微创Cable-Pin系统和改良张力带内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折的疗效比较

目的比较微创Cable-Pin系统和改良张力带内固定治疗闭合性髌骨横形骨折的疗效。方法采用微创CablePin系统内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折30例(微创组),采用切开复位改良张力带内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折30例(张力带组)。比较2组手术时间、骨折愈合时间、术后VAS评分、膝关节屈曲度、膝关节功能Bostman评分、并发症。结果微创组手术时间(54.3±9.8)min,较张力带组(48.5±6.1)min长,但差异无统计学意义(t=1.990,P=0.100)。微创组骨折愈合时间(6.8±2.7)周,较张力带组(11.5±1.2)周明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(t=9.350,P=0.001)。微创组术后前3个月的VAS评分明显高于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后6个月2组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。微创组术后1、2、3、6、12、18个月膝关节功能屈曲度都大于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3、6、12、18个月微创组膝关节功能Bostman评分明显优于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论微创Cable-Pin系统治疗髌骨骨折在术后疼痛、骨折愈合时间、膝关节屈曲度、膝关节功能评分和并发症方面要优于切开复位改良张力带内固定。     

微创Cable-Pin系统与张力带内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折的疗效比较

目的评价微创Cable-Pin系统与张力带内固定治疗闭合性髌骨横形骨折的疗效。方法采用微小切口Cable-Pin系统内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折48例(微创组),采用切开复位张力带内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折48例(张力带组)。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、膝关节屈曲度、膝关节功能Bostman评分、并发症。结果微创组手术时间(72.9±16.8)min,较张力带组(65.5±13.2)min长,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。微创组术中出血量(54.7±22.1)m L,较张力带组(269.8±92.6)m L少,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。微创组术后1、6个月的疼痛VAS评分明显高于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);微创组术后1、6、12个月膝关节功能屈曲度都大于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6、12个月微创组膝关节功能Bostman评分明显优于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论微创Cable-Pin系统治疗髌骨骨折在术后疼痛、术中出血量、膝关节屈曲度、膝关节功能评分和并发症方面要优于切开复位改良张力带内固定,但在手术时间方面没有优势。     

空心钉及张力带钢丝治疗髌骨体部横行骨折

目的探讨空心钉及张力带钢丝治疗髌骨体部横行骨折的手术方法并与传统双克氏针及张力带钢丝法进行疗效比较。方法空心钉及张力带钢丝组14例,男9例,女5例;平均年龄46岁,平均随访时间30周。传统双克氏针及张力带钢丝组20例,男13例,女7例;平均年龄42岁,平均随访时间42周。比较两组术后2、4周膝关节屈曲角度、骨折临床愈合时间及术后24周患侧与健侧相比屈曲损失角度。两组比较采用成组设计t检验。结果空心钉及张力带钢丝组术后2、4周膝关节平均屈曲角度分别为59°±14.8°及98°±15.1°;临床愈合时间平均为(10±3.0)周;术后24周与健侧相比,屈曲平均损失11°±6.3°,均未出现并发症。传统双克氏针及张力带钢丝组术后2、4周膝关节平均屈曲角度分别为31°±13.3°及63°±13.7°;临床愈合时间平均为(13±3.8)周;术后24周与健侧相比,平均屈曲损失18°±6.2°,其中2例因拔针张力带钢丝松动,分别采用了石膏外固定和再次手术治疗。结论空心钉及张力带钢丝内固定治疗髌骨体部横行骨折,髌骨周围软组织刺激症状较少、内固定更为稳定,膝关节早期功能康复效果较好,临床愈合时间相对缩短,且无并发症发生;但其远期效果及并发症的评估尚待长期随访。     

可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝在髌骨下极粉碎性骨折中的临床应用

目的:探讨可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝固定治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法 :自2012年1月至2016年12月,采用可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折80例,其中男45例,女35例;年龄25～60(45.0±2.0)岁,所有骨折为新鲜闭合性骨折。术后6周采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、膝关节屈伸活动范围评估手术预后,术后12个月采用膝关节HSS评分进行疗效评价。结果:患者手术时间(50.2±10.1) min,出血量(20.3±5.2) ml。术后40例患者获得随访,时间12～24(16.0±0.5)个月。术后6周VAS评分为1.8±0.4,膝关节屈伸活动范围为(120.6±1.5)°。所有骨折获得骨性愈合,时间(3.0±0.8)个月。术后12个月膝关节HSS评分95.6±0.6。结论:可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝固定治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折具有操作简单、固定可靠、能够恢复髌骨解剖形态,可早期功能锻炼达到快速康复,愈后效果良好等优点,是治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的理想方法之一。     

切开复位克氏针张力带与闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效比较

目的比较切开复位克氏针张力带与闭合复位经皮双头加压空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析自2013-01—2016-01诊治的65例横形髌骨骨折,采用闭合复位经皮双头加压空心钉内固定治疗30例(空心钉组),采用切开复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗35例(张力带组)。比较2组术后0.5、3、6个月的VAS评分及膝关节功能Lysholm评分。结果 65例均获得随访6~12个月,平均8个月。张力带组2例出现克氏针松动退出刺激皮肤,取出内固定后缓解。空心钉组无内固定松动断裂及皮肤刺激等并发症。空心钉组术后0.5、3、6个月VAS评分均低于张力带组,空心钉组术后0.5、3、6个月膝关节功能Lysholm评分高于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折可取得满意的临床效果,术后患者可以获得良好的膝关节功能,且疼痛轻,并发症少。     

经皮与切开复位钢丝环扎加“8”字张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的病例对照研究

目的:比较经皮钢丝环扎加张力带与切开复位钢丝环扎加张力带治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法:自2007年7月至2010年4月收治髌骨骨折96例,其中48例采用经皮钢丝环扎加张力带固定术治疗(经皮组),男28例,女20例;年龄21～84岁,平均(53.8±4.7)岁;横行骨折27例,粉碎性骨折21例。48例采用传统切开复位、钢丝环扎及"8"字张力带固定治疗(开放组),男26例,女22例;年龄19～86岁,平均(49.1±4.2)岁;横行骨折25例,粉碎性骨折23例。比较两组手术时间、住院天数、术后第1天及术后1周疼痛评分,并比较两组术后膝关节Bstman评分。结果:所有患者术后获得随访,时间6～19个月,平均13个月。两组手术时间差异无统计学意义。经皮组与开放组比较,经皮组患者住院时间短,骨折愈合时间及术后第1天及术后1周VAS疼痛评分均低于开放组患者。两组患者术后进行Bstman评分,经皮组平均28.8±4.7,开放组平均24.6±4.3,经皮组高于开放组。结论:经皮内固定术治疗髌骨骨折具有创伤小、恢复快等优点,临床疗效优于切开复位内固定术。     

闭合复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗横形髌骨骨折的临床观察

目的观察闭合复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗横形髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法 2018年4月～2019年10月收治的横形髌骨骨折40例,采取前瞻随机对照方法分为两组,观察组20例,采取闭合复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗;对照组20例,采取切开复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗。比较两组病人手术切口长度,手术时间,术后3天、2周、1.5个月、6个月的膝关节视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale, VAS)及膝关节Lysholm评分。结果对照组和观察组手术时间分别为(64.46±7.46)分钟和(79.24±9.23)分钟,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组术中无透视,观察组透视时间(15.36±2.51)分钟。对照组和观察组术后3天、2周膝关节VAS评分分别为(4.86±0.74)分和(3.54±0.86)分,(3.12±0.54)分和(1.65±0.62)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Lysholm评分分别为(19.31±3.25)分和(25.41±4.23)分、(34.56±3.10)分和(40.25±4.56)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),术后1.5个月、6个月膝关节VAS分别为(1.14±0.31)分和(1.08±0.26)分、(0.63±0.19)分和(0.61±0.18)分,Lysholm评分分别为(56.23±3.12)分和(59.21±2.14)分、(85.35±1.54)分和(84.58±1.96)分,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。所有病人均接受至少6个月的随访,40例病人术后均未发生关节感染、内固定松动、神经血管损伤等术后并发症。结论闭合复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗横形髌骨骨折临床疗效满意,不切开,创伤小,能够早期恢复,术后早期疼痛较轻的优势。     

髌骨牵引配合手术治疗陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩

目的:探讨髌骨牵引配合手术治疗陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩的疗效。方法:陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩患者13例,男9例,女4例;年龄20~46岁,平均37岁。受伤至手术时间6周~8个月,平均4个月。骨折分类:横形骨折8例,粉碎性骨折4例,髌骨下极骨折1例。骨折分离移位情况:<2cm者4例,2~3cm者7例,>3cm者2例。被动屈膝10°~20°者5例,21°~50°者7例,>50°者1例。用克氏针在骨折块的上1/3处行骨牵引,牵引过程中可同时配合CPM锻炼膝关节。1~2周后拍片证实两断端靠近后再行切开复位内固定术。结果:13例均获得随访,随访时间8~36个月。根据王亦璁改良膝关节功能评分法,本组优8例,良4例,可1例。骨折均获得I期愈合,髌骨的解剖结构恢复,功能恢复良好。结论:陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩骨折端分离,I期手术复位困难,而先行髌骨牵引后再行切开复位张力带固定,不但解决了股四头肌挛缩,有利于骨折的复位固定,而且保留了髌骨结构,保证了伸膝装置的完整性。     

髌骨陈旧骨折合并股四头肌挛缩15例治疗体会

目的探讨髌骨牵引配合手术治疗陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩的疗效。方法陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩患者15例,男11例,女4例;年龄25～51岁,平均39岁。受伤至手术时间4周～5个月,平均2个月。骨折分类：横形骨折8例,粉碎性骨折5例,髌骨下极骨折2例。骨折分离移位情况：小于2cm者4例,2～3cm者7例,大于3cm者4例。被动屈膝10°～20°者5例,20°～50°者8例,大于50°者2例。用克氏针在近端骨折块的上1／3处行骨牵引,1～2周后拍片证实两断端靠近后再行切开复位内固定术。结果14例获得随访,随访时间6～30个月。根据王亦璁改良膝关节功能评分法,本组优9例,良3例,可2例。骨折均获得I期愈合,髌骨的解剖结构恢复,功能恢复良好。结论陈旧性髌骨骨折合并股四头肌挛缩骨折端分离,Ⅰ期手术复位困难,而先行髌骨牵引后再行切开复位张力带固定,不但解决了股四头肌挛缩,有利于骨折的复位固定,而且保留了髌骨结构,保证了伸膝装置的完整性。     

经皮空心拉力螺钉联合改良张力带钢丝内固定治疗髌骨骨折疗效研究

目的研究经皮空心拉力螺钉联合改良张力带钢丝内固定对髌骨横形骨折术后恢复的影响。方法选取我院2017年1月至2019年1月急诊入院的86例髌骨横形骨折,随机分为研究组和对照组,每组43例,研究组采用经皮空心拉力螺钉联合改良张力带钢丝内固定,其中男性25例,女性18例,年龄21～74岁,平均(46.8±1.2)岁。对照组采用经典切开复位克氏针张力带钢丝内固定手术,其中男性27例,女性16例,年龄18～76岁,平均(47.5±1.1)岁。观察两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、下地行走时间、住院时间、术后膝关节功能、膝关节HSS评分以及并发症发生情况。结果研究组与对照组相比,术中出血量更少,下地时间更早,能较早功能锻炼,膝关节功能恢复更好,住院时间短,且并发症发生率更低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮空心拉力螺钉联合改良张力带钢丝内固定治疗髌骨横形骨折疗效可靠,与切开复位克氏针张力带钢丝内固定比较,术后膝关节功能恢复好,切口微创,并发症低,患者接受度高,值得推广。     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。