内镜下减血手术治疗鼻科疾病的可行性探讨

目的：探讨内镜下减血手术治疗鼻科疾病的可行性。方法：对53例(86侧)鼻科疾病患者，以双极射频探头凝固消融病变组织和所需切除部位组织边缘，以减少术中出血，对渗、出血部位凝固止血。结果：37例(69.8％)患者术后鼻腔无需填塞止血，术中出血量平均为39．67ml。结论：内镜下减血手术治疗鼻科疾病，术中平均出血量较常规内镜下手术出血量明显减少。     

Study on endoscopic sinus surgery management of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps

Endoscopic sinus surgery is commonly used to treat chronic sinusitis. Subjects were 79 chronic sinusitis patients--50 men and 29 women aged 17 to 79 years (average: 50.6 years) undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery in our department from January 1993 to December 1997. Mean follow-up was 17.5 months. We evaluated preoperative staging of chronic sinusitis based on Kennedy staging. Most were stage 3. This type of staging was not effective in predicting nasal polyp relapse. We found that cases with diffuse polyposis and associated disease such as bronchial asthma or aspirin-induced asthma tended to experience a polyp relapse. Our results suggest that postoperative treatment is important in maintaining patency of the ostiomeatal complex, nasal polyp or edematous mucosa relapse must be treated early in on in occurrence.     

Endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis: a comparative study

Nasal polyposis are common presentations in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis and are considered to be associated with more severe forms of disease with poor treatment outcome. The presentation and treatment outcome after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis have been analysed in this study. A prospective analysis of 90 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis who were classified into two groups depending on presence and absence of nasal polyps was performed in the study. The two groups were evaluated using subjective (patient complaints) and objective (computed tomography scan and endoscopy scores) criteria. Preoperative data were compared with data obtained 12?months post endoscopic sinus surgery. The study included 38 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis and 52 patients of nasal polyps. The patients of nasal polyp group presented with increased severity of symptoms of nasal blockage, nasal discharge and reduced sense of smell as compared to the chronic rhinosinusitis group who had significantly higher presentation of headache and facial pain. The preoperative CT scan revealed significantly higher bilateral disease with increased involvement of multiple sinuses in nasal polyp group. Post endoscopic sinus surgery both the groups showed significant improvement in their symptoms with the nasal polyp group demonstrating reduction in improvement on 1?year follow up. In our study we have found the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp have varied severity of symptoms with the nasal polyp group having higher nasal symptoms and increased severity as compared to chronic rhinosinusitis group. Though the universal rationale of management by adequate drainage and ventilation of sinus is similar in both groups, there is a reduction in both objective and subjective scores during 1?year follow up in the nasal polyp group.     

阿奇霉素对慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者术腔黏膜上皮化的影响

目的：观察阿奇霉素对慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者术后术腔黏膜上皮化的影响。方法：随访59例行鼻内镜手术的慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者，患者术后均用布地奈德喷鼻，1月后头孢菌素组37例加用头孢丙烯500?mg，口服，每日1次，共3周；阿奇霉素组22例加用阿奇霉素500?mg，口服，每日1次，共3周；观察2组术腔黏膜上皮化的情况和时间。结果：随访6个月，头孢菌素组28例上皮化，9例在随访期间未上皮化；阿奇霉素组22例均上皮化，两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.573，P=0.033)。头孢菌素组22～126?d黏膜上皮化，平均(51.143±27.655?)d，阿奇霉素组11～83?d上皮化，平均(33.046±18.874)?d，两组差异有统计学意义(t=2.624，P=0.006)。结论：阿奇霉素治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉术后术腔黏膜慢性炎症、促进术腔黏膜上皮化有良好的疗效，可作为患者术后治疗的一种选择。     

功能性内镜鼻窦术后应用氨溴索疗效观察

目的 探讨慢性鼻窦炎功能性鼻内镜患者术后口服氨溴索区别于氨溴索冲洗鼻腔的疗效及应用价值。方法 将192例鼻窦炎患者随机分为4组,治疗一组48例采用术后口服氨溴索治疗,治疗二组48例采用氨溴索行鼻内镜术后鼻腔冲洗,治疗三组48例患者采用联合治疗方法,对照组48例无特殊治疗方案。随访6个月,观察比较四组疗效及术后术腔上皮化时间。结果 治疗组疗效均优于对照组。联合治疗三组疗效均优于单一治疗组（P<0.05）。结论 功能性鼻内镜患者术后口服氨溴索及氨溴索鼻腔冲洗联合治疗具有减轻术腔水肿、缩短术腔上皮化时间,促进术腔愈合及无副作用的优点。     

鼻窦球囊扩张术治疗慢性上颌窦炎的非随机对照前瞻性临床研究

目的 评价鼻窦球囊扩张术与传统鼻内镜鼻窦开放术治疗慢性上颌窦炎的临床疗效、安全性及患者接受程度的差异。方法 将50例慢性上颌窦炎患者随机均分入两组,其中A组25例行鼻窦球囊扩张术,B组25例行鼻内镜下上颌窦开放术。术后随访12个月,评价临床疗效、安全性、患者手术舒适度。结果 术后检查及随访期间,A组脱落病例2例,B组脱落病例3例,共对45例患者进行评价。45例患者症状均明显改善,术后鼻内镜检查A组开放的33个窦口中有30个窦口开放、黏膜恢复良好,1个窦口狭窄,2个窦口周围黏膜水肿;B组开放的32个窦口中,27个开放完好,2个窦口狭窄,3个窦口黏膜水肿。两组患者术后均无视力改变、眼部肿胀及脑脊液鼻漏等其他并发症发生。A组与B组术后3个月、随访结束（术后12个月）SNOT-20评分以及CT评分均无统计学差异;术后3个月、随访结束后（术后12个月）Lund -Kennedy内镜黏膜形态评分得分以及手术舒适度评分（出院当天）A组明显优于B组（P<0.05）。结论 鼻窦球囊扩张术与传统内镜在治疗慢性上颌窦炎方面均具有较好的临床疗效及安全性,但在术后远期黏膜恢复及手术舒适度方面,鼻窦球囊扩张术明显优于传统鼻内镜手术,值得临床推广及应用。     

慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉鼻内镜术后术腔干预时机及频度的探讨

目的：探讨慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉鼻内镜术后不同干预时机及频度对术腔恢复的影响。方法：将80例2型3期慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者随机分成A、B2组,A组首次术腔清理时间在术后1周,频度为前2个月每周1次,第3、4个月2周1次,第5个月后每月复查清理1次;B组首次术腔清理时间在术后2周,频度为前2个月每2周1次,第3个月后每月1次,6个月后每2个月1次。并记录术后3、6、12个月中鼻道黏液纤毛系统输送速率、术后3个月的上皮化率及术后12个月的有效率。结果：将两组术后3、6、12个月的中鼻道黏液纤毛系统输送速率,术后3个月的上皮化率及术后12个月的有效率进行统计学处理,差异均无统计学意义。结论：适当延长清理时间,降低干预频度,不会影响手术效果。     

老年人慢性鼻窦炎的鼻内镜手术治疗

目的:探讨鼻内镜手术治疗老年患者鼻息肉、慢性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法:对45例(76侧)≥65岁老年鼻息肉、慢性耳窦炎患者行鼻内镜手术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:术后随访1年以上,总有效率93.3％(42/45),其中治愈率66.7％(30/45),好转率26.6％(12/45)。结论:鼻内镜手术同样适合于老年患者,可望提高老年患者的生存质量。     

复发性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的鼻内窥镜手术

目的 :探讨提高Ⅲ型鼻窦炎鼻息肉术后疗效、减少并发症的鼻内窥镜处理方法。方法 :对 2 80例Ⅲ型鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者施行鼻内窥镜手术。结果 :术后 6个月总有效率为 85 .7% ,其中治愈率 5 8.2 % ,好转率2 7.5 % ;术后 1年总有效率为 81.4 % ,其中治愈率 5 4 .6 % ,好转率 2 6 .8%。并发症发生率为 8.9%。结论 :选择正确的手术方法、术前术后综合治疗、术者良好的鼻窦解剖知识以及熟练的手术操作是提高术后疗效、降低并发症的主要措施     

影像导航下鼻内镜手术58例临床分析

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the availability and our experience of intraoperative image-guidance in endoscopic nasal surgery. METHODS: Fifty-eight cases of endoscopic nasal surgery with intraoperative image-guidance were retrospectively reviewed, including 39 cases of chronic sinusitis with or without nasal polyp; 3 cases of necrotizing maxillary sinusitis; 6 cases of sphenoid sinus cyst; 2 cases of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma; 1 case of cranio-nasal meningioma; 1 case of traumatic cerebrospinal rhinorrhea; 1 case of traumatic optic nerve lesion. All patients were operated on with Brain Lab operation imaging navigation system and nasal endoscope. RESULTS: The preoperative preparatory time would take 10-20 minutes, including coordination, head holder localization, conventional instrument registration. In our cases, the localization accuracy between 3-D image landmarks of navigation system and actual anatomical landmarks was less than 1.5 mm. The optic nerve and other anatomical points could be orientated accurately in intraoperative procedures. No complication occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Nasal endoscope combined with image-guidance systems provides accurate anatomical localization of nasal cavity, sinuses and anterior skull base with enlarged operation field. It is possible for surgeons to observe the surrounding important anatomical structures during endoscopic nasal surgery. It could increase the effectiveness and decrease surgical complications, especially in complicated cases.