碱性成纤维细胞生长因子加速慢性难愈合创面愈合

目的　观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ）对慢性难愈合创面（溃疡）的促修复作用并探讨其促修复机制。方法　２８ 例共３３ 个慢性难愈合创面,其中创伤性溃疡１２ 例（１４ 个创面）,压迫性溃疡 ９ 例（１２ 个创面）,糖尿病溃疡 ４ 例,放射性溃疡 ３ 例。所有创面经清创后用ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ 治疗（１５０ Ｕ／ｃｍ ２ 创面,每天１ 次）。结果　所有经ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ治疗的创面都产生了明显的愈合,其中２ 周内愈合者２０ 个创面,３ 周内愈合者 ３ 个创面,４ 周内愈合者８ 个创面,超过４ 周愈合者２个创面。４ 周内总愈合率为９３．９％ 。结论　ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ可以显著地加速慢性难愈合创面愈合,其可能的机制涉及外源性ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ能够补充内源性ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ 的不足或调控内源性ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ活性。     

短波紫外线治疗老年人慢性难愈合创面的疗效观察及剂量分析

目的：观察短波紫外线（UVC）疗法对老年人慢性难愈合创面的疗效,并初步分析影响其剂量和疗效的相关因素。方法：选择老年慢性难愈合创面患者58例共106个创面,患者年龄73～91岁。紫外线治疗剂量为36～1800mJ／cm^2,每日或隔日1次,直至创面完全上皮化。观察不同部位和不同分期创面的愈合情况和愈合时间,分析UVC治疗剂量和创面部位与创面愈合状态的关系。结果：经UVC治疗后,创面愈合77例,显效25例,无效4例,总有效率96．2％。不同部位创面UVC治疗剂量差异显著,手足区〉肛周会阴区〉头颈区〉四肢区〉躯干区（P〈0．01）;不同部位创面愈合总有效率差异不显著（P=0．4724）,但不同部位治疗次数和创面愈合时间差异显著,肛周会阴区〉躯干区〉手足区〉四肢区〉头颈区（P〈0．01）。在93个压力性溃疡创面中,52个Ⅱ期创面治疗次数[（2．71±0．68）次]及愈合时间[（7．78±2．12）d]均少于41个Ⅲ期创面[分别为（4．09±0．84）次和（13．96±2．38）d],创面愈合率（92．3％）和总有效率（100．0％）也均高于Ⅲ期创面（愈合率为61．0％,总有效率为90．2％,P〈0．01）。结论：UVC治疗老年人慢性难愈合创面疗效显著,病灶部位是影响UVC治疗剂量的重要因素,而病变分期是影响创面愈合效果和时间的主要因素。     

应用肌皮瓣修复前胸壁放射性溃疡

目的总结前胸壁慢性放射性溃疡的临床治疗效果。方法应用肌皮瓣修复前胸壁慢性放射性溃疡22例，手术扩创后用背阔肌肌皮瓣修复15例，胸大肌肌皮瓣修复2例，腹直肌肌皮瓣修复5例。结果移植肌皮瓣全部成活痊愈。溃疡甲级愈合19例、乙级愈合3例。术后随访6个月-3年溃疡无复发，供区无异常。结论应用带血运的肌皮瓣转移修复创面解决了前胸壁区因根治手术或放射所致的血管损伤而引起的创面难愈合问题，能有效改善血液循环，促进创面愈合。     

体表慢性难愈合创面的研究进展

体表慢性难愈合创面（俗称溃疡）,也叫慢性伤口或慢性创面,其定义目前尚未统一界定。国际伤口愈合学会对于慢性创面的定义为：无法通过正常有序而及时的修复过程达到解剖和功能上完整状态的创面。这些创面常常延迟愈合甚至不愈合,存在特定的病因,如糖尿病、缺血、压力等。     

负压封闭引流术在慢性难愈合伤口治疗的应用

探讨负压封闭引流术（vacuum sealing drainage, VSD）治疗慢性难愈合伤口的疗效。方法 分析从2008年6月至2011年2月,应用VSD治疗慢性难愈合伤口患者29例,评价治疗前后的疼痛缓解情况及创面愈合情况。结果 VSD治疗慢性难愈合伤口疼痛缓解明显。23例创面明显改善,换药或植皮愈合,好转4例创腔缩小后行皮瓣转移术,无效2例,有效率为79.3%。结论 VSD治疗慢性难愈合伤口能促进创面愈合,有效缓解患者疼痛,经济实用。     

负压封闭治疗慢性难愈合创面

目的 :评价负压封闭对慢性难愈合创面的治疗效果。方法 :对 2 8例慢性难愈合创面应用负压封闭治疗。结果 :负压治疗后创面清洁迅速 ,5例创面经负压治疗后直接上皮化愈合 ,2 0例创面经植皮愈合 ,3例创面经局部皮瓣转移愈合 ,治愈率 1 0 0 %。结论 :负压封闭技术是一种安全、简便、有效的处理慢性难愈合创面的新方法。     

Hsp90α促进慢性难愈性创面愈合作用研究进展

慢性难愈性创面,简称慢性创面,系指临床治疗4～6周以上的难愈合或不愈合创面。多由静脉曲张、糖尿病、动脉炎、动脉硬化、神经系统疾病及肿瘤等引起。据统计,全世界约有1%的人口被持续性的创面问题所困扰,约5%的医疗费用花费在创面修复上。在美国,每年在慢性糖尿病创面愈合治疗方面的费用已超过250亿美元。而我国,据统计仅糖尿     

基于干细胞的组织工程修复材料促进体表慢性难愈合创面愈合的研究进展

体表慢性难愈合创面的修复是一个复杂的医学问题, 涉及创面愈合的各个阶段。近年来干细胞及组织工程为修复慢性难愈合创面带来了希望。干细胞具有良好的再生能力和旁分泌作用;多种组织工程策略有修复体表慢性难愈合创面的潜力, 还可以提高干细胞的递送效率。该文对慢性难愈合创面的病理特征、用于修复慢性难愈合创面的干细胞、基于干细胞的组织工程创面修复策略等进行综述。     

美皮康银离子敷料联合愈邦抗菌医用敷料治疗深Ⅱ度烫伤创面疗效观察

目的：探讨美皮康银离子敷料联合愈邦抗菌医用敷料治疗深Ⅱ度烫伤创面的临床效果。方法：选取2018年5月-2020年10月笔者医院收治的深Ⅱ度烫伤患者68例,随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组34例。对照组给予磺胺嘧啶银乳膏联合愈邦抗菌医用敷料治疗,观察组给予美皮康银离子敷料联合愈邦抗菌医用敷料治疗。比较两组创面愈合率、创面细菌培养结果、创面渗液与肿胀情况、创面疼痛程度、色素沉着及瘢痕情况。结果：两组治疗后1周、4周创面愈合率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组治疗后2周、3周创面愈合率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组创面愈合时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组治疗后1周、2周创面细菌培养阳性率分别为14.71%、2.94%低于对照组的38.24%、20.59%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组治疗后1周、2周、3周创面渗出情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组治疗后1周、2周、3周创面疼痛视觉模拟评分法（Visual analogue scale,VAS）评分低于对照组,差异有统计学...     

多种生长因子促糖尿病患者难愈合性创面愈合的临床研究

目的　观察多种生长因子治疗糖尿病难愈合性创面的临床效果,并探讨其可能的机制。方法　将７８ 例糖尿病患者分为三组,即生理盐水对照组、表皮细胞生长因子（ Ｅ Ｇ Ｆ）治疗组、血小板源伤口愈合因子（ Ｐ Ｄ Ｗ Ｈ Ｆ）治疗组。观察治疗后１～８ 周创面闭合指数、创面治愈率及组织形态学变化。结果　 Ｅ Ｇ Ｆ组、 Ｐ Ｄ Ｗ Ｈ Ｆ组的创面闭合指数、创面治愈率较对照组明显增加,其肉芽组织毛细血管与成纤维细胞增生、胶原沉积和表皮覆盖明显,尤以溃疡与正常组织交界处明显。组间比较发现, Ｐ Ｄ Ｗ Ｈ Ｆ的促愈合作用优于 Ｅ Ｇ Ｆ。结论　局部应用多种生长因子可治疗糖尿病难愈合性创面,生长因子单独或配伍使用是改善糖尿病患者创面愈合受阻的有效措施。     

应用人工真皮和自体皮移植修复难愈性创面

目的 了解人工真皮联合自体皮移植修复难愈性创面的可行性并评价其治疗效果.方法 选择20例住院患者共25处持续8周以上的难愈性创面,分为慢性溃疡组9例11处创面,为创伤、烧伤后瘢痕溃疡创面;骨外露组11例14处创面,骨外露面积为0.8～77.0 cm~2(最大面积为22.0 cm×3.5 cm).手术方法 为I期扩创移植人工真皮,2～6周后局部血管化良好,外露肌腱和骨质被类真皮组织覆盖,Ⅱ期移植自体薄断层皮片. 结果 慢性溃疡组9例患者的11处创面中,9处愈合优良,2处经换药后愈合.骨外露组11例患者的14处创面中,12处愈合优,外露骨质得到有效覆盖;2处创面因感染人工真皮未成活,随后行皮瓣修复手术.随访5-24个月,未见创面复发,外观满意,无明显增生性瘢痕,供皮区亦无明显瘢痕形成. 结论 人工真皮联合自体皮移植修复难愈性创面,方法 简便、创面愈合质量高、供皮区损失轻微,为难愈性创面的修复提供了新的选择.     

Use of epidermal skin grafts in chronic wounds: a case series

In stalled, chronic wounds, more aggressive and proactive wound closure efforts are needed. We describe adjunctive use of epidermal grafting in patients with chronic wounds. Wound bed preparation consisted of surgical necrotectomy or sharp debridement, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, negative pressure wound therapy, compression therapy, platelet‐rich plasma therapy and/or heparan sulphate agents. Epidermal grafts were harvested from the patient's thigh and applied to the wound. Wound and donor site healing was monitored. A total of 78 patients (average age = 64·1 ± 15·6 years) were included in the study. Common comorbidities included hypertension (47·4%), venous insufficiency (37·2%) and obesity (28·2%). Average wound duration was 13·2 months (range: 0·3–180 months). The most common wound types were dehiscence (29·5%), radiation ulcer (24·4%) and venous ulcer (17·9%). Total time from epidermal grafting to wound closure was 10·0 ± 7·3 weeks. Of the 78 wounds, 66 (84·6%) reached full wound closure (49 < 3 months, 16 > 3 months, 1 without time data). Of 78 wounds, 10 (12·8%) underwent partial wound healing, while 2 wounds (2/78; 2·6%) remained unhealed. These results suggest that wound surface reduction can be achieved by proactive early application of biological therapies and epidermal skin grafts, which may help decrease time to wound healing.     

Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcers Based on Wagner Classification

Diabetic foot ulcer is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. In addition to conventional primary therapy, there are adjuvant therapy methods such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the healing of diabetic foot ulcer wounds. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in diabetic foot ulcers based on Wagner classification. It was performed retrospectively from prospectively collected data. One hundred thirty patients with diabetic foot ulcers were assessed in 2 groups: 1 group received hyperbaric oxygen therapy; the other group did not. Patients were examined according to age, sex, ulcer grade based on Wagner classification; ulcer healing status; whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy was received; duration of diabetes in years; HbA1C, sedimentation, C-reactive protein levels; and presence of accompanying diseases, including peripheral arterial disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy. The mean follow-up period was 19.5?±?4.45 months (range 12 to 28 months). Seventy-one (54.6%) patients received hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and 59 (45.4%) patients did not. All patients in Wagner grade 2 healed in both groups. In the group that received hyperbaric oxygen therapy for grade 3 and 4 patients, 35 (87.5%) and 11 (84.6%) healed, respectively. In total, 60 (84.5%) patients in the group that received hyperbaric oxygen therapy healed. The subgroup comparison conducted according to Wagner classification revealed no differences between the 2 groups of grades 2 and 5 patients. It also revealed that treatment had higher levels of efficacy in the healing of ulcers in grade 3 and 4 patients.     

Effectiveness of an extracellular matrix graft (OASIS Wound Matrix) in the treatment of chronic leg ulcers: a randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Venous leg ulcers are a major cause of morbidity, economic loss, and decreased quality of life in affected patients. Recently, biomaterials derived from natural tissue sources have been used to stimulate wound closure. One such biomaterial obtained from porcine small-intestine submucosa (SIS) has shown promise as an effective treatment to manage full-thickness wounds. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of SIS wound matrix with compression vs compression alone in healing chronic leg ulcers within 12 weeks. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter trial. Patients were 120 patients with at least 1 chronic leg ulcer. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either weekly topical treatment of SIS plus compression therapy (n = 62) or compression therapy alone (n = 58). Ulcer size was determined at enrollment and weekly throughout the treatment. Healing was assessed weekly for up to 12 weeks. Recurrence after 6 months was recorded. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of ulcers healed in each group at 12 weeks. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, 55% of the wounds in the SIS group were healed, as compared with 34% in the standard-care group (P = .0196). None of the healed patients treated with SIS wound matrix and seen for the 6-month follow-up experienced ulcer recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The SIS wound matrix, as an adjunct therapy, significantly improves healing of chronic leg ulcers over compression therapy alone.     

Recent advances on the association of apoptosis in chronic non healing diabetic wound

Generally, wounds are of two categories, such as chronic and acute. Chronic wounds takes time to heal when compared to the acute wounds. Chronic wounds include vasculitis, non healing ulcer, pyoderma gangrenosum, and diseases that cause ischemia. Chronic wounds are rapidly increasing among the elderly population with dysfunctional valves in their lower extremity deep veins, ulcer, neuropathic foot and pressure ulcers. The process of the healing of wounds has several steps with the involvement of immune cells and several other cell types. There are many evidences supporting the hypothesis that apoptosis of immune cells is involved in the wound healing process by ending inflammatory condition. It is also involved in the resolution of various phases of tissue repair. During final steps of wound healing most of the endothelial cells, macrophages and myofibroblasts undergo apoptosis or exit from the wound, leaving a mass that contains few cells and consists mostly of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins to provide strength to the healing tissue. This review discusses the various phases of wound healing both in the chronic and acute wounds especially during diabetes mellitus and thus support the hypothesis that the oxidative stress, apoptosis, connexins and other molecules involved in the regulation of chronic wound healing in diabetes mellitus and gives proper understanding of the mechanisms controlling apoptosis and tissue repair during diabetes and may eventually develop therapeutic modalities to fasten the healing process in diabetic patients.     

The effectiveness of intralesional injection of platelet‐rich plasma in accelerating the healing of chronic ulcers: an experimental and clinical study

The purpose of this prospective experimental and clinical study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the intralesional injection of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), in the management of non‐healing chronic wounds. Skin defects were created in the ears of 20 white New Zealand rabbits. In the study group, autologous PRP was injected intralesionally. The control group was treated conservatively. Nineteen out of 20 cases of the study group healed within a mean time of 24·9 days. In the control group, seven defects healed within a mean period of 26·7 days, seven ulcers did not heal at day 28 and in six cases a full thickness ear defect was recorded. For a 3‐year period, 26 patients with chronic ulcers underwent surgical debridement and intralesional injection of PRP. A histological study was performed before and 7 days after PRP injection. Ten patients healed within a mean period of 7 weeks. In 16 cases, PRP prepared the wound bed for the final and simpler reconstructive procedure. Intralesional injection is a newly described method for application of PRP and represents an effective therapeutic option when dealing with non‐healing wounds.     

High probability of healing without amputation of plantar forefoot ulcers in patients with diabetes

Diabetic foot ulcer is an important entity which in many cases is the first serious complication in diabetes. Although a plantar forefoot location is common, there are few studies on larger cohorts and in such studies there is often a combination of various types of ulcer and ulcer locations. The purpose of this study is to discern the outcome of plantar forefoot ulcers and their specific characteristics in a large cohort. All patients (n = 770), presenting with a plantar forefoot ulcer at a multidisciplinary diabetes foot clinic from January 1, 1983 to December 31, 2012 were considered for the study. Seven hundred one patients (median age 67 [22–95]) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were followed according to a preset protocol until final outcome (healing or death). Severe peripheral vascular disease was present in 26% of the patients and 14% had evidence of deep infection upon arrival at the foot clinic. Fifty‐five percent (385/701) of the patients healed without foot surgery, 25% (173/701) healed after major debridement, 9% (60/701) healed after minor or major amputation and 12% (83/701) died unhealed. Median healing time was 17 weeks. An ulcer classified as Wagner grade 1 or 2 at inclusion and independent living were factors associated with a higher healing rate. Seventy‐nine percent of 701 patients with diabetes and a plantar forefoot ulcer treated at a multidisciplinary diabetes foot clinic healed without amputation. For one third some form of foot surgery was needed to achieve healing.     

多发性压力性溃疡的外科治疗

目的 总结多发性压力性溃疡的治疗经验. 方法 2001年1月-2007年5月,笔者应用多种皮瓣转移联合皮肤移植治疗21例患者的56处压力性溃疡创面,其中骶尾部21处、坐骨结节14处、股骨大转子部13处、其他部位8处.围手术期行全身支持治疗,尽早清创,依据扩创后创面大小、深度、部位及邻近皮肤软组织条件,选用皮瓣、肌皮瓣或游离植皮修复创面.术后对伤口行连续灌洗与负压吸引,卧翻身床定期翻身. 结果 25处创面以筋膜皮瓣或肌皮瓣修复,愈合率为92%;13处创面以邻近局部皮瓣修复,愈合率为85%;8处创面直接缝合,其中6处一次性愈合;10处创面游离植皮,其中7处一次性愈合.在延期愈合的创面中,4处经再次清创缝合或植皮愈合,4处经短期换药愈合,1例遗留慢性窦道.随访6个月时,3例患者复发压力性溃疡. 结论加强围手术期全身支持治疗,合理、有效地利用臀部及其周围健康组织形成多个筋膜皮瓣或肌皮瓣同时修复多个创面,术后对伤口行连续灌洗与负压吸引,采用翻身床定期翻身等等,是多发性压力性溃疡手术成功的有效措施.