多排螺旋CT与胃镜在贲门癌诊断中的对照研究

目的 分析贲门癌的多排螺旋CT表现,并与胃镜对照评价多排螺旋CT在贲门癌诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的38例贲门癌的术前胃镜、多排螺旋CT增强扫描等检查资料,并与术后病理进行对照.结果 胃镜诊断符合率为100%,活检病理确诊率为100%;CT定位准确率为100%,T分期准确率为83%,N分期准确率为85%.结论 胃镜检查是进展期贲门癌诊断的重要方法,多排螺旋CT扫描弥补了胃镜的不足,是胃镜的良好补充,也可作为贲门癌术前分期的依据,二者结合能提高对贲门癌的综合诊断水平.     

螺旋CT对胃癌术前分期与病理分期对照

目的利用螺旋对胃癌进行术前TNM分期并与病理结果对照,确定螺旋CT在术前分期中的作用。方法经胃镜证实的40例胃癌患者,术前行腹部螺旋CT检查,并实施手术分期和病理分期。结果螺旋CT对T分期的判断准确率为80%;对N分期的判断准确率为70%;对远处转移判断准确率为85%。结论动态三期增强扫描对胃癌术前TNM分期是一种有效的方法。     

螺旋CT多期扫描技术在胃癌早期诊断中的临床价值分析

目的探讨螺旋CT多期扫描技术在胃癌早期诊断中的临床应用价值。方法利用多层螺旋CT机对88例经胃镜证实为胃癌的患者行CT平扫和动脉期、实质期、静脉期动态增强扫描,对其影像学表现进行分析,并对病情和分期进行诊断,且需和手术及病理结果进行对比。结果 88例患者经螺旋CT多期扫描检查后,结果显示共检出88个病灶,螺旋CT多期扫描的检查率为100%(88/88),患者均为进展型胃癌。与病理分期检查结果比较,螺旋CT对胃癌进行TNM的分期总准确率为80.68%。其中,≤T2期判断准确率为87.50%,T3期判断准确率为74.36%,T4期判断准确率为84.01%。总体来看,多层螺旋CT对于早期胃癌(≤T2)的准断准确率相对较高。结论螺旋CT多期扫描技术能对胃癌早期诊断准确性高,且操作简单、无创伤、适应人群广,能为临床手术提供影像资料,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

178例直肠癌患者的术前CT分期及其分析

目的:探讨利用多层螺旋CT对直肠癌患者评价术前分期及其对临床治疗方案的指导意义和价值。方法:将我院2009年3月～2011年5月收诊的178例直肠癌患者在手术之前分别行螺旋CT动态增强扫描检查,由2名以上的放射科资深医师对所有扫描结果进行分期,并与术前病理诊断结果进行对比。结果:所有患者行CT检查过程顺利,直肠癌患者的术前CT分期与手术病理诊断各期对比结果:T期、N期和M期的准确率分别为:84.8%、89.9%、97.9%。结论:可以认为多层螺旋CT能够比较准确地评估直肠癌的术前分期,对治疗方案的制定具有极其重要的指导价值,有助于疾病的治疗,值得在临床上推广使用。     

多排螺旋CT增强扫描在直肠癌术前分期诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨多排螺旋CT增强扫描在直肠癌术前分期诊断中的应用价值。方法：随机选取2012年7月至2013年5月在我院接受多排螺旋CT增强扫描检查并进行手术治疗的63例直肠癌患者作为研究对象。对比这63例患者的术前CT检查结果及术后病理检查结果,分析多排螺旋CT增强扫描在诊断肿瘤侵犯深度、淋巴结转移及远处转移等方面的准确度。结果：多排螺旋CT增强扫描对直肠癌TNM分期诊断的准确率为85.3%。其中,多排螺旋CT增强扫描对直肠癌T分期、N分期、M分期诊断的准确率分别为75%、83.8%和98.4%。结论：多排螺旋CT增强扫描可为直肠癌术前分期提供较为可靠的诊断依据。     

CT平扫与增强扫描在结直肠癌切除术术前、术后评估中的应用价值

目的探讨CT平扫与增强扫描在结直肠癌切除术术前术后评估中的临床应用价值分析。方法选取2014年3月-2015年4月我院经纤维结肠镜和病理活检确诊为结直肠癌的患者75例,所有患者均于术前接受CT平扫加增强扫描,将原始横断面等图像进行结合并且与手术病理进行分析比较;比较CT平扫与对比增强扫描对结直肠癌周围结构的显示情况分析,并计算直肠癌T、N分期的灵敏度、特异度、准确率。结果 75例患者CT检查对照手术病理诊断定位定性准确率100%。7 5例患者以病理结果为基准,螺旋C T多期扫描结果显示:T分期诊断符合率为65.33%,灵敏度为76.28%,特异度为64.39%,诊断准确率为71.50%,阳性预测值为79.83%,阴性预测值为62.24%。N分期诊断符合率为62.67%,灵敏度为72.35%,特异度为67.76%,诊断准确率为62.23%,阳性预测值为65.71%,阴性预测值为64.55%。CT术前平扫可见结肠管壁明显增厚;CT术前增强扫描动脉期肠壁中等程度强化,静脉期、延迟期肠壁强化程度减低,呈轻度强化;CT术后平扫可于结肠见金属缝合线影,吻合口处管壁未见明显增厚。结论 CT平扫与增强扫描可以为结直肠癌术前进行更准确的TNM分期,且能显示术后的缝合情况,在结直肠癌切除术术前术后评估中具有较高的临床应用价值。     

增强 CT 联合超声内镜在食管癌术前分期的价值

目的：探讨增强CT联合超声内镜检查（ EUS）对食管癌术前分期的诊断价值。方法：选取术前经内镜病理及术后病理确诊的食管癌患者120例,本组患者术前均行增强CT及EUS检查,依据检查结果对肿瘤进行术前T、N分期,并与组织病理学诊断结果进行对比,观察两种检查联合对食管癌分期判定的准确。结果：增强CT对食管癌术前T分期与病理诊断准确率为66．7％,对T3、T4期判定显著高于T1、T2期（ P＜0．05）,对N分期诊断准确率为73．5％;EUS检查食管癌术前T分期的准确率为71．7％,各分期判定准确率比较无统计学差异（ P＞0．05）,对N分期诊断的准确率为61．2％;增强CT联合EUS检查判定对食管癌术前T分期的准确率为95．0％,对N分期判定的准确率为95．9％,联合检查判定术前分期的准确率显著高于单一检查（ P＜0．05）。结论：增强CT联合EUS检查可显著提高食管癌术前分期诊断的准确性,对临床治疗方案的选择具有指导意义。     

多层螺旋CT对胃癌分期的临床价值

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT三期增强扫描技术对胃癌诊断、分期的临床价值。方法:对70例经术前胃镜检查确诊为胃癌的患者通过水充盈技术行多层螺旋CT(MSCT)三期增强扫描,结合三维多平面重建(MPR)以及仿真内窥镜(OTVE)技术对MSCT图像行术前分期评价,随后与手术病理报告进行对照,并以后者作为金标准。另对15例正常人进行MSCT扫描,观察正常的胃壁形态及厚度。结果:MSCT对胃癌T、N、M分期的准确率分别为73.21%、62.50%、89.29%。结论:多层螺旋CT(MSCT)三期增强扫描结合三维重建(MPR)仿真内窥镜(CTVE)等后处理技术,对胃癌的诊断及分期准确率较高,有临床推广价值。     

128层螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌术前TNM分期的临床诊断价值

目的分析128层螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌术前TNM分期的临床诊断价值。方法选取2012年1月至2014年9月作者所在医院收治的44例胃癌患者,上述患者均接受了128层螺旋CT增强扫描,根据扫描结果对患者进行TNM分期诊断,并与病理TNM分期诊断结果进行对比,判断128层螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌术前TNM分期的临床诊断价值。结果 T1期准确率为50.00%,T2期准确率为63.64%,T3期准确率为73.68%,T4期准确率为90.00%,T期整体准确率为72.73%;N0期准确率为68.75%,N1期准确率为76.19%,N2期准确率为85.71%,N期整体准确率为75.00%;M0期准确率为96.67%,M1期的准确率为85.71%,M期整体准确率为93.18%;CT与病理诊断对比在T分期与N分期上有显著性差异(P0.05),而在M分期对比上无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论 128层螺旋CT可较准确地显示胃癌侵犯胃壁的深度、淋巴结转移和远处脏器的转移情况,在胃癌M分期判断上有较高的准确率,值得临床推广。     

螺旋CT扫描对结直肠癌术前分期的探讨

目的:评估螺旋CT扫描( Spiral CT;SCT)对结直肠癌术前分期的诊断价值及限度.方法:对68例经结肠气钡双对比造影和电子结肠镜活检证实的结直肠癌病人,术前行螺旋CT扫描,进行螺旋CT术前TNM和Duke分期,然后与术中、术后病理各分期一一对照.结果:螺旋CT双期扫描显示结直肠癌的敏感性达98.5 %(67/68);对结直肠癌TNM分期的准确率83.8 %(57/68),Duke分期的准确率为86.7 %(59/68),较文献报道的普通CT扫描的50 %有明显提高.其中T分期,螺旋CT诊断的正确率为88.2 %(60/68);N分期为83.8 %(57/68),5例有肝转移的病人螺旋CT均正确诊断.结论:充分的扫描前肠管准备和良好的扫描方法是螺旋CT对结直肠癌准确分期的关键;螺旋CT扫描对结直肠癌术前分期很有价值,是目前临床评价结直肠癌术前分期的最有效检查方法之一;螺旋CT扫描对结直肠癌的T分期存在一定限度,对于微小淋巴结转移以及远处微小或潜在转移的诊断尚有一定困难.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.