尤瑞克林联合丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的疗效观察

目的分析急性缺血性脑卒中患者联合使用尤瑞克林及丁苯酞的治疗效果,为临床治疗提供新的思路和理论依据。方法对2014-03—2015-06我院治疗的80例急性缺血性脑卒中老年患者,随机分为观察组与对照组各40例,对照组采用丁苯酞治疗,观察组使用尤瑞克林联合和丁苯酞治疗,对比观察2组患者治疗效果、治疗前后NIHSS评分、Barthel指数评分及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组总有效率为85.00%,对照组为62.50%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2组治疗前NIHSS评分及Barthel指数评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后观察组NIHSS评分较对照组明显减低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组Barthel指数评分明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为5.00%,对照组为7.50%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论尤瑞克林联合和丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中患者疗效确切,能显著提高治疗效果,改善患者神经功能缺损,且不良反应发生率较低,安全性较高,具有一定临床价值,值得推广运用。     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗缺血性脑卒中临床观察

目的分析丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效。方法收集我院2014-05—2015-05进展性缺血性脑卒中住院患者,随机分为对照组76例和治疗组81例,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上静滴丁苯酞氯化钠注射液14d,比较2组治疗前后的卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、神经功能缺损评分及临床疗效;分别于治疗前及治疗后14d检测血清CRP水平与TNF?α水平。结果 2组治疗前NIHSS评分及神经功能缺损评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后治疗组有效率显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后2组血清CRP水平与TNF?α水平均较治疗前有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),组间比较治疗组下降程度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中,能有效减少神经细胞损伤,降低患者血清炎性因子水平,改善神经功能缺损,值得临床推广应用。     

丁苯酞对急性缺血性脑卒中患者CRP及神经功能的影响

目的探讨丁苯酞对急性缺血性脑卒中患者CRP及神经功能的影响。方法选取急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者86例为研究对象,采用数字随机表分为对照组和观察组各43例,对照组行常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上予以丁苯酞治疗,行神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)评估治疗效果,治疗前后检测C反应蛋白(CRP)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平。结果观察组治疗总有效率83.72%,较对照组的64.12%高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后CRP、Hcy水平均明显下降,与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后CRP、Hcy水平均较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2组治疗前NIHSS评分无明显差异(P0.05),治疗1周、2周均明显下降,与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组1周、2周NIHSS评分与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞能够降低急性缺血性脑卒中患者CRP水平,减轻神经功能缺损程度。     

丁苯酞注射液对缺血性脑卒中患者认知功能及脑血流灌注的影响

目的分析丁苯酞注射液对缺血性脑卒中(CIS)患者认知功能及脑血流灌注的影响。方法我院2013-05-2016-10收治的76例缺血性脑卒中患者,随机数字表法分为观察组(38例)和对照组(38例),对照组采用常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合丁苯酞注射液治疗,治疗2周后统计2组总有效率,并采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)对2组认知功能进行测评,同时对比2组脑血流灌注指标[脑血流量(CBV)、脑血流速度(CBF)]水平。结果观察组总有效率86.84%高于对照组63.16%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前相比,2组治疗2周后MoCA各维度评分均提高,且观察组MoCA各维度评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);2组治疗后CBV、CBF与治疗前相比均显著提高,且观察组提高幅度大于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞注射液治疗缺血性脑卒中,可改善患者认知功能及脑血流灌注水平,疗效显著。     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中临床疗效观察

目的探讨丁苯酞氯化钠治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院自2013-10—2014-10收治的108例急性缺血性脑卒中患者的临床资料。按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组54例。对照组口服阿司匹林和静滴胞二磷胆碱,观察组在对照组基础上加用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液。15d后观察2组急性脑卒中患者的神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS评分)和临床效果。结果 2组患者在治疗前后的NIHSS评分和治疗后的临床效果差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),且观察组治疗效果优于对照组(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中临床疗效好,值得在临床推广使用。     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗缺血性脑卒中临床疗效观察

目的探讨丁苯酞氯化钠治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2013-06—2015-06收治的216例急性缺血性脑卒中患者的临床资料,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组均108例。对照组口服阿司匹林和静滴胞二磷胆碱,观察组在对照组的基础上采用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗。15d后观察2组急性脑卒中患者的神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS评分)和临床效果。结果 2组患者在治疗前后的NIHSS评分和治疗后的临床效果差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),且观察组治疗效果优于对照组(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中临床疗效好,值得在临床推广使用。     

丁苯酞注射液对进展性脑梗死患者血清高敏C反应蛋白的影响及临床疗效

目的探讨丁苯酞注射液对进展性缺血性脑卒中患者血清高敏C反应蛋白的影响及临床疗效。方法 120例患者随机分为治疗组及对照组,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用丁苯酞注射液,对照组仅给予常规治疗,治疗2周后观察其血清高敏C反应蛋白的变化及临床疗效。结果治疗组有效率明显高于对照组;治疗2周后,2组患者的hs-CRP水平及NIHSS评分较治疗前均明显降低（P〈0.05）,治疗组hs-CRP水平及NIHSS评分降低更为明显,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论应用丁苯酞注射液可以显著降低进展性缺血性脑卒中患者血清高敏CRP浓度,改善预后。     

丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效

目的探讨丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床效果。方法收集2012-03-2014-11我院急性缺血性脑卒中患者126例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。基础治疗相同,研究组加用丁苯酞治疗,疗程14d。比较2组患者治疗前后神经功能损伤评分(NIHSS)、日常生活能力评分(Barthel指数),并观察研究组和对照组出院12个月的病死率。结果 2组患者在治疗14d后NIHSS评分和Barthel指数评分较治疗前改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。出院12个月的病死率研究组较对照组降低明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中可有效改善患者神经功能损伤,提高患者日常生活能力,临床疗效肯定。     

丁苯酞注射液治疗频发型TIA疗效观察

目的观察丁苯酞注射液治疗频发短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的临床疗效。方法选取46例TIA患者,随机分为治疗组23例和对照组23例,2组在抗血小板聚集等基础治疗上无差异,治疗组另给予丁苯酞氯化钠注射液100mL,2次/d,疗程为14d。结果治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,2组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且无明显不良反应。结论丁苯酞注射液对治疗频发TIA疗效确切。     

丁苯酞对急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清C反应蛋白的影响及疗效观察

目的 观察丁苯酞对急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清C反应蛋白（CRP）的影响,探讨其在急性缺血性脑卒中治疗中的作用.方法将130例急性缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组及对照组,对照组采用常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用丁苯酞胶囊,治疗2周后观察临床疗效及血清C反应蛋白的变化.结果 观察组有效率明显高于对照组;治疗2周后,2组患者CRP水平及NIHSS 评分较治疗前均明显降低,观察组CRP水平及NIHSS 评分较对照组降低更为明显,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论应用丁苯酞可显著降低急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清CRP质量浓度,减轻炎症反应,对改善脑卒中病情及预后具有重要价值.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

Release of endogenous catecholamines from slices of hypothalamus of rats

The release of endogenous catecholamines from superfused slices of rat hypothalamus was studied under basal conditions and during release evoked by 40 mM K⁺. Catecholamines in superfusates, and in extracts of the tissue after stimulation, were isolated by column chromatography and quantitated by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Norepinephrine (NE) was not consistently demonstrable in superfusate collected under basal conditions, but 40 mM K⁺ caused the release of from 2 to 4 ng/g of tissue per min. The addition of cocaine to the superfusate caused increases in basal and evoked release of NE. Epinephrine (E) could be measured in superfusates of slices from male but not female rats and then only when cocaine was added to the superfusate. Accordingly, the concentration of E in hypothalamus was greater in male rats than in female rats. Dopamine (DA) was not consistently measurable in the spontaneous overflow from slices either in the presence or absence of cocaine. K⁺-evoked release of DA could be demonstrated in slices from female rats. The addition of cocaine increased the evoked release of DA from slices from both sexes. Corticosterone, added to cocaine, had no effects on the efflux of any of the catecholamines. The experiments suggest that neuronal reuptake of all catecholamines is very efficient in the hypothalamus both under basal conditions and during evoked release.     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

Function of circle of Willis

Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.     

阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的:比较阿立哌唑与利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法:60例精神分裂患者随机平分为两组各30例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗。疗程8周。用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑与利培酮均能显著提高精神分裂症患者生活质量,但阿立哌唑在改善GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康及社会功能维度优于利培酮。结论:阿立哌唑治疗有利于提高精神分裂症患者生活质量。