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1.
Mark A. Roe Rachel Collings Jurian Hoogewerff Susan J. Fairweather-Tait 《European journal of nutrition》2009,48(2):115-119
Background
Food iron fortification is a sustainable and relatively simple strategy to reduce/prevent iron deficiency but is a challenge for the food industry because of possible adverse organoleptic changes caused by the added iron. A micronized dispersible ferric pyrophosphate, trademarked as SunActive Fe®, has recently been developed. SunActive Fe® has a small particle size, is water soluble and may be suitable for fortifying liquid products.Aim of the study
To determine the relative bioavailability of SunActive Fe® and its suitability for addition to pure apple juice.Methods
Iron absorption from SunActive Fe® added to pure apple juice (Minute Maid®) was compared with absorption from ferrous sulphate, a highly bioavailable form of iron, in 15 women with relatively low iron stores. Both forms of iron were enriched with an iron stable isotope and iron absorption from the apple juice drinks was calculated from the isotopic enrichment of red blood cells 14 days after the last test meal.Results
Although mean absorption of iron from SunActive Fe® was significantly lower than from ferrous sulphate (5.5% compared with 9.1%), the mean bioavailability of SunActive Fe® iron relative to ferrous sulphate was 0.6, indicating that it is a good source of bioavailable iron. Iron Absorption from SunActive Fe® was positively correlated (r = 0.97, P = 0.01) with absorption from ferrous sulphate, and negatively correlated with serum ferritin concentration (ferrous sulphate r = ?0.81, P < 0.001; SunActive Fe® r = ?0.76, P = 0.01).Conclusions
SunActive Fe® was well absorbed from apple juice and is a potentially useful fortificant for liquid food products.2.
Jazmin A. Reyes-Portillo Erica M. Chin Josefina Toso-Salman J. Blake Turner David Vawdrey Laura Mufson 《Child & youth care forum》2018,47(3):391-402
Background
No study to date has examined the effectiveness of integrating clinical decision support tools, like electronic health record (EHR) alerts, into the clinical care of youth at-risk for suicide.Objective
This study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of using an EHR alert to increase clinicians’ use of safety planning with youth at-risk for suicide in an outpatient pediatric psychiatry clinic serving an urban low-income Latino community.Methods
An alert intervention was developed to remind clinicians to complete a safety plan whenever they documented that their patient endorsed suicidal ideation, plan, or attempt during a visit in EHR notes. The alert appeared as a separate window containing a reminder message to complete a safety plan once a clinician finished visit documentation.Results
There were 69 at-risk patients between the ages of 13–21 in the intervention period (M = 15.71; SD = 1.86; 66.7% female) and 64 (M = 15.38; SD = 1.93; 68.6% female) in the control period. Logistic regression analyses indicated that patients in the intervention period were significantly more likely than patients in the control period to receive a safety plan (p < .01). The pattern of results remained the same after adjusting for demographic variables (p = .01). Forty clinicians also completed a questionnaire assessing their satisfaction with the EHR alert, indicating moderate satisfaction (M = 3.01; SD = 0.63; range = 1.11–4.11).Conclusions
EHR alerts are associated with changes in clinicians’ behavior and improved compliance with best clinical practices for at-risk youth.3.
Correlation of emotional labor and cortisol concentration in hair among female kindergarten teachers
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to explore whether two types of emotional labor, surface acting and deep acting, are related to hair cortisol concentration among kindergarten teachers.Methods
Surface acting and deep acting over the last month were measured with the Chinese version of the emotional labor scale in 43 kindergarten teachers. Hair samples with 1 cm in length were cut from their posterior vertex region to represent cortisol excretion over one month. Cortisol concentrations were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.Results
Positive association of emotion labor with hair cortisol concentration was significant for surface acting (r = 0.34, p < 0.05) and not significant for deep acting (r = 0.14, p > 0.05).Conclusions
More surface acting showed to be associated stronger with stress responses or higher HPA axis activity.4.
Purpose
Alcoholic liver disease or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are well-known risk factors for liver fibrosis or cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; it is a major global health concern, but there are few effective and safe management options. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of fermented garlic extracts (FGEs) on hepatic function in adults with mild hepatic dysfunction without underlying hepatic disease.Methods
In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, seventy-five adults with elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels were included in a FGE-administered group (n = 36) or a placebo group (n = 39), and received either two sachets/day containing FGEs or placebo over a 12-week period. Primary endpoint was the change in serum GGT levels. Data were analysed using a generalized linear mixed effects model.Results
Significant group × time interactions for serum levels of GGT (F = 3.98, P = 0.022) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; F = 3.28, P = 0.043) were observed with an improvement in levels of GGT (P = 0.066) and ALT (P = 0.014) in the FGE group compared to that reported for the placebo group at the 12-week visits. There was no intergroup difference in the prevalence of adverse events.Conclusions
Intake of FGEs improved serum GGT and ALT levels in adults with mildly elevated serum GGT level without reported adverse side effects. FGEs might be effective and safe management options for mild hepatic dysfunction.5.
Iana T. Parente Zaira R. Lima Luzia Hermínia Teixeira Mario R. Lisboa Iracema M. de Melo Paulo Roberto Santos Paula Goes 《Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften》2018,26(1):75-80
Aim
To perform a comprehensive analysis of the association between periodontal status and end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESCKD).Subjects and methods
Forty-five ESCKD and 26 healthy patients were clinically evaluated. The visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and community periodontal index were obtained from all patients. In addition, the association among gingivitis, increased probing depth, clinical attachment loss and edentulism with ESCKD was statistically assessed (chi-square test, p < 0.05). An additional Student’s t-test (p < 0.05) was performed to evaluate the differences in VPI and GBI between both groups of patients.Results
ESCKD was strongly associated with gingivitis (p = 0.002, OR = 8.76, 95% CI = 1.84-41.71), increased probing depth (p < 0.001, OR = 17.44, 95% CI = 4.14-72.33), clinical attachment loss (p < 0.001, OR = 5.59, 95% CI = 3.00-10.41) and edentulism (p = 0.013, OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.14-3.35). Moreover, patients with ESCKD had increased VPI and GBI (p < 0.05) compared to healthy individuals.Conclusion
Within the limits of this study, it was concluded that ESCKD patients showed greater plaque accumulation and a higher risk of presenting periodontal diseases compared to healthy subjects.6.
Purpose
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is considered an important measure of treatment and rehabilitation outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In this study, we used multivariate regression analysis to examine the role of cognitive appraisals, adjusted for clinical, socioeconomic and demographic variables, as correlates of HRQoL in MS.Methods
The cross-sectional study included 257 MS patients, who completed Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Treatment Beliefs Scale, Actually Received Support Scale (a part of Berlin Social Support Scale) and Socioeconomic Resources Scale. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were collected with a self-report survey. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between the variables.Results
Five variables, illness identity (β = 0.29, p ≤ 0.001), self-esteem (β = ?0.22, p ≤ 0.001), general self-efficacy (β = ?0.21, p ≤ 0.001), disability subgroup “EDSS” (β = 0.14, p = 0.006) and age (β = 0.12, p = 0.012), were significant correlates of HRQoL in MS. These variables explained 46 % of variance in the dependent variable. Moreover, we identified correlates of physical and psychological dimensions of HRQoL.Conclusions
Cognitive appraisals, such as general self-efficacy, self-esteem and illness perception, are more salient correlates of HRQoL than social support, socioeconomic resources and clinical characteristics, such as type and duration of MS. Therefore, interventions aimed at cognitive appraisals may also improve HRQoL of MS patients.7.
Purpose
Caffeine-containing energy drinks (EDs) are currently used as ergogenic aids to improve physical performance in a wide variety of sport disciplines. However, the outcomes of previous investigations on this topic are inconclusive due to methodological differences, especially, in the dosage of the active ingredients and the test used to assess performance.Methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to evaluate the effects of acute ED intake on physical performance. The search for references was conducted in the databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and SPORTDiscus until December 2015.Results
Thirty-four studies published between 1998 and 2015 were included in the analysis. Using a random-effects model, effect sizes (ES) were calculated as the standardized mean difference. Overall, ED ingestion improved physical performance in muscle strength and endurance (ES = 0.49; p < 0.001), endurance exercise tests (ES = 0.53; p < 0.001), jumping (ES = 0.29; p = 0.01) and sport-specific actions (ES = 0.51; p < 0.001), but not in sprinting (ES = 0.14; p = 0.06). The meta-regression demonstrated a significant association between taurine dosage (mg) and performance (slope = 0.0001; p = 0.04), but not between caffeine dosage (mg) and performance (slope = 0.0009; p = 0.21).Conclusion
ED ingestion improved performance in muscle strength and endurance, endurance exercise tests, jumping and sport-specific actions. However, the improvement in performance was associated with taurine dosage.8.
Veljko Jovanović 《Quality of life research》2016,25(12):3173-3180
Purpose
The validity of the life satisfaction measures commonly used among adults has been rarely examined in adolescent samples. The present research had two main goals: (1) to evaluate the structural validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) among adolescents and to test measurement invariance across gender; (2) to compare the criterion and convergent validity of the SWLS and single-item life satisfaction measures among adolescents.Methods
Three samples of Serbian adolescents were recruited for the present research. Study 1 (N = 481, M age = 17.01 years) examined the structure of the SWLS via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and evaluated measurement invariance of the SWLS across gender by a multi-group CFA. Study 2 (N = 283, M age = 17.34 years) and Study 3 (N = 220, M age = 16.73 years) compared the convergent validity of the SWLS and single-item life satisfaction measures.Results
The results of Study 1 supported the original one-factor model of the SWLS among adolescents and provided evidence for strong measurement invariance of the SWLS across gender. The findings of Study 2 and Study 3 showed that the SWLS and single-item measures were equally valid and strongly associated (r = .734 in Study 2 and r = .668 in Study 3). No substantial differences in correlations with school success and well-being indicators were found between the SWLS and single-item measures.Conclusions
Our findings support the use of the SWLS among adolescents and indicate that single-item life satisfaction measures perform as well as the SWLS in adolescent samples.9.
Mustafa Turgut Yıldızgören Türkan Nadir Öziş Ali Erdem Baki Engin Tutkun Hınç Yılmaz Tülay Tiftik Timur Ekiz Neşe Özgirgin 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2016,21(3):149-153
Objective
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in patients with silica exposure.Materials and methods
The study included 104 male subjects with silica exposure and 36 healthy subjects. Posterior–anterior radiographs were classified according to the International Labour Office (ILO) Classification. Category 0 patients were classified as Group I (n = 54), category I patients were classified as Group II (n = 25), Category II and III patients were classified as Group III (n = 25).Results
Femoral neck BMD values were significantly lower in Group III (p = 0.007). Lumbar vertebrae BMD values were significantly lower in all groups with silica exposure than in the control group (p = 0.000). The osteoporosis rate was significantly higher in Group III (p = 0.000). Subjects with silica exposure were determined to have diminished 25(OH)D levels (p = 0.012).Conclusion
The results of this study demonstrated that subjects with silica exposure have diminished BMD and 25(OH)D levels.10.
Purpose
Revealing the relationship between mobility impairment and life satisfaction can help to propose effective interventions to secure mobility and life satisfaction. However, the relationship remains unclear and lacks quantitative evidence in China. This study therefore assesses the association of mobility impairment, social engagement, and life satisfaction among the older population in China.Methods
Based on the sample of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey database in 2013, a structural equation modeling is established. The sample size is 4245 with 55.9% with mobility impairment.Results
The model shows that the length of suffering from disability is significantly related to mobility impairment (β = 0.058, p < 0.001). Mobility impairment is inversely related to social engagement (β = ?0.300, p < 0.001) and life satisfaction (β = ?0.311, p < 0.001). Social engagement is positively related to life satisfaction (β = 0.211, p < 0.001). Moreover, the relationships have some differences for the seniors with different sociodemographic characteristics and living in different residential areas.Conclusions
As seniors get older, they tend to have more severe mobility impairment and participate less in social activities. Those with higher mobility impairment are more likely to report lower life satisfaction partly because they usually participate less in social activities. Different strategies are suggested to be adopted to improve the life satisfaction of the older population from the aspects of promoting mobility and social engagement, including improving the design of transport facilitates, providing assistive facilities for the seniors with severe mobility impairment, promoting the accessibility of community leisure and healthcare services, and constructing more community senior activity centers.11.
Purpose
Work-related factors are one of the known risk factors for depression. Given that the ability to work is considered an important aspect of well-being and health status, we investigated the association between the loss of work ability and depression. We further examined the association stratified by employment status.Methods
We used data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study. The dependent variable of the present study was depression, which is measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Work ability transition from the previous year was divided into three categories: maintained, loss, and complete loss. A linear mixed-effects model was performed for the analysis.Results
The work ability loss group (β = 2.071, p < 0.0002) and the work ability completely loss group (β = 2.651, p = 0.015) had higher depression scores compared to those who maintained their work ability from the previous year. Specifically, those who lost their work ability and their job (β = 3.685, p = 0.0068) had the highest depression scores compared to those who maintained their work ability and job.Conclusions
We found that those who lost their ability to work may be at risk of depression, and this finding was particularly prominent among those who also became unemployed. Therefore, psychological support is needed for these individuals to overcome the negative influence of the loss of work ability.12.
Purpose
The aim of the study was to investigate whether perceived family functioning of adolescent is moderating or mediating the longitudinal association of adolescent internalizing and externalizing psychopathology with quality of life (QoL) after 6 months in the general population.Methods
Using a cluster sampling technique in one Norwegian county 1331, 10- to 16-year-old students were included in the study (51 % girls). Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist for the assessment of adolescent psychopathology at Time 1. The students completed the General Functioning Scale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device and the Inventory of Life Quality in Children and Adolescents at time 2 6 months later. Psychopathology, family functioning and QoL were treated as latent variables in a structural equation model adjusted for sex, age and parent education.Results
The regression coefficients for paths from psychopathology decreased (β = .199 for the internalizing and β = .102 for the externalizing model) in each case when including the indirect path via family functioning compared with the direct path from psychopathology to QoL. The sum of indirect effects on QoL via family functioning was significant for internalizing β = 0.093 (95 % CI 0.054–0.133) and externalizing β = 0.119 (95 % CI 0.076–0.162) psychopathology.Conclusions
Family functioning significantly mediated the longitudinal association between psychopathology and QoL. Because the family remains an important social domain for adolescents, it must be an important consideration when attempting to reduce or alleviate psychopathology in youth and improve the quality of their life experience throughout this period.13.
Objective
Children with life-threatening medical conditions frequently undergo invasive medical procedures that may elicit anxiety and distress. However, there are few empirically validated interventions that reduce mental health symptoms and increase the resilience of children during the acute stages of illness. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Make a Wish intervention for children with life-threatening cancer.Methods
The design was a wait-list-controlled trial with two parallel groups. Sixty-six children aged 5–12 with an initial diagnosis of life-threatening cancer were identified and randomly assigned to the Make a Wish intervention (n = 32) or a wait-list control group (n = 34). Children completed measures of psychiatric and health-related symptoms, positive and negative affect, hope, and optimism pre-intervention and post-intervention. After baseline data collection, children were interviewed and made an authentic wish that they wanted to come true. These wishes were made possible 5–6 months after baseline data collection, to fuel anticipation and excitement over the wish-fulfillment event. The post-intervention assessment point was 5 weeks after wish fulfillment (approximately 7 months after baseline data collection).Results
Children in the intervention group exhibited a significant reduction in general distress (d = 0.54), depression (d = 0.70), and anxiety symptoms (d = 0.41), improved health-related quality of life (d = 0.59), hope (d = 0.71), and positive affect (d = 0.80) compared to decrease in positive affect and no significant changes in the other measures in the control group.Conclusions
These findings emphasize the role of hope and positive emotions in fostering the well-being of children who suffer from serious illnesses.14.
Haruo Nakatsuka Keiko Chiba Takao Watanabe Hideyuki Sawatari Takako Seki 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2016,21(6):523-530
Objectives
Iodine intake by adults in farming districts in Northeastern Japan was evaluated by two methods: (1) government-approved food composition tables based calculation and (2) instrumental measurement. The correlation between these two values and a regression model for the calibration of calculated values was presented.Methods
Iodine intake was calculated, using the values in the Japan Standard Tables of Food Composition (FCT), through the analysis of duplicate samples of complete 24-h food consumption for 90 adult subjects. In cases where the value for iodine content was not available in the FCT, it was assumed to be zero for that food item (calculated values). Iodine content was also measured by ICP-MS (measured values).Results
Calculated and measured values rendered geometric means (GM) of 336 and 279 μg/day, respectively. There was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference between calculated and measured values. The correlation coefficient was 0.646 (p < 0.05).Discussion
With this high correlation coefficient, a simple regression line can be applied to estimate measured value from calculated value. A survey of the literature suggests that the values in this study were similar to values that have been reported to date for Japan, and higher than those for other countries in Asia.Conclusions
Iodine intake of Japanese adults was 336 μg/day (GM, calculated) and 279 μg/day (GM, measured). Both values correlated so well, with a correlation coefficient of 0.646, that a regression model (Y = 130.8 + 1.9479X, where X and Y are measured and calculated values, respectively) could be used to calibrate calculated values.15.
Guillaume Lamirault Elodie de Bock Véronique Sébille Béatrice Delasalle Jérôme Roncalli Sophie Susen Christophe Piot Jean-Noël Trochu Emmanuel Teiger Yannick Neuder Thierry Le Tourneau Alain Manrique Jean-Benoît Hardouin Patricia Lemarchand 《Quality of life research》2017,26(1):121-125
Purpose
Cardiac cell therapy is a promising treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), leading to cardiac function improvement. However, whether it translates into quality of life (QoL) improvement is unclear. We hypothesized that administration of bone marrow cells (BMC) to patients with AMI improves QoL.Methods
In the multicenter BONAMI trial (NCT00200707), patients with reperfused AMI and decreased myocardial viability were randomized to intracoronary autologous BMC infusion (n = 52) or state-of-the-art therapy (n = 49). QoL data, derived from the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MLHFQ), were obtained 1, 3, and 12 months after AMI and analyzed using a Rasch-family model.Results
Using this model, QoL improved over time in the BMC group (p = 0.025) but not in the control group. Furthermore, the BMC-group patients displayed a better QoL than the control-group patients at 3 and 12 months post-AMI (p = 0.034 and p = 0.003, respectively). These findings were not detected when analyzing MLHFQ data using a standard method. Cardiac function, myocardial viability, mortality, and number of major adverse cardiac events did not differ between treatment groups.Conclusion
Our results suggest that BMC therapy can improve QoL, stressing the need for confirmation trials and for systematic QoL assessment in cardiac cell therapy trials .16.
Lin Xiao Yulin Gao Lili Zhang Peiyun Chen Xiaojia Sun Siyuan Tang 《Quality of life research》2016,25(11):2825-2832
Background
It is well known that the antipsychotic drugs impact the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the bipolar patients. The side effects had been assessed only from the doctors’ perspective and neglected the patients’ subjective feeling. The aim of the study is to validate the specific instrument “tolerability and quality of life” (TOOL) into Chinese to describe and grade the impact of antipsychotic drugs on HRQoL from patients’ view.Methods
A psychometric study was conducted with euthymic bipolar disorder patients (N = 105) under antipsychotic treatment. The psychometric properties of the TOOL, including internal consistency, retest reliability, concurrent validity, content validity, discriminative validity, item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and feasibility, were analyzed.Results
The internal consistency and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were adequate (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.80 and ICC = 0.81). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) validated the one-factor model. Significant Spearman’s rank correlations between the TOOL and both Bref QoL.BD (Brief version of Quality of Life in Bipolar Disorder) (r = ?0.33, P < 0.01) and UKU (Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser side effects scale) (r = 0.13, P < 0.05) were found.Limitations
Small sample size and no specific self-report instrument in Chinese to evaluate the criterion validity.Conclusions
TOOL appears to be a reliable and valid measure to assess the impact of adverse events of antipsychotic drugs on HRQoL from the patients’ perspective.17.
Objective
The present study investigated the reinforcing value of healthy and unhealthy snack food in adolescents (n = 108, aged 14–16 years). Moderation by access to different foods, sex and the personality trait reward sensitivity is tested.Methods
In a computerized Food Reinforcement Task, adolescents could earn portions of a healthy and an unhealthy snack following an identical progressive reinforcement schedule for both food types. Reinforcing value of food was indexed by the number of button presses for each food type. Participants were allocated randomly to two-order condition: fruit–snack versus snack–fruit. Reward sensitivity was assessed with the Dutch age-downward version of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scale.Results
Results showed that the reinforcing value of an unhealthy snack is higher than that of fruit, with participants making more button presses for unhealthy snacks, M = 1280.40, SD = 1203.53, than for fruit, M = 488.04, SD = 401.45, F(1,48) = 25.37, p < 0.001. This effect is stronger in boys (β = ?1367.67) than in girls (β = ?548.61). The effect is only present in the snack–fruit condition, not in the fruit–snack condition, indicating that access to food moderates the effect of food type. There is no evidence for moderation by reward sensitivity.Conclusions
Results point to the importance of simultaneously increasing barriers to obtain unhealthy food and promoting access to healthy food in order to facilitate healthy food choices.18.
Emese Herédi Fanni Rencz Orsolya Balogh László Gulácsi Krisztina Herszényi Péter Holló Hajnalka Jókai Sarolta Kárpáti Márta Péntek Éva Remenyik Andrea Szegedi Valentin Brodszky 《The European journal of health economics》2014,15(1):111-119
Background
There is a growing interest in policy making for using utility measures and identifying algorithms to convert disease-specific measures into utilities.Objectives
To analyse the relationship between EQ-5D, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) in psoriasis. To transform DLQI scores, and key clinical, demographic and health service utilisation variables into utilities.Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 200 consecutive adult patients with moderate to severe psoriasis was carried out in two Hungarian university clinics. The relationship between the outcome measures were analysed with correlations and with the known-groups method. Bivariate and multivariate regression algorithms on EQ-5D scores were formulated.Results
The mean age of respondents was 51 years (SD = 12.9), 68.5 % were male, and 51.5 % received biological therapy. Median EQ-5D, DLQI, and PASI scores were 0.73, 3.0, and 3.45, respectively. EQ-5D showed a moderate correlation with the DLQI and with the PASI (r s = ?0.48 and ?0.43, p < 0.05). Strong correlation was found between DLQI and PASI (r s = 0.81, p < 0.05). DLQI and PASI discriminated better among groups categorised by the localisation of the lesions than EQ-5D. Presence of psoriasis on the neck and/or décolletage was associated with the greatest health related quality of life (HRQOL) impairment. Ten variables were incorporated in a multivariate algorithm that accounted for 48.8 % of EQ-5D variance (ANOVA p < 0.001).Conclusions
This study provided the first evidence that patients with visible psoriatic lesions have significantly worse HRQOL compared to those with non-visible lesions, measured not only with DLQI but also with EQ-5D. In addition to demographic and clinical variables, our model included health service utilisation variables related to psoriasis, and explained higher proportion of EQ-5D variance than any previous findings in the literature.19.
Background
Increased immigration requires successful interaction of different cultures in various life domains, such as health. This study investigates acculturation orientation (AO) of immigrant patients and doctors native to the country, as a potential factor related to perceived medical advice adherence.Data and methods
N = 171 immigrant patients (M = 54.38 years, SD = 17.94, range = 23–96, 74.3 % female) and their N = 12 doctors (M = 38.88 years, SD = 13.42, range = 27–66, 83 % female) from a hospital in Montreal, Canada, participated in a paper-based survey to assess AOs, patients’ perceived expectations of their doctor (regarding adopting the new culture or keeping their previous culture), doctors’ actual expectations, perceived quality of care and perceived adherence.Results
AO of patients significantly related to perceived adherence, via a path model involving perceptions of doctors’ expectations and perceived quality of care. Integration was positively related to perceived adherence, while Marginalization was negatively related to it. Doctors’ AOs were not significant.Conclusion
Patient perceptions seem to be a significant factor to be considered when striving to improve immigrant medical advice adherence.20.