单抗TIGTC—Ⅲ片段F(ab')2的制备及其放射免疫显像研究

目的:将抗人原发性肝癌(PLC)单抗TIGTC-Ⅲ,用胃蛋白酶法消化成F(ab′)2片段,标记131I后进行裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤的体内定位研究.方法:采用胃蛋白酶消化法,进行裸鼠体内核素显像.结果:消化产率为31.7%±2.4%,经细胞结合实验证明F(ab′)2具有良好的免疫活性,抗体片段进入裸鼠体内后,与完整抗体比,进入肿瘤的速度快,生物学分布特异性高,定位指数上升,血清本底下降迅速,生物半衰期明显缩短.结论:F(ab′)2与全抗体比较可使成像时间提前,定位清晰.     

~（131）I－抗AFPMcAb－MMC“双弹头”导向药物对荷瘤裸鼠的放射免疫显像和治疗

应用双弹头免疫导向治疗药物１３１Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰＭｃＡｂＭＭＣ进行荷人原发性肝癌棵鼠的体内放射免疫显像（ＲＩＩ）及放射免疫治疗（ＲＩＴ）研究。药物经腹腔给予后，第３ｄ即能选择性的定位于肿瘤；第１３ｄ抑瘤率高达８１．５％，远高于单纯１３１Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰＭｃＡｂ组和ＭＭＣ组（分别为２９．６％和１１．１％），提示该药物对人原发性肝癌细胞的亲和力好、杀伤力强，为其进入临床治疗提供了依据。     

单抗TIGTC-Ⅲ片段F(ab′)_2的制备及其放射免疫显像研究

目的：将抗人原发性肝癌（ＰＬＣ）单抗ＴＩＧＴＣⅢ,用胃蛋白酶法消化成Ｆ（ａｂ′）２片段,标记１３１Ｉ后进行裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤的体内定位研究。方法：采用胃蛋白酶消化法,进行裸鼠体内核素显像。结果：消化产率为３１７％±２４％,经细胞结合实验证明Ｆ（ａｂ′）２具有良好的免疫活性,抗体片段进入裸鼠体内后,与完整抗体比,进入肿瘤的速度快,生物学分布特异性高,定位指数上升,血清本底下降迅速,生物半衰期明显缩短。结论：Ｆ（ａｂ′）２与全抗体比较可使成像时间提前,定位清晰     

^99mTc-抗CEA单克隆抗体放免显像肠癌肝转移的诊断价值

为了研究^99mTc-抗CEA单克隆抗体放免显像对脑癌肝转移的诊断价值，本文使用，^99mTc标记抗CEA单克隆抗体对27例可疑肠癌及肠癌术后复发的患者进行了放免显像，经手术和病理发现肠癌肝转移6例，其中发现有肝内放射性局部浓集灶者2例，肝内放射性分布明显不均者4例，无肝内转移证据的病人21例，其中有2例出现肝内放射性分布欠均匀，19例肝脏放射性分布均匀，无1例发现肝内局部放射性异常浓集灶。     

rHuIFN—γ促进大肠癌放射免疫显像的实验研究

本文选择人结肠癌相关抗原Ｓｃ３Ａ抗原代表达株ＳＷ１１１６，用不同剂量的ｒＨｕＩＦＮ－γ体外刺激２４～７４ｈ，计算Ｓｃ３Ａ阳性细胞的百分率，经间接免疫荧光染色，流式细胞仪分析，结果表明刺激２４ｈＰＢＳ对照组ＳＷ１１１６Ｓｃ３Ａ阳性率主１１．３％２０ｕ／ｍｌｒＨｕＩＦＮ－γ组Ｓｃ３Ａ阳性率为９５．５％，免疫细胞化学染色显示，对照组阳性细胞呈散在淡染，ｒＨｕＩＦＮ－γ刺激组细胞浓染成团。荷人结肠癌裸鼠腹     

^99mTc标记单克隆抗体Au14—1对荷宫颈癌小鼠的放射免疫显像 …

目的和方法：应用＾９９ｍＴｃ直接法标记抗小鼠宫颈癌（Ｕ１４）单克隆抗体Ａｕ１４－１,对荷Ｋｍ小鼠进行放射性分布和放射免疫显像的实验观察,探讨用＾９９ｍＴｃ－Ａｕ１４－１作宫颈癌导向诊断和导向治疗的可能性。结果：（１）＾９９ｍＴｃ－Ａｕ１４－１注射后１２ｈ肿瘤灶已有放射性聚集,２４ｈ肿瘤组织的％ＩＤ／ｇ值达８．７９,呈明显特异性浓聚;（２）除肾脏外,各脏器的Ｔ／ＮＴ值在２．０２～６．７１之间,ＳＰＥ     

锝标记抗D-二聚体单克隆抗体对兔早期股静脉血栓的放射免疫显像研究

目的：通过动物实验探讨锝标记抗D-二聚体单抗在早期股静脉血栓放射免疫显像中的应用。方法：选取新西兰大白兔8只，制成股静脉血栓模型。静脉注射[^99mTc]标记的抗D-二聚体单抗4D30，进行活体γ显像。分别观察血栓部位和对侧相应部位的放射性分布，计算放射性比值。显像完毕后取血栓及周围肌肉组织，称重后测定单位质量的放射性计数及比值；取心、肝、脾、肺、肾及膀胱组织，观察病理学改变。结果：股静脉血栓形成6 h内，注入显像剂后10 min，血栓开始显像，30 min时血栓显像清晰。血栓/血液和血栓/周围肌肉单位质量放射性比值分别为2.52±0.26和5.20±0.65。各器官均未见明显病理学改变。 结论：[^99mTc]-4D30用于早期血栓性疾病的放射免疫显像有一定的可行性。     

Eluting characteristics of a platelet glycoprotein receptor antibody using a PLLA-coated stent

Drug-eluting stents (DES) have emerged as a recognized alternative to treat stent restenosis but many questions remain regarding the optimal type and eluting characteristics of both drug and stent. The first component of the study examines the extent of surface coating of PLLA (poly(L-lactic acid)) on a Nitinol stent. The second characterizes the adsorption and elution rates of monoclonal mouse anti-human platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIIa antibody SZ-21 from a PLLA-coated surface. The PLLA coating was examined by fluorescence staining and image analysis using the Image Processing Box of MATLAB. Stents exposed to the monoclonal mouse anti-human platelet GP IIIa antibody were tested for their adsorption characteristics by radioisotope technique with ¹²⁵I-labelled SZ-21. The elution rates were then measured in looped circuits at different velocities (10 or 20 ml/min) and durations (30 min up to 312 h). Results showed that the fluorescence staining and image analysis showed a striking difference in the extent of coating between PLLA-coated stents and SZ-21 eluting stents on the gray-scale distribution of Nitinol surfaces. The amount of SZ-21 adsorbed onto the PLLA-coated stents was dependent on the concentration and duration of immersion in the solution. The method of preparation the mAb eluting stent significantly influenced the elution characteristics for a continuous perfusion of more than 300 h. The eluting curve was biphasic with initial rapid elution for the first 24 h followed by a gradual slow elution. These results indicate that the Image Processing Box of MATLAB appears to be a useful method for semi-quantitative analysis of fluorescence images. Furthermore, SZ-21 can be passively adsorbed onto PLLA-coated stents and predictably influenced by the concentration and duration of immersion. These studies may pave the way to developing stent-based delivery of a potent anti-platelet agent.     

Concurrence of ring 21 and trisomy 21 in children of normal parents

We present a case of two siblings with different chromosome 21 abnormalities that are both de novo [r(21)/i(21p13) mosaicism and rob(14;21)]. Molecular studies using polymorphic markers have shown that these two aberrations had a common maternal origin. However, the parents were cytogenetically and phenotypically normal. This unusual association has not been reported and is considered to be a unique case that should be addressed.     

Unbalanced 18q/21q translocation in a patient previously reported as monosomy 21

We describe a patient in whom full monosomy 21 was initially assumed from routine GTG-banded karyotyping. Re-examination with chromosome painting demonstrated an unbalanced translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 18 and 21. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and microsatellite marker analysis revealed partial monosomy of chromosome 21 (pter-q21) and 18(q22-qter). The patient, 18 years old at the second examination, revealed multiple dysmorphic features, genital hypoplasia, dilated cerebral ventricles, muscular hypotonia and severe mental retardation. In not one out of all patients investigated postnatally in whom an initial examination had revealed monosomy 21, this could be confirmed by FISH; in all of them, re-examination detected an unbalanced rearrangement leading to only partial monosomy 21 plus partial monosomy of another chromosome to which the distal 21q segment was attached. Thus, it is still highly likely that full monosomy 21 is incompatible with intra-uterine survival.     

Technetium-99m-labeled annexin V imaging for detecting prosthetic joint infection in a rabbit model

Accurate and timely diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection is essential to initiate early treatment and achieve a favorable outcome.In this study,we used a rabbit model to assess the feasibility of technetium-99m-labeled annexin V for detecting prosthetic joint infection.Right knee arthroplasty was performed on 24 New Zealand rabbits.After surgery,methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was intra-articularly injected to create a model of prosthetic joint infection(the infected group,n = 12).Rabbits in the control group were injected with sterile saline(n=12).Seven and 21 days after surgery,technetium-99m-labeled annexin V imaging was performed in 6 rabbits of each group.Images were acquired 1 and 4 hours after injection of technetium-99 mlabeled annexin V(150 MBq).The operated-to-normal-knee activity ratios were calculated for quantitative analysis.Seven days after surgery,increased technetium-99m-labeled annexin V uptake was observed in all cases.However,at 21 days a notable decrease was found in the control group,but not in the infected group.The operated-to-normal-knee activity ratios of the infected group were 1.84 ± 0.29 in the early phase and 2.19 ±0.34 in the delay phase,both of which were significantly higher than those of the control group(P=0.03 and P=0.02).The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that the operated-to-normal-knee activity ratios of the delay phase at 21 days was the best indicator,with an accuracy of 80%.In conclusion,technetium-99m-labeled annexin V imaging could effectively distinguish an infected prosthetic joint from an uninfected prosthetic joint in a rabbit model.     

旋毛虫抗原基因Ts21体外表达条件的研究

目的优化体外表达旋毛虫抗原基因Ts21的条件。方法比较不同诱导剂(IPTG)浓度、诱导时间、抗生素(氨苄青霉素)浓度及诱导温度等条件下融合蛋白(rMBP-Ts21)的表达水平,选择适宜的表达条件。结果在诱导剂浓度0.3mmol/L、诱导时间3h及诱导温度在20℃的情况下,融合蛋白的表达量最高,占菌体总蛋白的20%;抗生素浓度对融合蛋白表达量无明显影响。结论获得旋毛虫抗原基因Ts21体外表达的适宜条件,为大量制备、纯化该重组抗原奠定基础。     

Down syndrome due to 21;21 translocation in a male twin

A spontaneous 21;21 translocation resulting in features consistent with Down syndrome is reported in the first born of male fraternal twins. No history of twinning or chromosomal abnormalities in the family was noted. Any association between dizygous twinning and Down syndrome due to de novo translocation remains speculative until a sufficient pool of published data is available from study of such families.     

Putative monosomy 21 in two patients: clinical findings and investigation using fluorescence in situ hybridization

Complete monosomy 21 is claimed to be a rare chromosomal disorder in which the cytogenetic investigation is bedevilled by technical difficulties. We describe the disparate clinical features in two patients in whom an initial diagnosis of monosomy 21 was made by routine karyotyping. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) confirmed a translocation of chromosome 21 material to the short arm of chromosome 5 and to the X chromosome, respectively. The usefulness of FISH in the investigation of subtle chromosomal rearrangements is hereby demonstrated. These findings also cast doubt on the existence of "pure" monosomy 21 as an entity, and suggest that partial monosomy 21 is a more likely occurrence.     

IL-21在滤泡辅助性T细胞分化发育及功能中的作用

抗原刺激B细胞产生抗体需要T细胞辅助,近年来人们逐渐认识到一个命名为滤泡辅助性T细胞(Tfh)的CD4+T细胞亚群在B细胞诱导的免疫应答中具有重要作用.Tfh细胞的主要特征包括表达趋化因子受体与(CXCR5),迁移定位于B细胞滤泡辅助B细胞产生抗体.Tfh细胞产生的细胞因子IL-21能够促进B细胞分化为抗体形成细胞,这种辅助性细胞因子在Tfh细胞的分化发育、效应发挥及Tfh细胞功能失调相关的疾病中具有重要意义.     

IL-21在滤泡辅助性T细胞分化发育及功能中的作用

抗原刺激B细胞产生抗体需要T细胞辅助,近年来人们逐渐认识到一个命名为滤泡辅助性T细胞（Tfh）的CD4^＋T细胞亚群在B细胞诱导的免疫应答中具有重要作用。Tfh细胞的主要特征包括表达趋化因子受体与（CXCR5）,迁移定位于B细胞滤泡辅助B细胞产生抗体。Tfh细胞产生的细胞因子IL-21能够促进B细胞分化为抗体形成细胞,这种辅助性细胞因子在Tfh细胞的分化发育、效应发挥及Tfh细胞功能失调相关的疾病中具有重要意义。