鼓室成形术治疗慢性中耳炎75例临床分析

目的探讨鼓室成形术治疗慢性中耳炎的方法及疗效。方法对75例（81耳）慢性中耳炎患者施行鼓室成形术治疗,其中鼓室成形术I型45例（50耳）,开放式乳突根治加鼓室成形术Ⅱ型6例（6耳）,开放式乳突根治加鼓室成形术Ⅲ型24例（25耳）。结果手术总成功率为90.12%,总干耳率91.36%,术后听力明显提高（P〈0.01）,总有效率为91.36%。结论正确选择手术适应证、熟练掌握各型鼓室成形术是获得良好疗效的关键。     

开放式乳突根治鼓室成形术86例远期疗效分析

目的探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎（胆脂瘤型和／或骨疡型）手术的远期疗效。方法总结2001年1月～2004年1月，经3年以上随访的86例开放式乳突根治加Ⅰ期鼓室成形术病例，分析其优、缺点及远期疗效。结果开放式乳突根治鼓室成形术远期听力较术前听力气导提高17dB，远期复发率为4．7％。结论开放式乳突根治鼓室成形术远期疗效较好，复发率低，值得临床合理选择应用。     

慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓室成形术式选择及临床疗效分析

目的：总结慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓室成形术式选择经验并评估术后疗效。方法收集慢性化脓性中耳炎患者病历,患者的手术方式主要依据其听力功能检查、残余鼓膜及鼓室表现、乳突CT表现进行选择,部分患者需通过术中鼓室探查后方能决定手术方式。最后收集到病历资料及随访内容完整者共161例（164耳）,其中单纯鼓室成形Ⅰ型（40耳）、完桥式乳突切开＋鼓室成形Ⅰ型（30耳）、开放式乳突切开＋鼓室成形Ⅱ型（94耳）,从听力、生存质量及手术满意度评分等方面评价不同手术方式治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎的疗效。结果3组患者术后气导听阈平均值均较术前降低（P＜0．05）,骨导听阈平均值皆无明显变化（P＞0．05）;比较3组患者术后气导改善值,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;3种术式术后主观听力提高率分别为82．5％、70．0％和83．0％,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。术后整体生存质量提高率分别为80．0％、80．0％和79．8％,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;对病情的担心程度降低率分别为90．0％、93．3％和95．7％,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;基本满意以上所占比例分别为100．0％、100．0％和97．9％,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论对于适合行鼓室成形术的慢性化脓性中耳炎患者,手术方式主要根据其听力、耳镜、乳突CT及术中所见进行选择;从患者术后听力及生存质量等方面评价,3种鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎均取得满意疗效。     

开放式乳突根治术并鼓室成形120耳

目的：观察非良性型中耳炎施行乳突根治的同时，重建中耳传音结构(即鼓室成形术)的手术疗效。方法：采用耳内切口及耳岬腔成形对120耳骨疡型及胆脂瘤型慢性化脓性中耳炎病人施行乳突根治术，同时进行Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型鼓室成形术。术后1个月必须按期到医院复查，平均随访时间3．6年。结果：120耳中踟耳在2个月后干耳，30耳在3个月后干耳，10耳仍有间断性流脓。110耳术后0．5l％，1KH2和2KH2纯音平均听阈提高15dB，10耳听力同术前无改变。结论：此手术能彻底清除病灶，使术腔永远经外耳道向外开放，且可经常检查并清理术腔，是一种安全的术式。     

开放式乳突根治并鼓室成形术的临床观察

目的探讨开放式乳突根治并鼓室成形术的手术方式和疗效。方法总结32例2005年至2008年胆脂瘤型中耳炎行开放式乳突根治并鼓室成形术,经2年以上随访,分析手术方法疗效及并发症。结果术后全部干耳,听力提高10～20dB21耳,0～10dB6耳,更差5耳,听力提高10dB以上为有效,听力提高有效率为65.6%（21/32）。5例术后1周出现面瘫,经治疗1～3个月后恢复。结论胆脂瘤型中耳炎选择性的进行开放式乳突根治并鼓室成形术,可以获得干耳和保存或提高听力的临床效果。     

慢性化脓性中耳炎80例手术疗效分析

目的 探讨治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎的有效手术方式.方法 回顾性分析80例慢性化脓性中耳炎手术病例的临床资料及随访结果.结果 80例中行开放式乳突改良根治+鼓室成形术59例,闭合式乳突改良根治+鼓室成形术12例,上鼓室、鼓窦开放+鼓室成形术6例,单纯Ⅰ型鼓室成型术3例.30例行乳突腔骨粉填塞.随访3月～3年,干耳者78例(97.5%).骨粉填塞组和闭合式手术组干耳时间短于未填塞组(P<0.05).65例术后6～12月复查听力,语言频率气导提高10～30 dB者39例,占60%.3例术后骨导听力下降并有高频气导听阈明显下降.术后鼓膜穿孔5例,2例外耳道口狭窄,无颅内外并发症.结论 慢性中耳炎应根据病变选择不同的手术方式,以提高疗效,减少复发率及并发症.     

乳突根治＋开放式鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎的临床体会

目的：研究分析乳突根治＋开放式鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎的临床治疗效果。方法：选取我院于2011年8月-2012年12月收治的46例（50耳）胆脂瘤中耳炎患者,给予患者乳突根治＋开放式鼓室成形术治疗,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：50耳术后平均1～3个月可见患者为干耳,无眩晕和面瘫出现,术后6个月,可见0．5～4kHz纯音气导平均听阈为（39．83±6．23）dB HL ,听力提高了21～30dB 8耳（16．0％）,提高11～20dB 27耳（54.0％）,提高0～10dB 7耳（14．0％）,无变化8耳（16．0％）。结论：采用乳突根治＋开放式鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎,可有效治疗患者中耳炎,改善患者听力水平,值得在临床医学中推广使用。     

自体乳突皮质骨粉在开放式鼓室成形术中的应用

目的探讨自体乳突皮质骨粉在开放式鼓室成形术中的应用。方法42例慢性化脓性中耳炎患者行开放式鼓室成形术，术中应用自体乳突骨皮质粉及纤维蛋白原凝血酶粘合剂充填上鼓室，乳突尖和术腔凹凸不平骨坑，骨粉表面覆盖筋膜，粘合剂固定。结果全部患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合，术后无眩晕，面瘫，耳呜等并发症，干耳率为90．48％（38／42）。结论自体乳突皮质骨粉是良好的修复材料，有利于干耳及减少并发症的发生。     

乳突根治加鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性及胆脂瘤型中耳炎的疗效分析

目的：研究乳突根治加鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性及胆脂瘤型中耳炎的疗效。方法整群选取该院耳鼻喉科2012年4月—2015年2月收治的慢性化脓性中耳炎及胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者154例,随机分为对照组和治疗组（n=77）,对照组行乳突根治术,治疗组行乳突根治加鼓室成形术。术后随访6个月,观察患者恢复情况。结果术后患者在3个月内全部干耳,术后6个月测得患者听力,治疗组听力提高15 dB以上的有74例,听力改善率为96.10%。鼓膜成活70例,成活率90.91%,听力提高比例和鼓膜成活比例均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论在慢性化脓性及胆脂瘤型中耳炎的临床治疗中采用乳突根治加鼓室成形术,可以获得较好的治疗效果,有效保留中耳解剖结构,恢复其功能。     

乳突根治加鼓室成形术治疗慢性中耳炎

目的探讨慢性中耳炎患者采用乳突根治加鼓室成形术治疗的手术效果及对术后鼓膜穿孔感染、术后干耳情况的影响。方法选取2012年12月～2018年1月我院收治的200例慢性中耳炎患者为研究对象,根据手术方式不同分为对照组和综合组,每组100例。对照组采用乳突根治疗术,综合组采用乳突根治加鼓室成形术治疗。观察两组患者听力水平变化情况、临床疗效、术后鼓膜穿孔感染率、术后鼓膜成活情况及术后干耳情况。结果治疗后综合组气导听阀水平和气骨导差均低于对照组(P0.05);综合组干耳率、总有效率和鼓膜成活率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论给予慢性中耳炎患者采用乳突根治加鼓室成形术治疗,具有良好的治疗效果,能有效提高患者听力水平和术后干耳率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.