低温等离子治疗舌扁桃体肥大所致的咽异感症

目的：探讨鼻内镜辅助下等离子射频消融术治疗舌扁桃体肥大所致的咽异感症的临床疗效。方法：应用30。鼻内镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗307例舌扁桃体肥大患者,观察术区创面生长情况、术后疼痛、术中术后出血情况及术后疗效。结果：咽部异物感主观症状VAS评分从术前的（9．3±0．6）分降至术后的（3．7±2．4）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。本组患者治愈率为84．4％,显效率为6．8％,有效率为4．6％,总有效率为95．8％。术后30~45d自膜脱落,无明显疼痛。术中平均出血量为（5．2±2．4）m1;术后11例（3．6％）患者继发出血;随访6～36个月无复发。结论：鼻内镜辅助下等离子射频消融术治疗舌扁桃体肥大所致的咽异感症是一种寄仝右杆的治疗青法．值得临床r椎广     

低温等离子刀切除舌根增生性肿物40例报告

目的 探讨低温等离子刀切除舌根增生性肿物的效果。 方法 选取应用低温等离子刀舌根良性增生性肿物切除术40例,分别对患者术前及术后2周、术后6个月的咽部异物感、吞咽梗阻感、咽部疼痛感等主观症状应用VAS量表评分。 结果 所有患者术中仅少量出血或无出血,术后创面无出血。术前患者咽部异物感、吞咽阻挡感、咽部疼痛感等主观症状VAS评分为(38.8±5.94)分,术后2周患者VAS评分为(7.50±2.96)分,差异有统计学意义。6个月随访,舌根部创面光滑,无复发。患者咽部异物感、吞咽阻挡感、咽部疼痛感等主观症状VAS评分为(7.25±2.67)分,与术后2周VAS评分差异无统计学意义。 结论 低温等离子刀治疗舌根增生性肿物疗效显著,具有出血量少、术后疼痛轻、术后并发症少等优点。     

CO_2激光联合等离子射频消融术治疗早期声门型喉癌临床观察

目的探讨CO2激光联合等离子射频消融术治疗早期声门型喉癌的方法及疗效。方法利用CO2激光联合等离子射频消融术治疗26例无淋巴结转移的早期声门型喉癌（Tis-T1）,其中Tis 8例,T1a11例,T1b7例。结果 CO2激光联合等离子射频消融术手术时间短,术中出血量少,瘤体切除彻底,均未行管切开,术后反应轻微,无并发症出现。所有患者术后随访9个月至3年,未见肿瘤复发。结论 CO2激光联合等离子射频消融术可以微创、有效的治疗早期声门型喉癌。     

舌根隧道法射频损伤的三维重建研究

目的：研究舌根隧道法射频治疗中舌根不同部位损伤体积,探讨其治疗的安全性。方法：18个新鲜离体猪舌随机分成6个组,每组3只。参照Powell等介绍方法在猪舌根选取6个射频操作点。用低温等离子射频发生仪进行猪舌根射频操作,取能级6。作用时间10。作用后的舌根组织块进行连续冷冻切片,间隔200μm保留切片1张,苏木精伊红染色后,进行序列组织切片的全貌二维图像采集,对损伤区域进行图像分割,提取。将提取分割图像导入IPS图像处理软件,进行损伤区域的三维重建及体积计算。结果：各作用点体积分别为（359．5±5．6）mm^2、（364．3±7．0）mm^2、（363．7±7．2）mm^2、（354．1±11．8）mm^2、（349．4±17．2）mm^2、（353．5±7．9）mm^2,舌根各作用点射频损伤体积差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：在舌根隧道法射频治疗中,相同作用能级和作用时间下不同作用点损伤体积一致。低温等离子射频治疗系统作用能量集中,舌根区域损伤范围局限,在舌根区域操作具有较高的安全性。     

悬雍垂腭咽成形术失败再次手术治疗的研究

目的：通过对悬雍垂腭咽成形术（UPPP）治疗失败的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者施行再次手术,探讨UPPP失败再次治疗的手术方式。方法：回顾性分析15例UPPP治疗失败的OSAHS患者的诊治过程,分析并针对具体初次手术失败的原因,采用改良半导体激光或等离子射频辅助下的腭咽成形术、软腭切开前移术等术式结合舌及软腭等离子射频消融术进行再次治疗。1年后随访及进行PSG等检查。结果：术后1年复查,AHI值由（38．56±11．23）次／h降低至（4．87±1．59）次jh,差异有统计学意义（t=13．15,P〈0．01）。最低血氧饱和度由术前的（61.5±8．5）％升高至术后的（79．9±9．7）％,差异有统计学意义（t=10．2,P〈0．01）。一次性治愈率为93％（14／15）．总有效率为100％（15／15）。无手术并发症发生。结论：术前对患者阻塞原因及部位判断不明确,手术方式选择不当,手术方案单一,手术技术不成熟及术中操作粗暴等为UPPP失败的常见原因,针对不同的病例制定个体化的手术方案,等离子射频等技术可弥补UPPP的不足且可使UPPP更微创、简便易行。     

显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿舌根囊肿疗效观察

目的观察显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿舌根囊肿的临床疗效。方法采用显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术对本科2011年1月～2016年6月收治的21例新生儿舌根囊肿患儿进行治疗,观察患儿预后,并进行随访。结果21例新生儿囊肿均完全切除,患儿无明显咽痛、出血等并发症,吸奶、舌根运动及发音功能不受影响。随访6个月至3年,无一例复发,治愈率100%。结论显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿舌根囊肿具有创伤小、术后并发症少和复发率低的优点,值得临床推广应用。     

鼻声反射和鼻阻力检查在鼻内镜下低温等离子射频消融术疗效评价中的临床意义

目的：探讨鼻声反射和鼻阻力（NR）检查作为鼻通气功能的客观检查方法,在鼻内镜下低温等离子射频消融术疗效评价中的临床意义。方法：应用鼻声反射仪和鼻阻力计对以持续性鼻阻塞为主要症状,经正规药物治疗后效果不明显或无效的106例（治疗组）中重度慢性鼻炎患者,于鼻内镜下低温等离子射频消融术前及术后6个月,分别在鼻黏膜收缩前和收缩后,进行鼻声反射及NR检查,记录NR、鼻腔最小横截面积（NMCA）、鼻腔最小横截面积距前鼻孔的距离（DCAN）、鼻腔平均横截面积（MNCA）及鼻腔容积（NCV）。另以36例健康人作为对照组,同样在鼻黏膜收缩前和收缩后,进行鼻声反射及NR检查,应用SAS6．12软件对2组数据进行统计学分析。结合患者的主观症状及视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分,对低温等离子射频消融术疗效进行评价。结果：术前治疗组NR明显高于对照组,NMCA明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。低温等离子射频消融术后治疗组有效率为100％,术后VAS评分均较术前降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。治疗组术后NR较术前明显降低,NMCA较术前明显增大,差异有统计学意义（P％0．01）。同组内鼻黏膜收缩前和收缩后,NR和NMCA差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗组术后NR和NMCA与对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：鼻内镜下低温等离子射频消融术对于中重度慢性鼻炎患者鼻通气功能的改善有显著疗效,鼻声反射和NR检杏能客观准确地评价低温等离子射频消融术的疗效。     

低温等离子射频消融术治疗舌根囊肿的初步研究

目的:探讨低温等离子射频消融术治疗舌根囊肿的可行性。方法:在全身麻醉气管内插管的条件下采用低温等离子射频消融术对14例舌根囊肿患者进行治疗,记录手术时间、出血量以及并发症,并进行随访。结果:14例患者囊肿均完全切除,其中12例患者在全身麻醉下进行了一次性治疗,2例患者在局部麻醉下进行了第2次手术。手术时间5～10min,术中出血1～5ml。术毕常规拔除气管导管,无气管切开患者。咽部异物感VAS评分由术前的83.1±11.2降至术后10.3±3.6,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者无明显咽痛、出血或呼吸困难等并发症,语音和舌根运动功能不受影响。随访7个月～3年,仅1例术后半年复发,治愈率为92.9%(13/14)。结论:低温等离子射频消融术治疗舌根囊肿具有创伤小、术后并发症少和复发率低的优点,为临床提供了一种新的治疗手段。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征舌根等离子射频消融术的并发症

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者舌根等离子射频消融术并发症的原因及防治措施.方法 2008年3月至2009年12月经多道睡眠监测确诊的OSAHS患者行舌根等离子射频消融术193例,观察并分析其术中及术后出血、感染、舌根血肿、脓肿、疼痛、味觉改变、舌麻木感、舌体运动障碍、言语及吞咽功能障碍发生情况及处理措施.结果 术中未见并发症.术后疼痛186例(96.4%),颌下水肿155例(80.3%),继发性出血1例(0.5%),夜间猝死1例(0.5%),无舌黏膜溃疡、味觉改变、舌麻木感、舌根血肿、舌根脓肿、伸舌偏斜、言语及吞咽功能障碍.患者术后疼痛为轻中度,双氯芬酸钠栓可以起到良好的镇痛效果.继发性出血患者的出血量少,对症处理后未再发出血.夜间猝死1例发生在术后37 h,可能是术后局部水肿、疼痛加重睡眠呼吸暂停及夜间低氧血症,诱发心律失常而导致猝死.结论 舌根等离子射频消融术并发症多表现为疼痛、水肿等轻微反应,通过术后使用抗生素、激素及止痛药物可以有效控制.但是对于合并心肺疾病的重度OSAHS患者而言,舌根等离子射频消融术可诱发心源性猝死,应引起高度警惕.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征舌根等离子射频消融术的并发症

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者舌根等离子射频消融术并发症的原因及防治措施.方法 2008年3月至2009年12月经多道睡眠监测确诊的OSAHS患者行舌根等离子射频消融术193例,观察并分析其术中及术后出血、感染、舌根血肿、脓肿、疼痛、味觉改变、舌麻木感、舌体运动障碍、言语及吞咽功能障碍发生情况及处理措施.结果 术中未见并发症.术后疼痛186例(96.4%),颌下水肿155例(80.3%),继发性出血1例(0.5%),夜间猝死1例(0.5%),无舌黏膜溃疡、味觉改变、舌麻木感、舌根血肿、舌根脓肿、伸舌偏斜、言语及吞咽功能障碍.患者术后疼痛为轻中度,双氯芬酸钠栓可以起到良好的镇痛效果.继发性出血患者的出血量少,对症处理后未再发出血.夜间猝死1例发生在术后37 h,可能是术后局部水肿、疼痛加重睡眠呼吸暂停及夜间低氧血症,诱发心律失常而导致猝死.结论 舌根等离子射频消融术并发症多表现为疼痛、水肿等轻微反应,通过术后使用抗生素、激素及止痛药物可以有效控制.但是对于合并心肺疾病的重度OSAHS患者而言,舌根等离子射频消融术可诱发心源性猝死,应引起高度警惕.     

Submucosal minimally invasive lingual excision: an effective, novel surgery for pediatric tongue base reduction

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop an effective single intraoral, minimally invasive technique to reduce the enlarged tongue base in children with obstructive macroglossia. METHODS: We present the anatomic dissection of fresh cadavers and a representative case series of children who underwent submucosal minimally invasive lingual excision (SMILE) with a plasma-mediated radiofrequency device (coblation) under intraoral ultrasonic and endoscopic guidance. Multiple anatomic dissections determined the relative location of the hypoglossal nerve and lingual neurovascular bundle in relation to removable tongue base musculature. A pediatric case series demonstrates the straightforward SMILE technique. RESULTS: Laboratory anatomic dissection and clinical lingual ultrasonography revealed the surgical safety borders for SMILE. The surgical safety and efficacy of SMILE is demonstrated by preoperative and postoperative clinical examinations and polysomnograms in children with obstructive macroglossia (such as Beckwith-Wiedemann and Down syndromes and tongue vascular malformation). Coblation submucosally removes excessive tongue base tissue through a small anterior tongue incision. SMILE was performed without excessive pain, bleeding, edema, infection, or tongue dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: SMILE is an effective novel operation that incorporates coblation with ultrasonography and endoscopic guidance for children who need tongue base reduction. Anatomic dissection and clinical cases demonstrate the potential for aggressive yet relatively safe tissue removal by this minimally invasive technique. SMILE also has significant potential for adults with obstructive sleep apnea due to a large tongue base.     

Coblation-assisted lingual tonsillectomy for dysphagia secondary to tongue base hypertrophy

OBJECTIVES: Lingual tonsillar hypertrophy is an underappreciated cause of dysphagia and is believed to impede swallowing function by inhibition of laryngeal elevation and epiglottic inversion due to mechanical interference by bulky tongue base tissue. We present a case of severe dysphagia secondary to idiopathic tongue base hypertrophy that was treated with coblation lingual tonsillectomy and tongue base reduction. METHODS: We report a case and discuss the relevant literature regarding tongue base hypertrophy and surgical interventions to treat the enlarged base of the tongue. RESULTS: Symptoms of dysphagia and globus sensation and signs of decreased epiglottic inversion and laryngeal penetration improved markedly after surgical reduction of hypertrophied lingual tonsillar tissue using coblation. Preoperative and postoperative clinical imaging and radiographs are presented to show the reduction of tongue base size, correlated with the patient's improved clinical function. CONCLUSIONS: Coblation-assisted lingual tonsillectomy and tongue base reduction can successfully treat dysphagia secondary to tongue base hypertrophy.     

Post‐operative pain following coblation or monopolar electrocautery tonsillectomy in children: a prospective,single‐blinded,randomised comparison

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2011, 36 , 468–474 Objective: To compare post‐operative pain following tonsillectomy by either coblation or monopolar electrocautery in children. Design: A parallel‐designed, prospective, single‐blinded, randomised trial. Setting: Ambulatory surgical facility. Study participants: Eighty otherwise healthy paediatric patients undergoing coblation or electrocautery tonsillectomy by a fellowship‐trained paediatric otolaryngologist. Main outcome measures: (i) The number of post‐operative days with severe pain based on subjective qualification by the caretaker, (ii) post‐operative days with pain rated ≥5 on a scale of 1–10, (iii) post‐operative days requiring oral paracetamol/acetaminophen with codeine solution and (iv) post‐operative days until resumption of a regular diet were assessed and recorded daily using a post‐operative pain survey as a form of daily diary that was returned at the 2‐week follow‐up visit. Results: Patients were consecutively enrolled into two groups of 40 patients. Average ages were 5.2 years for coblation tonsillectomy and 6.0 years for electrocautery tonsillectomy. The average number of post‐operative days with severe pain was 4.2 for coblation and 5.9 for electrocautery (P = 0.006), days rating pain ≥5 were 3.6 for coblation and 4.8 for electrocautery (P = 0.037), days of codeine use were 2.5 for coblation and 2.9 for electrocautery (P = 0.324), and days until resumption of a regular diet were 5.2 for coblation and 6.2 for electrocautery (0.329). Conclusions: Coblation tonsillectomy may reduce post‐operative pain and the time until resumption of a regular diet compared to electrocautery tonsillectomy.     

等离子扁桃体切除术与常规剥离法扁桃体切除术之比较

目的:比较等离子扁桃体切除术与常规剥离法扁桃体切除术对患者术中、术后的影响。方法:随机将56例患者分为等离子组和对照组,等离子组用低温等离子射频消融系统连接EVac70刀头,能量设置为6,切除扁桃体;对照组则采用常规剥离法扁桃体切除术,手术均由同一术者完成。记录两侧扁桃体切除所需时间和出血量;术后第1天至第10天患者每日记录咽部疼痛情况,恢复正常活动时间和正常饮食时间;术后第10天,医师观察并记录扁桃体窝内的白膜状况。结果:等离子组手术时间比对照组短,术中总出血量<10ml,而对照组平均出血量为(119±43)ml;等离子组患者术后疼痛轻于对照组,且比对照组更早恢复正常饮食;2组患者恢复正常活动时间的差异无统计学意义;等离子组较对照组白膜脱落慢。等离子组有1例患者于术后第7天口咽部有活动性出血,需缝扎止血。结论:等离子扁桃体切除术与剥离法相比,患者术后疼痛明显减轻,出血量极少,手术方法容易掌握,但扁桃体窝愈合的时间较长。     

Coblation versus unipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy: a prospective, randomized, single-blind study in adult patients

OBJECTIVES: To determine if the coblation tonsillectomy (subcapsular dissection) results in less postoperative pain, equivalent intraoperative blood loss, equivalent postoperative hemorrhage rates, and faster healing compared with tonsillectomy was performed using unipolar electrocautery in adult patients. STUDY DESIGN: The authors conducted a prospective clinical trial. METHODS: Forty-eight patients underwent tonsillectomy and were randomly assigned to have one tonsil removed with coblation and the other with unipolar electrocautery. Outcome measures included time to remove each tonsil, intraoperative blood loss, patient-reported pain, postoperative hemorrhage, and amount of healing 2 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Mean time to remove a single tonsil with coblation and electrocautery was 8.22 minutes and 6.33 minutes, respectively (P = .011). Mean intraoperative blood loss for each technique was less than 10 mL. Postoperative pain was significantly less with coblation as compared with electrocautery: 18.6% less painful during the first week of recovery. Seventy percent of blinded patients identified the coblation side as less painful during the overall 14-day convalescent period. Postoperative hemorrhage rates (2.1% for coblation and 6.2% for electrocautery) were not significantly different. No difference in tonsillar fossa healing was observed between the two techniques 2 weeks after surgery. During nine of the 48 surgeries, wires on the tip of the coblation handpiece experienced thinning to the point of discontinuity while removing a single tonsil. CONCLUSIONS: Coblation subcapsular tonsillectomy was less painful than electrocautery tonsillectomy in this 48-patient group. On average, intraoperative blood loss was less than 10 mL for both techniques. Postoperative hemorrhage rates and the degree of tonsillar fossa healing were similar between the two techniques. The coblation handpiece experienced degradation of vital wires in 18% of cases necessitating the use of a second, new handpiece.     

Paediatric coblation tonsillectomy.

OBJECTIVE: Tonsillectomy has been described using a number of techniques. Recently Coblation Technology has been used to remove tonsils with anecdotal evidence of a reduction in post-operative morbidity. In this study we aim to see if there is any difference in post-operative pain, tonsillar fossae healing and return to a normal diet performing tonsillectomy, using tissue coblation compared with standard bipolar dissection. METHODS: A double blind randomised control trial to compare the technique of tissue coblation with standard bipolar dissection to remove tonsils in 38 children on the waiting list for tonsillectomy, with a history of chronic tonsillitis or obstructive tonsils. RESULTS: A significant reduction in post-operative pain was found in the children whose tonsils were removed by tissue coblation (P<0.0001). More rapid healing of the tonsillar fossae was found in the coblation group. Children who had their tonsils removed by coblation were found to return to their normal diet far sooner than those who underwent bipolar dissection. There were no episodes of primary or secondary haemorrhage in either group. CONCLUSIONS: This new technique using tissue coblation for tonsil removal offers significant advantages in the post-operative period, with rapid return to a normal diet and a drastic reduction in analgesic requirements following the surgery.     

等离子辅助悬雍垂腭咽成形术联合舌打孔术治疗重度OSAHS

目的:探讨应用等离子辅助下的悬雍垂腭咽成形术(CAUPPP)联合舌打孔术(CCT)治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效。方法:回顾性分析我科经手术治疗的重度OSAHS患者296例。术前经PSG监测:AHI≥40,LSaO2≤80%。患者均行CAUPPP联合CCT术,行CAUPPP以减容软腭,行CCT以减容舌。术后分别于6个月、12个月随访行PSG监测。结果:患者主观症状较术前明显改善,软腭功能良好,无明显鼻咽反流出现。术后与术前比较AHI值下降(P<0.01),且LSaO2升高(P<0.01)。术后有效率为91.7%。结论:重度OSAHS患者常存在多平面狭窄,CAUPPP联合CCT是一种治疗重度OSAHS的有效手术方法,具有出血少、创伤小和保留正常软腭功能等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

等离子下鼻甲部分消融术与吸切钻下鼻甲部分切除术

目的比较等离子下鼻甲部分消融术与吸切钻下鼻甲部分切除术对慢性肥厚性鼻炎患者术中、术后的影响。方法等离子组患者25例,对照组14例。等离子组用低温等离子射频消融系统连接45号刀头,行下鼻甲前、后部中隔侧的4～6通道消融。对照组用吸切钻自前向后切割下鼻甲肥厚黏膜,术后需填塞止血2日。术后患者对疼痛和鼻堵程度采用VAS评分。术前、术后1个月、3个月、6个月均由医师对每侧下鼻甲进行评分,由患者评估鼻堵程度和频度。结果等离子组术中出血较对照组明显减少,术后疼痛和鼻堵程度较轻。术后1个月等离子组和对照组的鼻堵程度、鼻堵频度和下鼻甲体积较术前均有明显改善,二者改善的程度无明显差别。术后3个月两种术式均疗效稳定且等离子组鼻堵频度进一步改善。术后6个月两种术式疗效依然稳定。结论等离子下鼻甲部分消融术创伤小,术中、术后出血少,痛苦小;术后1个月患者主观症状与客观体征均有明显改善;术后3个月患者主观症状进一步改善;术后6个月内疗效均稳定且与吸切钻下鼻甲部分切除术疗效相当。     

A pilot randomized controlled trial of coblation tonsillectomy versus dissection tonsillectomy with bipolar diathermy haemostasis.

OBJECTIVES: To compare postoperative recovery in children between 4 and 12 years undergoing tonsillectomy, using either coblation tonsillectomy or dissection tonsillectomy with bipolar diathermy haemostasis. DESIGN: A prospective, single blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING: ENT clinic, University Teaching Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Forty paediatric patients, aged between 4 and 12 years and between 16 and 60 kg in weight with standard indication for tonsillectomy. METHODS: Patients were randomly allocated to either coblation tonsillectomy or dissection tonsillectomy groups. Patients, parents, and nurses were blinded for operation method. Parents were asked to fill out a postoperative diary from 1 to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were scored for postoperative pain, nutrition, activity, and use of analgetics for each of the 10 postoperative days. Secondary outcomes were estimated from the nurses' postoperative data and 10-day follow-up statistics regarding crossing of the two-score limit. RESULTS: The groups were statistically comparable by age, weight and operation type. There was no significant difference in operation time in two groups. Intra-operative bleeding was significantly less in the coblation group. Statistically significant differences between dissection tonsillectomy and coblation tonsillectomy were found in the day when a score of two of five was passed in pain scores (9.6 versus 6.2), nutrition scores (8.9 versus 6.6), activity score (8.4 versus 6.6) and medicine intake (9.4 versus 6.4), We found parallelism, between regression lines, that indicates better postoperative life quality for the coblation tonsillectomy group and approximately 2 days' shorter recovery time. CONCLUSION: In our pilot study, patients undergoing coblation tonsillectomy reported less pain, quicker return to normal diet, quicker return to normal activity, and less use of analgetics over a 10-day period than patients undergoing dissection tonsillectomy. Our results indicate that the recovery period for coblation tonsillectomy was approximately 2 days shorter and demonstrated less morbidity.