131I-抗VEGF McAb在荷人膀胱癌裸鼠移植瘤体内分布的实验研究

目的 研究^131I-sc-7269在荷人膀胱癌裸鼠体内生物学分布情况，探讨^131I-sc-7269放射免疫治疗实验性人膀胱癌的可行性。方法 ①Iodogen法标记抗－VEGF McAb（sc－7269）;②荷人浸润性膀胱癌裸鼠移植膜型的建立；③荷瘤裸鼠^131I-sc－7269体内分布实验。结果 ①^131I-sc-7269比活度为1.00MBq/μg（放射性浓度为18.30MBq/ml），放射性化学纯度为96.20%。②^131I-sc-7269在肿瘤组织中浓聚的峰时为注入标记抗体后96h，此时各组织T／NT比值为最高。结论 ①采用Iodogen法标记的^131I-sc-7269免疫活性无改变；②^131I-sc-7269动物模型肿瘤／膀胱放射性峰时出现的96h，比值高达6.44,为应用^131I-sc-7269放射治疗人膀胱癌的研究提供了实验依据；③本实验研究为进一步开展应用放射性核素标记McAb(sc-7269）放射免疫治疗（RIT）与放射免疫导引手术（RIGS）治疗膀胱癌的实验研究奠定了基础。     

131I-抗-VEGF McAb荷瘤膀胱癌裸鼠放射免疫显像的实验研究

目的探讨131I-sc-7269放射免疫显像诊断人膀胱癌的可行性.方法 Iodogen法标记抗-VEGF McAb(sc-7269);SPECT仪行荷人浸润性膀胱癌裸鼠移植瘤模型131I-sc-7269放射免疫显像.结果 131I-sc-7269荷瘤裸鼠放射免疫显像(RII)移植瘤最佳显像时间为注入标记抗体后96h.结论实验结果提示,131I-sc-7269可以放射免疫显像诊断实验性膀胱癌,为应用131I-sc-7269显像诊断人膀胱癌的临床研究提供了实验依据.     

131I-抗VEGF McAb的制备及其体外免疫结合活性鉴定

目的　制备131I-抗-VEGFMcAb（131I-sc-7269）,并探讨其作为肿瘤放射免疫显像剂的可能性。方法　采用Iodogen法碘化标记制备131I-sc-7269。SephadexG50分离纯化标记产物,三氯醋酸法测定标记产物的放射化学纯度,体外细胞结合分析法鉴定131I-sc-7269的免疫结合活性。结果　①131I标记率为27.46%,标记产物的放射性比活度为1.02MBq/μg,平均放射性化学纯度为96.20%。平均放射性浓度为18.30MBq/ml。②体外结合分析显示,131I-sc-7269与人膀胱癌T24细胞结合率达59.12%,而与人脐静脉血管内皮细胞结合率仅为7.16%（P<0.001）。131I-sc-72694℃保存7d后与T24细胞的结合率仍为56.31%。结论　本实验制备的131I-sc-7269,其放射性化学纯度>95%,有良好的免疫活性和稳定性,具备作为放射性显像剂的条件。     

131I-抗VEGF McAb的制备及其体外免疫结合活性鉴定

目的 制备^131I－抗VEGF McAb（^131I-sc－7269）,并探讨其作为肿瘤放射免疫显像剂的可能性。方法 采用Iodogen法碘化标记制备^131I-sc-7269。SephadexG50分离纯化标记产物,三氯醋酸法测定标记产物的放射化学纯度,体外细胞结合分析法鉴定^131I-sc-7269的免疫结合活性。结果 ①^131I标记率为27.46%,标记产物的放射性比活度为1.02MBq/μg,平均放射性化学纯度为96.20%。平均放射性浓度为18.30MBq/ml。②体外结合分析显示,^131I-sc-7269与人膀胱癌T24细胞结合率达59.12%,而与人脐静脉血管内皮细胞结合率仅为7.16%（P＜0.001)。^131I-sc-7269 4℃保存7d后与T24细胞的结合率仍为56.31%。结论 本实验制备的^131I-sc-7269,其放射性化学纯度＞95％,有良好的免疫活性和稳定性,具备作为放射性显像剂的备件。     

131Ⅰ标记抗CEA、TPS及混合单抗在荷人乳腺癌裸鼠体内放射免疫显像及生物学分布

目的研究131Ⅰ标记抗CEA、TPS单抗及混合单抗(CEA TPS)在荷人乳腺癌裸鼠体内的分布,为放免显像(RⅡ)及临床应用提供依据.方法荷瘤鼠分为3组,每组尾静脉分别注入131Ⅰ标记的抗CEA,TPS及混合单抗3.7MBq/0.1ml,于注射后24、48、96、120h行SPECT,于48、96、120h分批处死,测定肿瘤和血、肝、肺等重要脏器的单位放射性比值(T/NT).结果标记单抗注射后24～120h内,肿瘤部位出现放射性浓聚,T/NT比值120h最高达21.31.SPECT阳性率分别为50%、58%、91%.结论混合单抗组在T/NT比值、SPECT阳性率方面明显优于对照组.单抗的混合使用有望成为RⅡ的首选方法.     

131Ⅰ标记抗PeroxiredoxinⅠ肺腺癌噬菌体抗体在荷瘤裸鼠体内的分布及其对肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的 研究抗Peroxiredoxin Ⅰ(Prx Ⅰ)肺腺癌相关单链抗体体外对肺腺癌细胞的增殖抑制;观察131I标记抗体在肺腺癌裸鼠模型体内分布、靶向显像及体内抑瘤作用.方法 放射性核素计数法测定单链抗体细胞内摄水平;MTT法及流式细胞仪检测单链抗体抑制肺腺癌A549细胞生长情况;免疫印迹法检测单链抗体作用于A549细胞后对细胞内Prx Ⅰ表达水平的影响.放射性核素131Ⅰ标记纯化抗体,进行荷瘤裸鼠体内分布、SPECT放免显像及病理切片观察抑瘤作用.结果 单链抗体干预后细胞Prx Ⅰ蛋白表达水平较对照组下降(P＜0.05).体内分布研究表明单链抗体与肺腺癌组织有效结合.荷瘤裸鼠尾静脉注射131Ⅰ标记抗体48 h后,瘤/血和瘤/肌肉放射性比值均达到最大值4.06±0.13和5.17±0.97.SPECT示抗体注射后48 h T/NT值明显高于12 h、24 h和72 h(F均＞86,P均＜0.01).治疗4周后,131Ⅰ标记抗体治疗组肿瘤体积为(0.68±0.17)cm3,质量为(1.58±0.21)g,抑瘤率56.8%,与对照组比较有统计学差异.结论 抗Prx Ⅰ肺腺癌单链抗体能有效抑制肺腺癌细胞生长,131I标记单链抗体在体内能抑制肿瘤生长.     

~(131)I标记抗Peroxiredoxin I肺腺癌噬菌体抗体在荷瘤裸鼠体内的分布及其对肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的研究抗Peroxiredoxin I(PrxI)肺腺癌相关单链抗体体外对肺腺癌细胞的增殖抑制;观察131I标记抗体在肺腺癌裸鼠模型体内分布、靶向显像及体内抑瘤作用。方法放射性核素计数法测定单链抗体细胞内摄水平;MTT法及流式细胞仪检测单链抗体抑制肺腺癌A549细胞生长情况;免疫印迹法检测单链抗体作用于A549细胞后对细胞内PrxI表达水平的影响。放射性核素131I标记纯化抗体,进行荷瘤裸鼠体内分布、SPECT放免显像及病理切片观察抑瘤作用。结果单链抗体干预后细胞PrxI蛋白表达水平较对照组下降(P<0.05)。体内分布研究表明单链抗体与肺腺癌组织有效结合。荷瘤裸鼠尾静脉注射131I标记抗体48h后,瘤/血和瘤/肌肉放射性比值均达到最大值4.06±0.13和5.17±0.97。SPECT示抗体注射后48hT/NT值明显高于12h、24h和72h(F均>86,P均<0.01)。治疗4周后,131I标记抗体治疗组肿瘤体积为(0.68±0.17)cm3,质量为(1.58±0.21)g,抑瘤率56.8%,与对照组比较有统计学差异。结论抗PrxI肺腺癌单链抗体能有效抑制肺腺癌细胞生长,131I标记单链抗体在体内能抑制...     

胶质瘤表皮生长因子受体显像的实验研究

目的:探索131I标记表皮生长因子(EGF)对胶质瘤显像的可行性.方法:用神经胶质瘤C6细胞进行放射性摄取和滞留的体外实验;荷胶质瘤裸鼠尾静脉注射131I-EGF,于注射后30min、2h、6h、12h进行131I-EGF在鼠体内的放射性分布研究;在荷瘤鼠与正常对照鼠尾静脉注射131I-EGF后12h进行SPECT显像研究.结果:体外培养C6细胞对131I-EGF有较好的放射性摄取和滞留;在各个时间点,131I-EGF主要分布在荷瘤鼠肝、脾、肾等组织,瘤区放射性分布较高,脑组织最低,随时间延长肿瘤组织放射性分布逐渐增加,在12h时达最高;12h时SPECT显像图像清晰,瘤组织放射性分布明显,肝脾组织放射性分布较高,轮廓完整.结论:131I标记EGF有望为临床神经胶质瘤提供一种新的核医学诊断方法.     

抗人胆管癌相关抗原单克隆抗体放射免疫显像的实验研究

目的 检验制备出的抗人胆管癌相关抗原单克隆抗体经同位素标记后用于胆管癌放射免疫显像诊断的特异性。方法 将纯化的抗人胆管癌相关原单克隆抗体经^131I标记后,注射于荷人胆管癌移植瘤的裸鼠体内,研究标记抗体在荷瘤裸鼠体内组织分布,并于不同时相点在SPECT下观察裸鼠移植瘤的放射免疫显像效果。结果 ①裸鼠移植瘤的放射免疫显像效果良好,在各时相点时,以96h时相点显像效果最佳;②注射放射性标记抗体96h后,肿瘤组织有标记抗体特异性浓聚,T/NT比值达到峰值。结论 制备出的抗人胆管癌相关抗原单克隆抗体在人体胆管癌的放射免疫显像诊断中具有良好的应用前景,值得进一步研究。     

放射性碘标记反义寡核苷酸在荷人淋巴瘤裸鼠中的分布及显像研究

目的:探讨用放射性碘标记的框架区(framework region mRNA,FR)mRNA反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligonucleotide,ASON)作为B细胞淋巴瘤反义显像剂及反义治疗药物的可能性.方法:通过氯胺-T法用碘[125Ⅰ]与碘[131Ⅰ]标记含酪胺的18聚体寡核苷酸获得125Ⅰ-或131Ⅰ-FR-ASON,建立荷人淋巴瘤裸鼠动物模型.将148 kBq125Ⅰ-FR-ASON(2～3μg)经尾静脉注入正常小鼠,于不同时间处死小鼠,测定不同组织及标准源的放射性计数.荷瘤裸鼠瘤内注入脂质体包裹的3.33 MBq131Ⅰ-FR-ASON(7～9μg),分别于注射后不同时间进行单光子发射计算机断层(single photon emission computer tomography,SPECT)显像,以脂质体包裹的正义寡核苷酸作为对照,24 h显像后处死裸鼠,取出血液、重要器官和肿瘤组织,测定各组织的放射性计数,并计算每克组织摄取率及肿瘤与非肿瘤组织放射性摄取比值(T/NT).结果:125Ⅰ-FR-ASON注入正常小鼠体内后1 h,各脏器的放射性摄取达高峰,24 h基本清除.肝、胃和肠放射性分布最高,骨、肌肉、脑中放射性分布较少.荷瘤裸鼠瘤内注入脂质体包裹的131Ⅰ标记ASON后立即用SPECT成像仅见肿瘤部位,1和2 h成像可见示踪剂从肿瘤到腹腔,24 h仍可见肿瘤显像.比较24 h反义组与正义组肿瘤的每克组织摄取率、T/NT均有显著性差异.结论:放射性碘标记ASON对淋巴瘤组织有很强的特异性,有望用于淋巴瘤反义显像和反义治疗的研究.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.