全胸腔镜肺叶切除与开胸肺叶切除治疗非小细胞肺癌临床疗效分析

目的探讨全胸腔镜肺叶切除与开胸肺叶切除治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)临床疗效分析。方法分析2009年到2011年接受肺叶切除的180例NSCLC患者,其中90例行全胸腔镜肺叶切除术,作为观察组;90例行常规开胸肺叶切除术,作为对照组,对两组患者手术切口长度、手术时间、手术出血量、淋巴结清扫数量、胸引流管放置时间、术后引流总量、切口疼痛程度、术后住院时间以及并发症发生率等指标进行分析。结果治疗组手术切口、手术时间、手术出血量、切口疼痛程度、术后住院时间以及并发症发生率均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组淋巴结清扫数量、胸引流管放置时间以及术后引流总量比较没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗(NSCLC)安全有效,值得临床推广使用。     

全胸腔镜与开胸肺叶切除术对比观察

目的对比观察全胸腔镜肺叶切除术与开胸肺叶切除术的安全性及术后患者生活质量。方法行全胸腔镜肺叶切除术者30例(VATS组),同期行开胸肺叶切除术者30例(开胸组),比较两组手术期、围术期相关指标及术后随访结果。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术,无术中及围手术期死亡。两组手术时间、肺癌患者淋巴结清扫站数、清扫淋巴结数量及住院总费用相近;术中出血量、术后胸液量、胸管保留时间、住院时间和术后患者的生活质量,VATS组优于开胸组,两组相比,P均<0.05。结论全胸腔镜肺叶切除术安全性、手术效果均不逊于开胸手术,且全胸腔镜手术患者围术期痛苦少、恢复快,术后生活质量较高。     

全胸腔镜肺叶/肺段切除治疗肺癌112例

目的探讨全胸腔镜肺叶/肺段切除术治疗肺癌的效果及国产内镜器械的应用效能。方法将2009年1月至2012年12月全胸腔镜肺叶切除112例中的前后各56例分成两组,统计手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术中失血量、术后胸引量、带管时间、术后住院时间、疼痛评分、术后并发症、器械问题指标并进行对比。结果前后两组在手术时间、术中失血量、术后胸引量、术后住院天数、并发症差异显著,疼痛评分、医疗费用方面有统计学差异(P<0.05);淋巴结清扫数量和引流时间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。国产内镜器械和进口器械在使用中出现的相关问题差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全胸腔镜肺叶切除/肺段切除治疗肺癌,具有安全、快速、微创的优势。随着技术的提高和器械的改进,全胸腔镜肺叶手术技术将越来越适用于临床。国产内镜器械在使用上是安全的。     

胸腔镜与开胸肺叶切除手术方式的比较

目的通过传统开胸(OT)与完全胸腔镜(VATS)肺叶切除两种手术方式的比较,更进一步体会完全胸腔镜肺叶切除手术安全性、可行性和有效性。方法分析我院胸外科257例肺叶切除手术。其中72例胸腔镜(CVATS),185例开胸(OT)肺叶切除。对两组手术时间,术中出血量,术后带胸引管时间,手术后住院时间,并发症等临床资料进行比较。结果两组均无手术死亡,手术并发症、手术时间、术中出血量、术后带胸引管时间、手术后住院时间,腔镜组均优于传统开胸组。结论完全胸腔镜肺叶切除手术方式具有微创、快速恢复而且安全,是早期肺癌和大部分肺良性病变的理想选择。     

胸腔镜辅助小切口肺叶切除经验

目的总结开展胸腔镜辅助小切口肺叶切除术的经验。方法分析我科57例胸腔镜辅助小切口(VAMT)肺叶切除术患者临床资料。结果全组胸腔镜探查后即行VAMT肺叶切除42例,拟行全胸腔镜手术(c-VATS)而术中中转为VAMT15例。平均手术时间142.7±37.2 min,术中出血平均386.5±141.5 ml;术后平均住院时间9.21±3.62 d。全组无围术期死亡;1例并发术后出血,再次手术后恢复;余患者无严重并发症。结论 VAMT兼具传统开胸与VATS手术优势,可满足各种肺叶切除术及处理术中出血需要。     

单向式胸腔镜肺叶切除与传统开胸手术比较

目的评价单向式胸腔镜肺叶切除术的临床应用效果。方法分析我院单向式胸腔镜肺叶切除术57例和传统开胸肺叶切除手术65例,分别统计手术时间、术中失血量、术后住院时间等方面的差别。结果 122例均手术成功,无围手术期死亡病例。两者在性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、淋巴结清扫数、术后住院时间方面无统计学差异,前者在手术时间、术中失血量、切口疼痛、术后胸腔引流时间、并发症方面优于后者,P<0.05。结论单向式胸腔镜手术是肺癌根治的一种可供选择的有效手段,与传统开胸手术比较有许多优点。     

全胸腔镜肺叶切除联合淋巴结清扫术治疗老年非小细胞肺癌的疗效

目的探讨全胸腔镜肺叶切除联合淋巴结清扫术治疗老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的临床效果。方法收集该院2011年6月至2013年6月住院治疗的老年NSCLC患者100例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例,观察组给予全胸腔镜肺叶切除联合淋巴结清扫术,对照组给予开胸手术同样联合淋巴结清扫术,观察两组手术基本情况、治疗效果、术后并发症等。结果观察组的手术时间长于对照组(P<0.05);而术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后引流量、清扫淋巴结组数、术后下床活动时间等均小于对照组(P<0.05);清扫淋巴结个数在两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后疼痛评分(VAS)评分低于对照组(P>0.05);两组围术期死亡率以及随访1年死亡率比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组1年疾病复发率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后并发症发生率比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论全胸腔镜肺叶切除联合淋巴结清扫术治疗老年NSCLC术中出血量、术后疾病复发率以及术后并发症发生率较低,值得临床上采纳使用。     

胸腔镜肺叶切除手术治疗肺癌的临床研究（附63例分析）

目的 研究肺癌疾病患者应用单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除手术治疗的可行性.方法 筛选在我科治疗的126例肺癌患者病历资料.胸腔镜组63例患者行单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗,开胸组63例患者传统开胸肺叶切除术.结果 126例患者均顺利完成手术.在术中失血量、术后胸腔引流量、切口疼痛评分、术后住院时间及术后并发症的发生情况上,胸腔镜组明显低于开胸组（P＜0.05）,在平均手术时间和1年无瘤生存率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除术是一种安全性和有效性都较高,并且操作简便,易于临床推广.     

胸腔镜下不同术式肺叶切除术治疗早期NSCLC的手术效果对比研究

目的对比并探讨电视辅助小切口胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VAMT)、杂交式单孔操作电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术手术(HSHVATS)、多孔操作电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术(PVATS)治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的围术期疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年6月~2014年8月间胸外科收治的行胸腔镜手术治疗的150例NSCLC患者,根据手术方式的不同分为VAMT组48例、HSHVATS组50例、PVATS组52例,比较三组患者切口长度、术中失血量、手术时间、引流时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术后总引流量、围术期并发症等指标。结果三组患者手术均顺利完成,无围术期死亡病例。HSHVATS组患者切口长度(4.2±0.7)cm、术中出血量(166.6±685)ml、胸引管留置时间(5.9±2.8)d,均显著低于VAMT组(11.4±2.5)cm、(287.1±99.7)ml、(7.7±3.4)min(P0.05),两组手术时间、术后总引流量、淋巴结清扫数差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);PVATS组患者切口长度(4.1±0.9)cm、术中出血量(178.8±74.2)ml均显著低于VAMT组患者(P0.05),两组手术时间、术后总引流量、胸引管留置时间、淋巴结清扫数量差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);HSHVATS组和PVATS组在切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后总引流量、胸引管放置时间、淋巴结清扫数目等围术期指标方面比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。三组术后并发症发生率(8.3%vs.4.0%、9.6%)差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.223 P=0.824)。结论早期NSCLC通过VAMT、HSHVATS、PVATS肺叶切除术联合系统性纵隔淋巴结清扫术治疗均有效且安全,肿瘤切除均彻底;HSHVATS和PVATS较VAMT具有出血少、创伤小、术后恢复快等特点,HSHVATS较PVATS具有切口小、操作简单,对术者要求更低的临床优势。     

全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗继发型肺结核

目的探讨全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗继发型肺结核的安全性、可行性和有效性。方法回顾性分析我院2009年9月~2013年12月完成的全胸腔镜下以肺叶切除为主的手术治疗继发型肺结核患者78例。记录中转开胸、手术时间、术中出血、术后引流液总量、带管时间、并发症和随访情况等。结果全组患者8例中转开胸,其余均在全胸腔镜下完成手术,手术平均时间(161.4±58.3)min;术中平均出血量(325.3±102.5)ml,术后平均引流液总量(1060.5±450.8)ml;术后平均带管时间(8.6±3.7)天;术后平均住院时间(10.4±3.9)天。出现术后并发症8例,其中肺漏气4例,引流液较多3例,切口延迟愈合1例。随访时间平均25.8个月,症状消失或好转,无复发、死亡患者。结论全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗继发型肺结核是一种安全、可行、有效的方法。     

电视胸腔镜手术在非小细胞肺癌治疗中的优势

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术（VATS）相对于传统开胸手术在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）诊断和治疗中的优势。方法收集2008年11月至2010年11月行全胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者83例,并与同期97例行传统开胸肺叶切除术的患者进行比较,术前患者均行胸部CT等常规检查临床诊断为NSCLC,观察两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、淋巴结清扫数目、术后胸腔闭式引流天数、术后住院时间,并将数据输入SPSS17．0统计软件包,计算两组均数±标准差（x±S）,统计方法采用两样本均数t检验,P≤0．05为差异有统计学意义。结果VATS组在平均术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目、术后胸腔闭式引流天数方面与传统开胸组比较无统计学差异,而平均手术时间多于传统开胸组,术后平均住院时间少于传统开胸组,差异具有统计学意义。结论VATS在与传统开胸手术治疗NSCLC相比,其能达到相似的手术效果,并能明显减少术后并发症及术后住院时间,将手术创伤降至最低,提高患者术后生存质量。虽然有关VATS与传统手术术后生存效果的比较有待多中心、长期大宗完整病例的观察和分析。但有理由相信VATS应用前景将会更加广阔。     

Robot-assisted lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer in china: initial experience and techniques

Objective

To summarize our initial experience in robot-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods Five patients underwent lobectomy using da Vinci S HD Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, California). During the operation, we respectively made four ports over chest wall for positioning robotic endoscope, left and right robotic arms and auxiliary instruments without retracting ribs. The procedure followed sequential anatomy as complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy did, and lymph node dissection followed international standard.

Results

All patients successfully underwent complete robot-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy. Neither additional incisions nor emergent conversion to a thoracotomy happened. Frozen dissection during lobectomy showed non-small-cell lung cancer in four patients, who afterwards underwent systemic lymph node dissection, while the case left was with tuberculoma and didn''t undergo lymph node dissection. Recurrent air leak occurred in one case, so chest tube was kept for drainage, and one week later, the patient was extubated due to improvement. All other patients recovered well postoperatively without obvious postoperative complications.

Conclusion

Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is feasible with good operability, clear visual field, reliable action and its supriority of trouble free; exquisite operative skills are required to ensure a stable and safe operation; robot-assisted surgery is efficiency and patients recover well postoperatively.     

A completely thoracoscopic lobectomy/segmentectomy for primary lung cancer--technique, feasibility, and advantages

INTRODUCTION: A completely thoracoscopic lobectomy/segmentectomy for primary lung cancer was designed to maximize the benefits of this type of minimally invasive surgery. The technique, feasibility, and advantages of this surgical modality over the conventional procedure were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2003 and December 2004, 38 patients underwent a lobectomy (n = 30) or segmentectomy (n = 8) for clinical stage IA primary lung cancer. A resection using a standard thoracotomy (Thoracotomy Group) was performed in 19 patients, and a completely thoracoscopic resection was performed in 10 cases (CTR Group). Conventional video-assisted thoracic surgery with a mini-thoracotomy was performed in 9 cases. RESULTS: All CTR lobectomies or segmentectomies were carried out safely without any major complications. The number of resected mediastinal lymph nodes was similar in both groups. There was a tendency for the hospital stay to be somewhat shorter in the CTR Group. With respect to postoperative pain as evaluated by a visual analogue scale (VAS), the CTR Group showed a significantly lower level of pain in comparison to the Thoracotomy Group ( P = 0.024 on day 2). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that a complete thoracoscopic lung resection is a safe and technically feasible surgical procedure which enables us to make thoracoscopic lung resections less invasive.     

胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗早期非小细胞肺癌45例的临床分析

目的对比分析胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VATS)与常规开胸肺叶切除术(CT)在治疗早期非小细胞肺癌的优越性。方法收集我科2010年1月至2014年12月所开展的45例胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VATS)与45例传统开胸肺叶切除术(CT)在治疗早期非小细胞肺癌方面做对照研究,就两组术中所用时间,术中出血量、切口长短、淋巴结清扫数目、胸腔引流管保留时间、术后胸腔积液引流量、切口疼痛程度、术后并发症、术后住院天数,以及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素1β(IL-1β)、C反应蛋白(CRP)指标差异性进行对比分析。结果VATS组中在术中所用时间、切口长度、术中出血量、胸腔引流管保留时间、术后胸腔积液引流量、以及术后住院天数,明显优于CT组,VATS组术后1、3、5天切口疼痛程度、血清TNF-α、IL-1β及CRP水平均明显低于同时间点CT组(P均0.05),但术后并发症及淋巴结清扫数量组间无差异(P均0.05)。结论胸腔镜肺叶切除术在治疗早期非小细胞肺癌中是一种安全有效并且更加微创的手术方式,值得推广。     

完全胸腔镜与传统开胸肺叶切除术对患者动脉血气影响的研究

目的观察并对比完全胸腔镜下肺叶切除术与传统开胸肺叶切除术对患者动脉血气的影响及程度。方法回顾性分析2013年5月~2015年3月间本院胸外科行肺叶切除术的65例患者病历,根据手术方式分为完全胸腔镜组35例和传统组30例,胸腔镜组患者采用完全胸腔镜下切除肺叶,传统组采取传统开胸肺叶切除术,比较两组患者术前及术后1天、3天、7天时氧分压(PaO_2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2)、PH值、剩余碱(BE)、标准碳酸氢盐(SB)等动脉血气数据。结果两组患者术后第1天、第3天动脉氧分压均不同程度下降,术后第7天各项指标回升或接近术前标准。术后第1天完全胸腔镜组患者PaO_2(76.32±4.01)mmHg显著高于传统组(68.27±3.21)mm Hg(t=8.832 P0.001),完全胸腔组患者EB值(-2.58±1.09)mmol/L也显著高于传统组(-2.07±0.93)mmol/L(t=2.011 P=0.049),PaCO_2、SB、PH两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后第3天胸腔镜组PaO_2(68.98±4.02)mm Hg亦明显高于传统组(63.92±3.56)mm Hg(t=5.33 P0.001),PaCO_2、EB、SB、PH等指标两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后第7天两组PaO_2、PaCO_2、EB、SB、PH等指标差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论完全胸腔镜肺叶切除术与传统开胸肺叶切除术对患者术后动脉血气均会产生一定影响,完全胸腔镜肺叶切除术在术后早期对患者动脉血气影响显著小于传统开胸肺叶切除术,后期无明显差异。     

非插管与插管电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗肺癌的比较

目的本研究旨在比较非插管和插管电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗肺癌的早期手术效果。方法回顾分析2019年5月至2020年5月于我科同一医疗组行胸腔镜手术的患者的68例电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术(非插管式肺叶切除术34例,插管式肺叶切除术34例)。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、BMI、FEV;、DLCO、吸烟史、肺叶切除、组织学类型和病理分期等方面具有可比性。非插管组和插管组术后平均住院时间分别为9.3±3.8天和8.7±5.3天(P=0.624),闭式引流留置时间分别为3.6±2.0天和4.2±1.4天(P=0.867)。在麻醉持续时间、手术时间、出血量和术后并发症方面,两组的手术结果相似。非插管组肺叶切除术所需时间较短(非插管组平均为112.6±20.1分钟,插管组为123.7±30.4分钟)。两组间唯一有统计学意义的手术结果是淋巴结清扫数(未插管组的平均淋巴结数为13.9±7.0个,插管组为17.6±6.4个,P=0.004)。非插管组中有1例因出血需要改行单肺插管和小切口手术,插管组无中转手术。两组均无死亡病例。结论非插管电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术的早期疗效与插管组相当。非插管电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术是安全的,在技术上是可行的。然而,还需要进一步的前瞻性随机研究,以便更好地比较非插管和插管式胸腔镜肺叶切除术。     

New approaches to the minimally invasive treatment of lung cancer

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The momentum for minimally invasive thoracic surgery has been growing. Thousands of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomies have been performed since the first video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy was performed in 1992, but currently most lobectomies are still performed via a thoracotomy. Although most lobectomies could be performed with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, less than 5% are currently performed that way. Compared with a thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery offers patients a shorter length of stay, less pain, and a quicker recovery, without compromising the adequacy of the operation. The purpose of this review is to identify the current uses for minimally invasive procedures in thoracic surgery and to present the current data regarding these procedures. RECENT FINDINGS: Complete anatomic resections and node dissections are routinely being performed at several centers internationally. The median length of stay after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy is 3 days, and 84.7% of patients had no complications. Studies comparing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy suggest that minimally invasive surgery causes less pain, has a smaller impact on postoperative pulmonary function, and provides a quicker return to regular activity, with at least comparable survival for cancer patients. SUMMARY: Current data suggest that, compared with a thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has advantages for anatomic pulmonary resections.     

Complete video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left lower lobe and lung lymph node dissection

We describe herein a case of complete video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left lower lobe and lung lymph node dissection. The patient was a 67-year-old man. A physical examination revealed a nodule in the left lower lobe that had been present for 7 years. According to the chest computed tomography (CT) report recently, a diagnosis of lung cancer was not excluded. Due to the surgical indications, he was underwent complete video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left lower lobe and lung lymph node dissection. The frozen pathology report was consistent with adenocarcinoma. He recovered smoothly, without any perioperative complications.     

Thoracoscopic decortication as first-line therapy for pediatric parapneumonic empyema. A case series

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Previous articles have promoted the early use of thoracotomy and decortication for refractory empyema. This study examines thoracoscopy and decortication at the time of initial chest tube placement in pediatric patients with parapneumonic empyema. DESIGN: We reviewed the medical records of 16 consecutive patients who were children with parapneumonic empyema. RESULTS: Thirteen children (group 1) underwent thoracoscopic decortication and tube thoracostomy as their initial operative procedures; 3 children (group 2) had tube thoracostomy alone. In both groups, chest tubes were removed prior to their discharge to home. The mean (+/- SD) operative time for thoracoscopy was 81 +/- 19 min with no complications. On average, chest tubes were removed by postoperative day 4. The mean time to discharge was 8.3 days. Two children eventually required lobectomy. The mean operative time for chest tube placement alone was 21 +/- 3 min. Children required chest tube drainage for an average of 12.3 days. The mean time to discharge was 16.6 days. Two patients required a total of five additional operative procedures, including two additional chest tube placements, two open decortications, and one lobectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic decortication is effective in the early treatment of pediatric parapneumonic empyema. It facilitates visualization, evacuation, and mechanical decortication of the pleural space with no additional morbidity and may lead to reduced time for chest tube drainage, shorter hospitalization, and more rapid clinical recovery.