金诃降脂胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂和血液流变学的影响

目的 观察金诃降脂胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂和血液流变学的影响。方法 测定高脂血症大鼠血脂和血液流变学的各项指标。结果 金诃降脂胶囊灌胃(ig)给药40天后发现该药能明显降低由高脂乳剂所造成的大鼠TC、TG、LDL的水平；血液流变学各项结果显示该药能明显降低高脂血症大鼠高、低切变率下的全血粘度(ηb)、全血还原粘度(ηr)、血浆粘度(ηP)、血细胞比容(HCT)。结论 金诃降脂胶囊不仅对高脂血症大鼠的血脂代谢紊乱具有良好的调节作用。而且能改变血液流变学特性。     

桑枝颗粒对糖尿病大鼠的作用研究

目的：研究桑枝颗粒对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢的影响。方法：采用四氧嘧啶复制糖尿病大鼠模型,灌胃给药4周后测定空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）。结果糖尿病模型大鼠的FPG、TG、TC、LDL-c、FFA含量显著高于正常对照组大鼠,HDL-c含量明显低于正常大鼠,差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）;桑枝颗粒治疗组FPG、TG、TC、LDL-c、FFA显著降低,HDL-c显著升高,与对照组比较,差异具有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论桑枝颗粒可降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖及改善血脂紊乱。     

灵芝多糖对高血脂大鼠血脂水平的影响

目的 探讨灵芝多糖对高血脂大鼠血脂的调节作用.方法 采用高脂饲料喂养建立高血脂大鼠模型,以高、中、低三个剂量灵芝多糖灌胃,分别于第14天和28天检测大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）和低密度脂脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）等指标.结果 不同剂量的灵芝多糖均可显著性抑制高血脂大鼠血清TC、TG和LDL-c的升高（P〈0.01）,并能调节HDL-c的升高（P〈0.05）.结论 灵芝多糖有较显著的调节血脂的作用.     

丹皮提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及血液流变学的影响

目的探讨丹皮提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢、血液流变学的影响。方法灌服脂肪乳剂建立大鼠高脂血症模型,丹皮提取物按12、6、3 g/kg剂量给大鼠连续灌胃4周后,测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血液流变学指标。结果丹皮提取物能明显降低TC、TG和LDL-C的浓度（P〈0.05）,改善血液流变学相关指标。与氟伐他汀组相比,丹皮提取物在降脂方面稍差（P〈0.05）,但可显著改善高脂血症大鼠的血液流变学相关指标。结论丹皮提取物对高脂血症大鼠具有一定的降脂及改善血液流变学的作用。     

空腹血糖受损人群血液流变学变化特点及临床意义

目的探讨空腹血糖受损人群血液流变学特性及临床意义。方法分别检测正常糖耐量对照者（NGT组）、空腹血糖受损者（IFG组）和糖尿病者（DM组）的血糖，血脂和血液流变学等指标。结果IFG组和DM组的血糖（GLU）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、全血高切粘度（ηbH）、全血中切粘度（ηbM）、全血低切粘度（ηpL）、红细胞压积（HCT）、红细胞刚性指数（ERI）、红细胞聚集指数（EAI）、红细胞变形指数（TK）显著高于NGT组（P〈0．01），高密度脂蛋白胆回醇（HDL-C）显著低于NGT组（P〈0，01）；DM组的GLU、TG、ERI显著高于IFG组（P〈0，01），HDL-C显著低于IFG组（P〈0．01）。三组的血浆粘度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论不仅DM者存在高粘血症．在IFG阶段就已经存在明显血液流变学的改变．血液流变学改变可能参与了糖尿病及其并发症的发生及发展。     

高脂、高胆固醇饮食对喜马拉雅旱獭血脂和血液流变学的影响

目的通过观察高脂、高胆固醇饲料喂养喜马拉雅旱獭模型血脂和血液流变学各指标的变化及其相互关系,了解血脂和血液流变学的改变。方法健康成年喜马拉雅旱獭30只,随机分为对照组15只和实验组15只,对照组给予普通饲料,实验组给予高胆固醇、高脂饲料。在高胆固醇、高脂饲料喂食的第4周、12周检测血浆总胆固醇、总甘油三酯和血液流变学指标。结果与普通组相比,喜马拉雅旱獭血浆胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）水平均明显升高（P〈0．01）,血浆粘度也有明显增加（P〈0．01）,红细胞聚集指数有所增加（P〈0．05）,全血粘稠度、红细胞压积、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞变形指数及红细胞电泳指数则明显降低（P〈0．01）,全血还原粘度亦降低,其中全血还原粘度（中切）降低明显（P〈0．01）。通过Pearson相关性分析,喜马拉雅旱獭血液流变学各项指标与胆固醇浓度无关。其中血浆粘稠度中切ηa60l／s（mPa．s）、血浆粘度和全血还原粘度（低切）与甘油三酯呈负相关;红细胞刚性指数与甘油三酯含量呈正相关。结论高胆固醇、高脂饲料饮食使喜马拉雅旱獭血浆胆固醇（TC）及甘油三酯（TG）水平明显增高,血液流变学存在特有的变化,提示喜马拉雅旱獭可作为高脂血症防治研究中的模型动物。     

丹泽汤对高脂血症大鼠血脂及血液流变学影响的实验研究

目的研究丹泽汤对高脂血症大鼠血脂及血液流变学指标的影响。方法将48只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、非诺贝特组和丹泽组,每组12只,除正常对照组外,其余3组大鼠均予高脂饲料喂养造模。正常对照组及模型组大鼠予生理盐水灌胃,非诺贝特组大鼠予非诺贝特混悬液灌胃,丹泽组大鼠予丹泽汤混悬液灌胃。灌胃4周后各组大鼠均心脏取血,检测大鼠血清血脂水平及血液流变学各项指标。结果与模型组比较,丹泽组大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平显著降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平显著升高,全血黏度（ηb,高切、低切）、血浆黏度（ηp）、红细胞聚集指数（IEA）、红细胞刚性指数（IER）、红细胞压积（HCT）显著降低,红细胞变形指数（IED）显著升高,差异均有统计意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,且丹泽组在改善血液流变学方面作用优于非诺贝特组。结论丹泽汤能有效调节高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢,改善血脂升高引起的血液流变学异常。     

通心调脂胶囊对冠心病合并高脂血症患者血脂和血液流变学的影响

目的研究通心调脂胶囊对冠心病合并高脂血症患者血脂和血液流变学的影响。方法将80例冠心病合并高脂血症患者随机分为治疗组（40例）和对照组（40例）,对两组血脂和血液流变学指标进行比较。结果治疗组血脂总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）明显降低,高密度脂蛋白（HDL—C）明显升高;血液流变学全血黏度高切变率（ηbH）、全血黏度低切变率（ηbL）、血浆比黏度（ηp）、血细胞比容（HCT）、纤维蛋白原（Fib）明显降低。与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论通心调脂胶囊可明显改善冠心病合并高脂血症患者血脂和血液流变学指标,是治疗冠心病合并高脂血症患者的有效药物。     

不同治法方药对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响

目的 观察不同治法方药对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响.方法 以高脂饲料喂养加小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）腹腔注射的方法建立2型糖尿病IR大鼠模型.给予不同治法的方药干预.检测空腹血糖（FPG）、血清胰岛素（Fins）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）,并计算胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）.结果 中药干预Ⅰ方、Ⅱ方均明显降低模型大鼠FPG和Fins水平（P《0.05）,提高ISI（P《0.05）,并使模型大鼠血清TC、LDL-C显著降低（P《0.05）;中药干预Ⅲ方使模型大鼠血清Fins显著降低（P《0.05）.结论 中药干预Ⅰ方（益气养阴化痰活血方）的治疗作用最优.益气养阴化痰活血方（干预Ⅰ方）、益气养阴化痰降浊方（干预Ⅱ方）对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠糖、脂代谢紊乱均有较好的改善作用.     

藏药降糖舒胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂和血液流变学的影响

目的:观察藏药降糖舒胶囊对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂和血液流变学的影响。方法:测定高脂血症大鼠血脂和血液流变学的各项指标。结果:藏药降糖舒胶囊灌胃给药40天后发现该药能明显降低由高脂乳剂所造成的大鼠TC、TG、LDL的水平;血液流变学各项结果显示该药能明显降低高脂血症大鼠高、低切变率下的全血黏度(ηb)、全血还原黏度(ηr)、血浆黏度(ηp)、血细胞比容(HCT)。结论:藏药降糖舒胶囊不仅对高脂血症大鼠的血脂代谢紊乱具有良好的调节作用,而且能改变血液流变学特性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.