临床护理专家课程设置的研究进展

临床护理专家（clinical nurse specialist,CNS）的产生应归结于医疗保健的发展和对临床护士专业化的要求。在1900年．护理权威Katherine DeWitt首次提出“护理专家”（nursing specialist）,并指出护理专家的出现是现代文明和科学要求护理工作进一步完善的结果。1938年．美国纽约的Columbia大学教师学院第1次阐明了CNS这一术语、     

Administrative preparation of clinical nurse specialists

A study is reported in which the authors examined the administrative preparation needs of a sample of 46 graduates of a clinical nurse specialist program who were surveyed 3 to 5 years after graduation. The study focused on three areas: current administrative responsibilities, administrative content in the graduate curriculum, and respondents' future goals for involvement in administration. Findings showed that the respondents' highest levels of current participation were in planning and policy functions (51 per cent) with a low overall involvement in other administrative functions. Eighty-five per cent of graduates felt that the master's degree nursing program should have allowed for more content in administration. A majority (54 per cent) had enhanced their skills in administration on the job or through continuing education. Twenty-five per cent planned a career focus on administration within 5 years. Study implications concerning future curricular priorities and pathways are discussed.     

Enhancing clinical effectiveness among clinical nurse specialists

This article describes the findings of an exploratory study which aimed to discover how clinically effective nursing care is fostered among clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) in an NHS trust in East London. The study was funded by the Central and East London Education Consortium in January 1999. Qualitative approaches included non-participant observation of practice, interviews during observaton and focus group meetings, Findings from the research identify areas that both foster and hinder the ability of the CNSs and NPs to engage in and provide clinically effective nursing care.     

Productivity measurement for clinical nurse specialists

The clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) at an 814-bed tertiary care center have collaborated to develop a method for measuring and evaluating productivity of the CNS role. This method, which uses the CIPP Evaluation Model as a framework, parallels the nursing process and is outcome oriented. The applicability of this method to other fixed positions may be of interest to nursing managers and administrators.     

临床护理专家的发展及现状

临床护理专家是指在某专科或专病具有较高水平的护理人才，其主要角色功能包括临床实践、护理研究、护理教学、护理会诊以及护理管理五大基本职能和社会心理治疗以及高级医疗、护理技能等方面的特殊职能。为了适应患者、患者家属、医疗机构及社区需求的复杂性和变化性，临床护理专家与护理开业者的角色进行合并是未来发展的必然趋势。本文综述了临床护理专家的发展现状，包括含义、分类、职能、管理、教育以及认证等，并对其发展趋势进行展望。     

军队医院专科护士的培养与管理

目的探讨军队医院专科护士培养模式与管理方法。方法分析专科护士的发展现状,结合军队医院专科护士的特点提出其培养模式和管理方法。结果军队医院专科护士的培养和管理方法包括拓宽培训渠道,利用军队文职人员政策引进地方专科护士的培养方法和途径,以及建立管理架构、工作评价制度和个人档案,设立岗位津贴和专项奖励制度等。结论加强专科护士的使用与管理,可有效提升军队专科护士的质量,发挥专科护士作用,进一步提高军队医院护理队伍的人才建设。     

专科护士的发展与展望

目的描述专科护士(CNS)的发展,进一步明确护理向专业化发展的方向。方法对专科护士的概念、作用、教育、培训、资格认证及CNS面临的问题与展望作了介绍和分析。结果专科护士是护理领域具有高水平和专长的临床护理专家。专科护士在促进健康,提高护理质量,推动护理事业发展等方面发挥积极作用。结论我国应尽快建立和发展专科护士。在发展专科护士过中要充分考虑管理、教育、培训与研究等问题。