不阻断肝门的大肝癌切除术

目的 研究不阻断肝门的肝切除术在大肝癌切除手术中的价值。方法 回顾性分析30例不阻断肝门的大肝癌切除术，并与同期98例采用肝门阻断的大肝癌切除术做对比。采用单因素和多因素分析的方法，研究与大肝癌术后并发症有关的因素。结果 不阻断肝门组术后并发症率低于阻断肝门组(10．0％vs32．7％，P＝0．02)。单因素分析显示年龄、肝门阻断、术中出血量、输血量以及手术时间等与并发症发生有关，进一步通过多元逐步回归模型分析发现，年龄、肝门阻断、输血量以及手术时间是决定术后并发症发生的4个独立的预测指标。结论 大肝癌切除手术中有选择性地采用不阻断肝门的肝切除技术是安全可行的。     

输血对大肝癌切除术后近远期预后的影响

目的研究输血对大肝癌切除术后近期并发症和远期存活率的影响。方法回顾性分析177例大肝癌切除术病例，结合随访分析输血对近期并发症和远期存活率的影响。结果本组大肝癌围手术期输血率为74．6％。近5年输血量及输血率较5年前显著减少（P〈0．01）。不输血组并发症率低于输血组（P〈0．05）。单因素分析显示，年龄、肝门阻断、术中出血量、输血量以及手术时间与术后并发症发生有关。多因素分析显示，年龄、肝门阻断、输血量以及手术时间是决定术后并发症的4个独立的预测指标。本组大肝癌1、3、5年总存活率为67％、44％和34％，1、3、5年无瘤存活率为51％、31％和31％。不输血组和输血组的总存活率以及无瘤存活率无显著差别。结论输血是决定大肝癌切除术后并发症发生的独立危险因素之一，但输血对大肝癌切除术后存活率无显著影响。肝脏外科医生应积极采取各种方法尽可能避免大肝癌切除术围手术期的输血。     

中肝叶巨大原发性肝癌的手术切除

目的 探讨中肝叶巨大肝癌的手术切除技术。方法 回顾性分析1996年10月至2001年12月施行肝切除术的166例中肝叶巨大肝癌的术中处理，术后并发症及原因。结果 全组均为常温间歇性第一肝门阻断下切肝，单例总阻断时间最长68min，最短7min，平均24.5min；输血量最多为5200ml ,54例未输血；肿瘤切除123例（74．1％），规则性肝叶切除43例（25．9％）；术后并发症9例（5．4％），手术死亡2例（1．2％）。结论 术前良好的肝功能储备是保证中肝叶巨大肝癌手术切除术后顺利恢复的首要条件，术中仔细操作是降低术后并发症的关键。     

肝癌肝切除术后并发胸腔积液影响因素临床分析

目的分析肝癌肝切除术后胸腔积液的发生率及其影响因素,探讨防治肝切除术后并发胸腔积液的可能措施,方法回顾性分析我院2002年1月～2007年7月间行肝切除术的226例肝癌的临床资料。运用x2检验分析其年龄、性别、病理类型、术前肝功能分级、肿瘤直径、肿瘤部位、手术时间、失血量、肝门阻断时间、切除方式、术后腹水量与术后胸腔积液发生率的关系。结果肝癌肝切除术后胸腔积液发生率为23．01％。从X2检验的结果可见：在α=0．05水平上,术后并发胸腔积液的主要影响因素为：肿瘤部位、手术时间、术中失血量、肝门阻断时间、肝切除术式、术后腹水量（P〈0．01）。结论严格掌握手术适应证,加强术前及术后护肝治疗;术中不盲目扩大切除范围,尽可能在较短的时间内完成肝癌的切除;尽量缩短肝门阻断时间,可以减少术后胸腔积液的发生。     

114���󳦰��������г�

目的 研究大肝癌的手术切除和围术期处理技术。方法 回顾性总结分析1990年1月至2000年9月施行肝切除术的114例大肝癌病例。结果 大肝癌手术中输血量及术后并发症发生率均较小肝癌显著高,两两组间肝门阻断时间、术中出血量、术时、住院天数及病死率差异无显著性。1996-2000年所施行的大肝癌手术切除较1990-1995年而言,术中输血量、肝门阻断时间及住院天数均有明显下降。多元回归分析显示术中出血量是决定术后并发症发生率之独立的危险因素。结论 大肝癌的手术切除和围术期处理技术较前已有明显进步。只要术前准确判断肝脏储备功能及术中有效控制出血,大肝癌的切除仍是安全可行的。     

大肝癌手术切除术中不同肝血流阻断方法的临床研究

目的：比较大肝癌手术切除术中3种不同的入肝血流阻断法的临床效果。
　　方法：回顾性分析2011年1月—2013年3月期间218例大肝癌（>5cm）手术患者的临床资料,术中88例采用Pringle法间断阻断全肝血流（肝门阻断组）,51例行选择性的半肝血流阻断（半肝阻断组）,79例行肝下下腔静脉阻断联合Pringle法阻断入肝血流（联合阻断组）。比较3组患者的术中与术后的相关指标。
　　结果：3组患者的术前情况、手术时间、入肝血流阻断时间及肝切除量的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;半肝阻断组与联合阻断组的术中出血量、输血量、输血率均明显低于肝门阻断组,且联合阻断组的输血量、输血率明显低于半肝阻断组（均P<0.05）;3组患者术后第1天肝功能指标差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）,但半肝阻断组与联合阻断组第3、7天的转氨酶和总胆红素水平均明显低于肝门阻断组（均P<0.05）;3组术后并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
　　结论：大肝癌切除术术中采用肝下下腔静脉阻断联合Pringle法阻断入肝血流不仅能够有效减少术中失血量,而且有利于术后肝功能的恢复。     

肝癌肝切除术后感染并发症相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨肝癌肝切除术后感染并发症相关危险因素.方法 对本院近6年来行肝切除术的217例肝癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,对可能引起感染并发症的因素进行统计学分析.结果 217例肝癌肝切除病例根据术后是否发生感染并发症分为感染组（n=33）与非感染组（n=184）.33例中,手术部位感染15例（占45.45％）、肝脏周围感染4例（占12.12％）、远处部位感染14例（占42.42％）;术后死亡3例（占1.38％）.多因素Logistic逐步回归分析显示年龄（P=0.006,0R=2.564）、糖尿病史（P=0.02,OR=1.996）、手术时间（F=0.005,0R=2.237）及胆漏发生率（P＜0.001,0R=7.325）是肝切除术后感染并发症的独立危险因素.结论 年龄、糖尿病史、手术时间及胆漏发生率是影响肝癌患者肝切除术后感染并发症发生的独立危险因素.     

常温下阻断入肝血流行肝切除术144例报告

自1987年～1994年用肝门血流间歇阻断法施行各种类型肝切除术144例，其中肝门血流阻断10～15min98例，阻断16～20min46例例。并发症发生率为5．3％，病死率为1．7％．文章讨论了手术方法的安全H。、术中注意事项和并发症的预防：作者认为常温下阻断第一肝门血流切肝术是一种安全而叉简便的方法，可适用于各种类型的肝切除术。     

Hassab术后并发症的相关因素分析

目的 对Hassab术后并发症的相关因素进行分析。方法 回顾性分析186例Hassab术患者的临床资料。采用单因素和多元回归模型分析与Hassab术后并发症的相关因素。结果Hassab术后并发症发生率为22.6％,手术死亡率为 3.23％。单因素分析显示年龄、肝功能分级、断流后门静脉压力、术中出血量、术中输血量与并发症发生有关。多元回归分析显示年龄、肝功能分级、断流后门静脉压力、术中输血量是Hassab术后并发症发生的独立危险因素。认为对肝功能好、年龄小、断流后门脉压力<35cmH2O者,术中行精细操作,手术效果好;对于断流后门脉压力仍>35cmH2O的患者,应加行分流术。     

中肝叶巨大原发性肝癌的手术切除

目的　探讨中肝叶巨大肝癌的手术切除技术。方法　回顾性分析 1996年 10月至 2 0 0 1年 12月施行肝切除术的 16 6例中肝叶巨大肝癌的术中处理、术后并发症及原因。结果　全组均为常温间歇性第一肝门阻断下切肝 ,单例总阻断时间最长 6 8min ,最短 7min ,平均 2 4 .5min ;输血量最多为5 2 0 0ml,5 4例未输血 ;肿瘤切除 12 3例 (74 .1% ) ,规则性肝叶切除 4 3例 (2 5 .9% ) ;术后并发症 9例(5 .4 % ) ,手术死亡 2例 (1.2 % )。结论　术前良好的肝功能储备是保证中肝叶巨大肝癌手术切除术后顺利恢复的首要条件 ,术中仔细操作是降低术后并发症的关键     

������������֫�������ŵ�����

??Objective:To study the factors associated with postoperative complications of resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods:Consecutive 378 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma between June 1988 and April 2005 at Xiangya Hospital were summarized retrospectively.Single??variant and multivariate stepwise regression model were used to analysis the factors associated with postoperative complications of resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Results:The overall morbidity rate and mortality rate were 17.7% and 1.3% respectively.Single??variant analysis showed that the age,pringle maneuver,intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion were associated with postoperative complications.Furthermore,multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that the age,pringle maneuver,intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion volume were the independent risk factors of morbidity rate of resections of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion:The surgical excisions of hepatocellular carcinomas are safe and feasible only if the liver function reserve could be judged accurately before operation and the intraoperative hemorrhage and blood transfusion could be controlled effectively and the duration of portal clamping could be shortened during the operation.     

Risk factors for perioperative morbidity and mortality after extended hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Extended hepatectomy with resection of more than four segments is a high-risk operation, especially in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with chronic liver disease. This study evaluated the risk factors for morbidity and mortality following extended hepatectomy for HCC. METHODS: Preoperative and intraoperative variables of 155 patients who underwent extended hepatectomy for HCC were analysed to identify risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: The overall morbidity rate was 55.5 per cent (n = 86). Most morbidity was due to ascites or pleural effusion. Significant life-threatening complications occurred in 20.0 per cent (n = 31). The perioperative mortality rate was 8.4 per cent (n = 13). Multivariate analysis found that portal clamping (P = 0.023) and perioperative blood transfusion (P < 0.001) were risk factors for morbidity, whereas perioperative blood transfusion (P < 0.001) was the only risk factor for significant morbidity. Co-morbid illness (P = 0.019) and perioperative blood transfusion (P = 0.004) were risk factors for perioperative mortality. CONCLUSION: Meticulous operative techniques to minimize blood loss and transfusion, while avoiding a prolonged Pringle manoeuvre, may help reduce postoperative morbidity. Avoidance of perioperative blood transfusion and careful preoperative selection of patients in terms of overall physiological status are important measures to reduce the postoperative mortality rate.     

原发性肝癌自发性破裂一期手术切除

目的探讨、研究原发性肝癌自发性破裂的手术切除和围术期处理技术。方法回顾性总结了1993年1月～2003年8月施行肝癌切除术的32例自发性破裂肝病例,并以同期随机抽取32例非破裂肝癌病例作为对照,综合比较、分析两组病人的术前、中、后的临床资料。结果破裂与非破裂组术前肝功能Child鄄Pugh分级、肿瘤包膜及门静脉浸润,术中肝门阻断时间、术时及住院时间的差异无显著性。破裂组肝脏的肿瘤直径、术中失血量、输血量、术后并发症发生率及住院病死率均较非破裂组显著高。多元统计回归分析显示术中失血量是决定原发性肝癌自发性破裂病人术后并发症发生率之独立因素。进一步分析控制术中失血的方法选择,各组间差异无显著性,但Pringle手法居首位。结论原发性肝癌自发性破裂病人是否作一期手术切除在于术前准确评估及术中能否采用恰当方法有效地控制出血。     

Intra-operative Blood Loss Predicts Complications After a Second Hepatectomy for Malignant Neoplasms

Objective We investigated the risk of morbidity after repeat resections for liver recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma or for colorectal liver metastases. Background Data Although repeat hepatectomy for recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma or for colorectal cancer liver metastases is well known only to carry risks similar to those seen for an initial liver resection, the safety of such a procedure is questionable because, typically, only a few liver tumors are thought suitable for repeat hepatectomy. Methods Clinicopathology data were available for 412 hepatectomy patients (hepatocellular carcinoma in 226, colorectal liver metastases in 186). Risk factors for postoperative complications were analyzed retrospectively among the 57 patients undergoing a repeat hepatectomy. Results Using multivariate analysis, intraoperative blood loss (relative risk, 9.61; P = 0.02) affected the occurrence of postoperative complications after a second hepatectomy. In patients who lost more than 1.29 l blood intraoperatively at the second hepatectomy, a major hepatectomy (P < 0.05) by means of an anatomical type of resection (P < 0.01) was more often performed than in the patients with 1.29 l or less of blood loss. Conclusions The major independent risk factor associated with complications after a second hepatectomy for liver recurrence was intraoperative blood loss. The extent of liver resection, especially in an anatomical manner, directly influences the amount of blood loss.     

Negative Impact of Blood Transfusion on Recurrence and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatic Resection

Background  In perioperative management of hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma, excessive blood loss and blood transfusion greatly influence postoperative complications and prognosis of the patients. We evaluated the influence of blood products use on postoperative recurrence and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods  The subjects were 66 patients who underwent elective hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma without concomitant microwave or radiofrequency ablation therapy nor other malignancies between January 2001 and June 2006. We retrospectively investigated the influence of the use of blood products including red cell concentration and fresh frozen plasma on recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and overall survival. Results  In multivariate analysis, the dose of blood products transfusion was a significant predictor of disease-free and overall survival. Both disease-free and overall survival rates of those who were given blood products were significantly worse than those who did not receive. On the other hand, in univariate analysis of disease-free and overall survival after hepatic resection and clinical variables, the amount of blood loss was not a significant predictor of recurrence or death. Conclusion  Transfusion of blood products is associated with increased recurrence rate and worse survival after elective hepatic resection for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.