囊膜破裂的外伤性白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术

目的探讨囊膜破裂的外伤性白内障摘出Ⅰ期人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效及安全性。方法术中利用粘弹剂配合玻璃体切除术，对３５眼囊膜已破裂的外伤性白内障，进行手术摘出及Ⅰ期人工晶状体植入术。结果术后矫正视力≥０．５者３０眼，占８５．７％；０．１～０．４者４眼，占１１．４３％；０．１以下者１眼，占２．８％．未见任何严重手术并发症发生。结论由于显微手术的开展，粘弹剂及玻璃体切除术的应用，复杂的囊膜破裂的外伤性白内障摘出Ⅰ期人工晶状体植入术已变得安全、有效。     

儿童外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术探讨

目的 探讨儿童外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入的手术时机、方法和人工晶状体的选择。方法 对６２例６４眼儿童外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术进行回顾性分析。结果 术前视力〈０．０５者占９６．６％,术后占６．８％;视力≥０．３者术前无,术后占７２．９％,矫正后占８１．４％;视力≥０．８者术后占２５．４％,矫正后占３９．０％。结论 儿童外伤性白内障应植入人工晶状体且时间宜早,外伤使眼部条件差需妥善手术,人工晶状体     

后囊破裂的外伤性白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入的临床观察

目的 探讨后囊破裂的外伤性白内障的手术时机和技巧。方法 对２８例（２８眼）后囊破裂的外伤性白内障施行巩膜隧道切口白内障超声乳化Ⅰ期后房人工晶状体植入。结果 术中玻璃体脱出前房４眼。术后矫正视力〈０．１者３眼,０．１－０．４者９眼≥０．５者１６眼。人工晶状体植入囊袋内１７眼,植入睫状沟内１１眼。术后４眼出现瞳孔区纤维蛋白渗出,１眼人工晶状体脱位。结论 后囊破裂的外伤国性白内障可行超声乳化Ⅰ期后房人工     

白内障两种类型人工晶体植入临床观察

本文对２５例（２５眼）白内障患者因各种原因后囊膜不完整而术中行睫状沟缝线固定后房型人工晶体植入（Ⅰ组）及对２０例（２１眼）术中行弹性开放襻前房型人工晶体植入（Ⅱ组）的效果进行观察，随访３～４８个月，视力在１．０以上的Ⅰ组中有３眼，占１２％，０．５～０．８有８眼，占３２％，０．１～０．４有１３眼，占５２％，０．１以下者１眼，占４％；而Ⅱ组中视力在１．０以上者有２眼，占９．５％，０．５～０．８有７眼，占３３．３％，０．１～０．４有１０眼，占４７．６％，０．１以下者２眼，占９．５％。术后并发症Ⅰ组中主要有继发性青光眼。慢性虹膜睫状体炎；Ⅱ组中主要有：１．前房出血，２．继发性青光眼，３．虹膜睫状体炎，４．人工晶体上襻脱位。结论：在白内障术中后囊破裂不能常规植入后房型人工晶体时，只要将脱出的玻璃体处理净，手术技术娴熟，植入两种人工晶体均安全可靠。     

晶状体超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术

本文对２６例（３２眼）白内障患者施行晶状体超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术,所有患者晶状体核硬度均在Ⅱ～Ⅳ级范围,采用环形撕囊或邮票式截囊,对整体核采用高能量低负压的原则,将其分成数个核碎块,然后采用高负压低能量的原则进行乳化吸出;对软核先采用挖碗法吸出核较硬部分,后直接吸出核板。常见的并发症为后囊破裂、虹膜损伤和内皮水肿等。术后随访１～６ｍｏ,术后１ｗｋ裸眼视力≥０．５者２２眼（６８．８％）,≥１．０者８眼（２５．０％）,术后３ｍｏ裸眼视力≥０．５者３０眼（９３．８％）,≥１．０者１１眼（３４．４％）。本文对超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的手术适应症、手术技巧和术中常见并发症的预防及处理进行了探讨     

外伤性白内障后囊破损后房型人工晶状体植入

目的 探讨外伤性白内障后囊破损能否植入后房型人工晶状体。方法 对３４例晶状体后囊破裂外伤性白内障,利用残余后、前囊为依托行后房型人工晶状植入术。结果 随访３～１７月。３４例均未出现明显的并发症,矫正视力≥０．５者２８眼占８２％,０．１～０．４５眼占１４．７％,０．０５１眼。经用Ｐｕｒｋｉｎｊｅ法检测,其偏心、倾斜与常规手术无明显差别。结论 外伤性白内障后囊破损后可以植入后房人工晶状体。     

小儿白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的 探讨小儿白内障人工晶状体植入术的最佳时机及并发症的防治。方法 对４８例（５２眼）４～１２岁的小儿白内障行白内障摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入术,其中外伤性白内障３６例（３６眼）,先天性白内障１２例（１６眼）,随访时间６～２４月。结果 术后葡萄膜炎及后囊增生明显较成为严重,术后视力０．１～０．５者２８眼占５３．８％,〉０．５者１６眼占３０．７％。结论 小儿白内障术后植入人工晶状体是脱残、脱盲的有效     

外伤性白内障后房型人工晶体植入

本文报告外伤性白内障后房型人工晶体植入３２人。男２８人，女４人；平均年龄２６．４岁，平均随访９．３个月，矫正视力＞１．０者８眼占２５％，０．５－０．９者１１眼占３４．３８％，０．１－．０．４者１０眼占３１．２５％，＜０．１者３眼占９．３７％。讨论了手术时机，手术注意事项，植入人工晶体上袢的３种方法和埋藏线结的缝合法。     

白内障合并真性囊膜剥脱综合征手术方式探讨

目的　探讨手术治疗白内障合并真性囊膜剥脱综合征的安全性。方法　回顾性分析２０１０年３月至２０１５年１月期间在河北省眼科医院白内障科就诊的白内障合并真性囊膜剥脱综合征患者４例（５眼）,其中３眼悬韧带正常,我们在撕囊和正常超声乳化手术过程中未发现任何异常;另外２眼合并晶状体不全脱位,我们使用４个虹膜拉勾固定囊袋,囊袋内预劈技术将晶状体核劈成８块,扭动超声乳化核及吸除皮质后,囊袋内植入张力环及人工晶状体。比较术前及术后最佳矫正视力、超声乳化总时间、灌注液消耗量、角膜中央内皮细胞密度、角膜内皮细胞丢失率,观察囊袋及人工晶状体有无偏心移位以及并发症的发生情况。结果　术后３个月最佳矫正视力０．８者２眼,０．６者１眼,０．５者２眼,术后３个月最佳矫正视力均较术前增加。晶状体超声乳化时间为３０．２～５２．６（４５．４±９．１）ｓ。灌注液消耗量为６３．１８～８０．２６（７１．９７±６．９４）ｍＬ。术前角膜中央内皮细胞密度２１６３～２８９２（２５０５．２±３１７．４）ｍｍ－２,术后３个月为２０７５～３０２３（２４１５．４±３０８．１）ｍｍ－２。角膜内皮细胞丢失率为３．５９％。术后５眼测得人工晶状体偏中心量为０．１２～０．４６（０．３０±０．１５）ｍｍ。５眼人工晶状体均成功植入囊袋内,术中未出现后囊膜破裂、悬韧带损伤或加重,术后第１天角膜均透明,远期未出现囊袋收缩、后囊膜混浊等并发症。结论　采用囊袋内预劈核联合虹膜拉勾囊袋固定和囊袋内植入张力环,可以增加合并真性囊膜剥脱综合征白内障手术的安全性。     

白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂的临床分析

为探讨白内障超声乳化及人工晶体植入术中后囊破裂的原因及防治方法,对４００例（４３０眼）白内障施行超声乳化术,植入ＰＭ－ＭＡ后房型人工晶体,分析其中后囊破裂原因。结果：术中后囊破裂３０眼（６．９８％）,并发玻璃体外溢１３眼（３．０２％）。术后随访３～１２月,视力０．５～１．２有４０５眼（９４．２％）,０．２５～０．４有２５眼（５．８％）。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.