急性下壁心肌梗死ST段改变与相关冠状动脉阻塞的关系

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死时心电图ST段改变与相关冠状动脉阻塞的关系。方法对30例急性下壁心肌梗死ST段改变与冠状动脉造影结果对比分析。结果急性心肌梗死部位下壁12例、下壁+正后壁5例、下壁+右心室8例、下壁+前壁5例。其中单支病变10例,双支病变12例,三支病变8例。右冠状动脉狭窄87.7%,左回旋支狭窄12.2%。ST段抬高Ⅲ>Ⅱ,压低aVL>Ⅰ,诊断右冠状动脉阻塞,敏感性、特异性分别为95.0%、93.4%。V4导联ST段压低与Ⅲ导联ST段抬高比值>0.5,可诊断左回旋支阻塞,敏感性、特异性分别为84.9%和79.4%,ST段抬高Ⅰ>aVL、压低Ⅱ>Ⅲ,提示左回旋支阻塞,敏感性、特异性分别为52.1%和78%。结论急性下壁心肌梗死心电图ST段抬高Ⅲ>Ⅱ、ST段压低aVL>Ⅰ,提示右冠状动脉阻塞,V4导联ST段压低与Ⅲ导联ST段抬高比值>0.5,ST段抬高Ⅰ>aVL、ST段压低Ⅱ>Ⅲ,提示左回旋支阻塞。     

肢体导联ST段改变对急性前壁心肌梗死患者冠脉闭塞部位的预测价值

目的：结合冠状动脉造影结果分析肢体导联ST段改变对判断急性前壁心肌梗死患者冠脉闭塞部位的预测价值。方法入选84例因急性前壁梗死行冠状动脉造影检查的患者,对其发病后心电图肢体导联ST段改变的情况进行分析。结果冠状动脉造影发现,前降支近端病变（伴或不伴远端病变）,肢体导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF多表现为ST段压低≥0．1 mV;前降支远端病变（不伴近端病变）,肢体导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF的ST段多表现为抬高或无明显压低。结论对于急性前壁心肌梗死患者,心电图肢体导联ST段改变可以预测冠状动脉闭塞部位,对早期诊断和治疗方案选择有一定的指导意义。     

急性前壁心肌梗死时心电图预测左前降支阻塞部位的临床意义

目的 :探讨心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉病变部位的关系。方法 :对 76例急性前壁心肌梗死 (AA MI)病例进行回顾性分析。结果 :① 76例患者中 ,4 2例为前降支单支病变。 34例为前降支并发多支血管病变。根据前降支不同病变部位分为两组 :前降支近段病变组 (PD)、前降支远段病变组 (DD) ,两组间比较 :PD组在Ⅰ、aVL导联出现ST段抬高明显增加 ,差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段压低明显增加 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。② 34例前降支并发多支血管病变中 ,PD组同DD组比较 ,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高≥ 1mm者明显增加 ,Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段压低≥ 1mm者明显增加。Ⅱ导联压低≥ 1mm者有增加趋势 ,但差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :AAMI前降支阻塞时行心电图检查可以预测病变部位 ,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高 ,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段下移同前降支近段病变存在良性相关性。可视为对应性改变。前降支远段病变时Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段常常在等电位线或抬高     

急性下壁心肌梗死Ⅱ、Ⅲ导联ST段比值与冠状动脉造影对照分析

目的探讨心电图对急性下壁心肌梗死相关冠状动脉梗死相关动脉及合并右心室梗死的判断价值。方法对照分析95例急性下壁心肌梗死入院时的心电图Ⅱ、Ⅲ导联ST段抬高比值及Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段偏移与冠状动脉造影梗死相关动脉的关系。结果95例患者中,74例右冠状动脉(RCA)阻塞所致者ST段抬高Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1、≤1分别为70例、4例;Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高或等电位线4例,压低70例(P<0.05)。而21例左回旋支(LCX)阻塞所致者ST段抬高Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1、<1分别为4、17例。Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高或等电位线17例、压低4例(P<0.05)。合并右心室梗死13例中,以Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1判断,11例合并右心室心肌梗死(P<0.05)。结论急性下壁心肌梗死梗死相关动脉以RCA病变为主,少部分为LCX病变。Ⅰ、aVL导联抬高或等电位线多见于LCX病变,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段压低则对诊断RCA阻塞具有很高的价值。ST段Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1判定急性下壁心肌梗死合并右心室梗死有一定的价值。     

急性前壁心肌梗死患者体表心电图与梗死相关动脉关系的探讨

目的　探讨前壁急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者体表心电图 (ECG)改变与梗死相关动脉 (IRA)定位的关系。方法　对 84例前壁AMI患者的ECG与冠状动脉造影 (CAG)的资料进行回顾性对比分析。结果　STⅠ、aVL 抬高 ,STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF压低时提示前壁、广泛前壁AMI的IRA为左前降支 (LAD)近段闭塞而不是LAD远段闭塞 ) (P <0 0 5及P <0 0 0 1)。STⅠ、aVL抬高 ,STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF压低时前间壁AMI的IRA不能判断为LAD或右冠状动脉 (RCA) (P >0 0 5 )。结论　前壁、广泛前壁AMI时STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF压低 ,STⅠ、aVL抬高提示IRA为LAD近段 ,而前间壁AMI时STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF压低 ,STⅠ、aVL抬高不能判断IRA为LAD或RCA。     

心电图表现为aVR导联下斜型ST段抬高的急性左主干病变1例

急性左主干病变病情严重,危险程度等同于急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死,需尽快行冠状动脉介入治疗.本文报道1例急性左主干病变的急性心肌梗死病例,心电图表现为aVR导联ST段下斜型抬高,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段弓背向下抬高,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF、V4—V6导联ST段压低,并探讨了aVR导联ST段抬高对预测左主干病变的意义.     

体表心电图对老年急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管的预测价值

目的探讨体表心电图对老年急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管(IRA)的预测价值。方法对70例老年急性下壁心肌梗死患者的入院心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性分析,寻找可以预测IRA的心电图改变。结果70例老年急性下壁心肌梗死患者中,IRA为左前降支(LAD)者3例(4%),右冠状动脉(RCA)者53例(76%),左回旋支动脉(LCx)者14例(20%)。经χ2检验,STV1抬高、STⅢ抬高>STⅡ抬高、STⅠ和(或)STaVL压低、STV3压低/STⅢ抬高≤1.2等4项指标提示RCA为IRA。其中,STV1抬高的特异度和阳性预测值最高,均为100%;灵敏度则以STI和(或)STaVL压低为最高,达94%。反之,STV1压低、STⅢ抬高≤STⅡ抬高、STⅠ和(或)STaVL抬高、STV3压低/STⅢ抬高>1.2提示LCx闭塞可能性大。其中灵敏度和阴性预测值以STV1压低为最高,分别为71%和89%,特异度和阳性预测值则以STⅠ和(或)STaVL抬高为最高,均为100%。结论急性下壁心肌梗死时,体表心电图对预测IRA有重要价值。     

心电图STV5V6压低在急性下壁心肌梗死中是合并前降支病变的证据

目的　观察急性下壁心肌梗死心前导联ST段压低与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法　对 38例急性下壁心肌梗死患者均常规行冠状动脉造影检查 ,根据常规心电图心前导联ST段压低≥ 1 0mm分为STV1～ 4 压低组 (17例 )与STV1～ 6压低组 (2 1例 ) ,比较心电图与冠状动脉造影之间的关系。结果　STV1～ 4 段压低是下壁ST段抬高的对应性改变(P <0 0 1) ,STV1～ 6段压低证实合并明显的前降支病变(P <0 0 1) ,其灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为 86 %、88%、90 %、83%。结论　急性下壁心肌梗死心电图STV5V6压低是合并前降支病变证据。     

急性心肌梗死对应导联ST段变化与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的 用冠状动脉造影技术研究急性心肌梗死(AMI)对应导联ST段变化与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法136例急性心肌梗死共分五组:①组,前壁梗死(V1-6)伴有Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段下移。②组,下壁梗死(Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF)同时伴有V1-6导联ST段下移。③组,下壁梗死(Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF)同时伴有I,aVL导联ST段下移。④组,前壁梗死(V1-6)未伴有其它导联的ST段变化。⑤组,下壁梗死(Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF)未伴有其它导联的ST段变化。所有患者均进行冠状动脉造影。结果 前壁心肌梗死伴有Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段下移25例中有88%为左冠状动脉前降支病变,其中90.9%为左冠状动脉近端病变。前壁心肌梗死未伴有Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段下移的36例患者中有94.4%为左冠状动脉前降支病变,两者统计无显著性差异。在下壁心肌梗死伴有V1-6导联ST段下移组22例中有81.8%为右冠状动脉病变,但同时伴有前降支病变的却有77.3%,其中单支病变仅18.2%。下壁心肌梗死未伴有V1-6导联ST段下移34例有91.2%为右冠状动脉病变,但同时伴有前降支病变的仅有32.4%,其中单支病变达52.9%。两组统计分别为P<0.001和P相似文献   

36例回旋支为梗死相关动脉的急性下壁心肌梗死的心电图特点

目的分析回旋支为梗死相关动脉的急性下壁心肌梗死(简称心梗)的心电图表现,总结其心电图特点。方法回顾性分析本院经冠状动脉造影证实回旋支为梗死相关动脉的急性下壁心梗患者36例,分为ST↑Ⅲ<Ⅱ组(n=8),ST↑Ⅲ=Ⅱ组(n=19)和ST↑Ⅲ>Ⅱ组(n=9)三组,分析发病12 h内的18导联心电图特点。比较三组冠状动脉优势型及病变部位。结果 ST↑Ⅲ<Ⅱ组STⅠ、aVL抬高、等电位线、压低的发生率分别为50%,12.5%,37.5%;ST↑Ⅲ=Ⅱ组相应的发生率分别为10.5%,31.6%,57.9%;ST↑Ⅲ>Ⅱ组相应的发生率分别为0,11.1%,88.9%。ST↑Ⅲ<Ⅱ组STV4-6抬高、等电位线、压低的发生率分别为87.5%,0,12.5%;ST↑Ⅲ=Ⅱ组相应的发生率分别为78.9%,21.1%,0;ST↑Ⅲ>Ⅱ组相应的发生率分别为66.7%,0,33.3%。三组患者冠状动脉优势型的比较有差异(P<0.05),三组STV7-9形态、STV3R-5R形态、冠状动脉病变部位无差异(P均>0.05),三组均无房室传导阻滞的发生。结论回旋支为梗死相关动脉的急性下壁心梗ST↑Ⅲ<Ⅱ时常合并STⅠ、aVL抬高,ST↑Ⅲ=Ⅱ、ST↑Ⅲ>Ⅱ时常合并STⅠ、aVL压低;回旋支为梗死相关动脉的急性下壁心梗累及右室时也可表现为ST↑V3R-5R;回旋支为梗死相关动脉的急性下壁心梗不易发生房室传导阻滞。     

Laparoscopic anterior resection

Laparoscopic colectomy for cancer is increasingly practiced worldwide in the last 2 decades. However, due to procedural complexity, laparoscopic rectal cancer excision had not proceeded at a similar pace. This article deals with the technique of laparoscopic anterior resection. Resection of rectosigmoid or upper rectal tumors is first described, followed by the more difficult sphincter-saving total mesorectal excision. We have been using and modifying this technique of laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer since 1990s. In our recent review, the local recurrence rate was 7.4%, and the overall 5-year survival was 70%. Our data suggest laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer is safe and is the procedure of choice in selected patients.     

Isolated anterior mitral cleft

Anterior mitral valve clefts are unusual anomalies particularly associated with endocardial cushion defects. A dysplastic subvalvular apparatus causing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction may result in diagnostic confusion. We present an isolated anterior mitral cleft associated with subvalvular dysplasia.     

SAM-systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral valve leaflet post-surgical mitral valve repair

Systolic anterior motion (SAM) is a postoperative complication experienced by patients undergoing mitral valve repair. The incidence of SAM after mitral valve repair ranges from 5 to 10%. Early recognition of the signs and symptoms of SAM is imperative to the management of these patients. This article presents the pathophysiology of mitral valve dysfunction to give the practitioner a clear understanding of the dynamics of SAM. This article's main focus is the detection and management of SAM and the most current treatment modalities. A case study is used to illustrate the complex management necessary for the patient with SAM.     

Evaluation of the distance from the anterior cervicovaginal junction to the anterior peritoneal reflection for anterior colpotomy during vaginal hysterectomy in Korean women

This study aimed to know the distance of the cervicovaginal junction (CVJ) to the anterior peritoneal reflection (APR) as measured in surgical specimens, and assess the distance between the CVJ and APR to ensure safe anterior colpotomy for vaginal hysterectomy among Korean women.Patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy were included in the analysis. According to the presence of pelvic organ prolapse or menopausal status, the distance from the CVJ to the APR was assessed preoperatively through transvaginal ultrasonography (TV-US), as well as intraoperatively using surgical specimens. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine the reliability between 2 measurements.In total, 171 patients were included. The median distance from the CVJ to the APR measured on TV-US was 19.8 (3.3–41.3) mm. Meanwhile, the median distance from the CVJ to the APR measured using the surgical specimen was 26.0 (12.0–55.0) mm. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the absolute agreement between 2 measurements was 0.353 (95% confidence interval: 0.002–0.570; P < .001), which is indicative of poor reliability. The median distance from the CVJ to the APR measured using the surgical specimen did not differ significantly between the 2 groups according to pelvic organ prolapse (26.0 [12.0–55.0] vs 27.5 [17.0–55.0] mm, P = .076] and menopausal status (27.0 [15.0–55.0] vs 26.0 [12.0–55.0] mm, P = .237).TV-US does not an accurately measure the dissection plane length from the CVJ to the APR during anterior colpotomy. During vaginal hysterectomy, the median distance from the CVJ to the APR measured using the surgical specimen was 26 (12.0–55.0) mm, which can help decrease surgical complications.