents with young-onset dementia (YOD) and (2) to compare these findings with those for nurses caring for residents with late-onset dementia (LOD).Design/Setting
This is a retrospective study conducted in Dutch long-term care facilities. Data were used from the Behavior and Evolution of Young-ONset Dementia studies (BEYOND) Parts I and II and the WAAL Behavior in Dementia-II (Waalbed-II) study.Participants
A total of 382 nursing home residents with YOD and 261 nursing home residents with LOD were included.Measurements
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory, nursing home version, was used to assess nursing staff distress and the frequency (F) and severity (S) of NPS. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationships between nursing staff distress related to NPS and YOD and LOD care units, the F × S score per symptom, gender, dementia subtype, and dementia severity.Results
Nurses working in YOD care units rated sleep and nighttime behavior disorders, delusions, and agitation/aggression most often as highly distressing and euphoria most often as not distressing. Multivariate analyses indicated that the frequency and severity of NPS were significantly associated with staff distress in all symptoms, except for apathy. Comparison of the 2 groups of nurses demonstrated that the odds for distress related to sleep and nighttime behavior disorders were higher for nurses in YOD care units than for nurses in LOD units. For both the YOD and LOD nurses, irritability in male residents had higher impact than similar behavior in female residents.Conclusion
This study provides important insight into distress related to individual NPS and the interaction with residents' characteristics. All NPS result in distress. The frequency and severity of the behavior is an important predictor. Sleep and nighttime behavior disorders are more likely to result in distress in YOD nurses than in LOD nurses. The amount of distress related to NPS emphasizes the urgent need for adequate management of NPS and the support of professional caregivers. 相似文献17.
Kathy K. Hager Paul Loprinzi Dennis Stone 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2013,14(11):851
Objective
The objectives of this article are to (1) describe the outcomes of a diabetes care program in a long term care facility dedicated to diabetes excellence and (2) compare the relevant outcome variables of research published between 2007 and 2012 with the results found in the studied facility.Design
Three-year retrospective chart review of the facility's residents with comparison to extant literature.Participants
A total of 224 resident charts within the studied facility were reviewed. Residents with a diagnosis of diabetes, or who were on diabetes medications, or whose fasting blood sugars exceeded 126 mg/dL on 2 occasions, and whose length of stay exceeded 6 months, were tracked for adherence to diabetes guidelines (n = 48). Participant outcomes from relevant studies in the literature were compared to these 48 participants' outcomes.Intervention
All levels of staff in the studied facility were educated in general diabetes care. A nurse practitioner was contracted to provide medical care for all diabetic residents (with primary care provider approval). A scorecard for adherence to diabetes guidelines was completed by the nurse practitioner. Over a 3-year period following the education program and scorecard implementation, a chart review of all residents was completed by a consulting diabetes educator/nurse practitioner/nurse faculty member and 6 undergraduate nursing students.Results
In general, the nursing home in the present study compared favorably with other relevant studies, demonstrating lower A1C levels, tracking blood sugars more regularly, monitoring blood pressure and lipids more regularly, having a greater percentage of patients on lipid-lowering medications among those in need, more appropriate use of sliding scale insulin, greater adherence to recommendations regarding diet, and had more patients who fit criteria on preventive anticoagulation.Discussion
The results for the studied facility were very similar, often better, when compared with the most current nursing home literature. Areas of weakness provided focused strategic planning for the facility. Regrettably, the research is sparse, and evidence supporting guideline adherence data is often missing, making data comparison difficult. This model of care, linking health care agencies with academia, could offer a supportive and affordable method for identifying responses to evidence-based care guidelines.Conclusion
This narrative review points to the need for continued work in the application of evidence-based guidelines in long term care, specifically in the area of interventions that must be adjusted to the needs of the nursing home population, with increased awareness in maintaining or improving quality of life. 相似文献18.
Rebecca Whear Jo Thompson Coon Alison Bethel Rebecca Abbott Ken Stein Ruth Garside 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2014,15(10):697-705
Objective
To examine the impact of gardens and outdoor spaces on the mental and physical well-being of people with dementia who are resident in care homes and understand the views of people with dementia, their carers, and care home staff on the value of gardens and outdoor spaces.Design
Systematic review.Methods
Fourteen databases were searched from inception to February 2013. Forward and backward citation chasing of included articles was conducted; 38 relevant organizations were contacted to identify unpublished reports. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by 2 reviewers in a 2-stage process and were discussed with a third reviewer where necessary. Results were synthesized narratively.Results
Seventeen studies were included: 9 quantitative, 7 qualitative, and 1 mixed methods. The quantitative studies were of poor quality but suggested decreased levels of agitation were associated with garden use. The views and experiences of the garden are discussed in relation to themes of how the garden was used, nature of interactions, impact/effect of the gardens, mechanisms/how the garden was thought to have an effect, and negatives (such as perception of the garden as a hazard and the limited staff time).Conclusion
There are promising impacts on levels of agitation in care home residents with dementia who spend time in a garden. Future research would benefit from a focus on key outcomes measured in comparable ways with a separate focus on what lies behind limited accessibility to gardens within the residential care setting. 相似文献19.
Bram de Boer Jan P.H. Hamers Sandra M.G. Zwakhalen Frans E.S. Tan Hanneke C. Beerens Hilde Verbeek 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(1):40-46
Objectives
Innovative care environments are developed for people with dementia to encourage person-centered care. This study aims to investigate whether residents of green care farms that provide 24-hour nursing care participate more in (physical) activities and social interaction compared with residents of other nursing homes.Design
Longitudinal observation study.Setting
Nursing homes in the Netherlands (green care farms, traditional nursing homes, and regular small-scale living facilities).Participants
A total of 115 nursing home residents at baseline, 100 at follow-up.Measurements
Ecological momentary assessments (n = 16,860) were conducted using the Maastricht Electronic Daily Life Observation Tool. Residents living at green care farms were compared with residents living in traditional nursing homes and regular small-scale living facilities. The following aspects were collected for this study: the activity performed by the participant or occurring in his or her vicinity, the engagement in the activity, the level of physical activity during the activity, the physical environment (location where the activity occurred), and the level of social interaction during the activity.Results
In total, 9660 baseline observations and 7200 follow-up observations were conducted. Analyses showed that residents of green care farms significantly more often participated in domestic activities (P = .004, SE = 1.6) and outdoor/nature-related activities (P = .003, SE = 0.9), and significantly less often engaged in passive/purposeless activities (P < .001, SE = 1.7) compared with residents of traditional nursing homes. Furthermore, residents of green care farms had significantly more active engagement (P = .014, SE = 0.9), more social interaction (P = .006, SE = 1.1), and came outside significantly more (P = .010, SE = 1.1) than residents of traditional nursing homes. Residents of green care farms were significantly more physically active (P = .013, SE = 0.8) than were residents of regular small-scale living facilities. No other significant differences were found.Conclusion
Green care farms can be a valuable alternative to traditional nursing homes. They provide an attractive, homelike environment and activities that positively influence engagement and social interaction. Research is needed to study how successful elements of green care farms can be implemented in existing nursing homes. 相似文献20.
Claudia K.Y. Lai Xiaojuan Wan 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(6):509-514