恶性黑素瘤和良性黑素细胞肿瘤bcl-2蛋白表达

目的探讨ｂｃｌ ２蛋白在恶性黑素瘤（ＭＭ）中的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组化方法对２４例ＭＭ的ｂｃｌ ２蛋白表达进行了检测。结果１５／２４的ＭＭ的瘤细胞阳性,且ｂｃｌ ２蛋白表达强度与ＭＭ的病理分级呈低度正相关（ｒｓ′＝０．４７１,Ｐ＜０．０５）,而良性黑素细胞肿瘤则极少表达ｂｃｌ ２蛋白。结论ｂｃｌ ２蛋白与ＭＭ的发展有关。     

基底细胞癌bcl-2蛋白表达的研究

ｂｃｌ－２是一种新的癌基因，具有抑制细胞凋亡作用，但不影响细胞增殖，在肿瘤发生与发展过程中起重要作用［１，２］。为了探讨ｂｃｌ－２基因产物在基底细胞癌（ＢＣＣ）中的表达及其意义，我们对１２例ＢＣＣ的ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达进行了免疫组化检测。资料与方法１．...     

复发性尖锐湿疣患者T细胞亚群Fas及Bcl-2蛋白的表达

有研究表明，复发性尖锐湿疣（condylomaacuminatum，CA）患者外周血中CD４＋／CD８＋T淋巴细胞比值下降犤１犦。由于CD４＋和CD８＋T细胞是反映患者细胞免疫功能的两个重要指标，因此，目前普遍认为复发性CA患者存在细胞免疫功能缺陷。凋亡相关蛋白Fas及Bcl－２参与调控淋巴细胞的凋亡及生存，对维持免疫系统的平衡有重要作用犤２犦。为此，我们采用流式细胞仪检测了复发性CA患者外周血CD４＋和CD８＋T淋巴细胞的百分率，以及两者的Fas和Bcl－２蛋白表达情况，以探索这两个蛋白与CD４＋和CD８＋T细胞之间的关系，有助于了解CA…     

皮脂腺肿瘤p53及blc—2蛋白表达的研究

目的 研究ｐ５３及ｂｃｌ－２基因在此脂腺肿瘤中的作用。方法 应用免疫组化方法对皮脂腺良、恶性肿瘤上述两种基因产物的表达进行了检测。结果 ５例皮脂腺癌、２你皮脂腺痣和２例皮脂腺增生症均可不同程度表达ｂｃｌ－２蛋白,而ｐ５３蛋白仅表达于５例皮脂腺癌的癌细胞。两种蛋白表达强度无相关关系（ｒ’ｓ＝０．１０５,Ｐ〉０．０５）。结论 ｐ５３基因突变在皮脂腺癌发生中起决定性作用,而ｂｃｌ－２基因则起协同促进作用     

Survivin及p63蛋白在鳞状细胞癌皮损中的表达及其意义

目的：研究皮肤鳞癌组织中Survivin蛋白和p63蛋白的表达及其意义：方法：采用免疫组化法检测60例皮肤鳞癌组织中Survivin蛋白和p63蛋白的表达，探讨两者与鳞癌组织分化程度的关系。结果：Survivin蛋白在皮肤鳞癌组织中阳性表达率为73．3％，其表达越强，组织分化程度越低。p63在高分化鳞癌中呈环状分布于癌巢周围，低分化鳞癌中阳性细胞增多，分布紊乱，其表达在癌的不同分化中差异有显著性。结论：皮肤鳞癌中Survivin蛋白的表达与分化程度有密切关系，它的高表达提示肿瘤预后不良，也可能成为治疗皮肤鳞癌的重要新靶点。p63过度表达的癌细胞是获得了更具增殖、侵袭和间变能力的细胞。     

凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl—2在皮肤基底细胞癌中的表达

用免疫组化方法检测了凋亡抑制基因蛋白Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白在基底细胞癌中的表达，同时分析比较了ｐ５３蛋白、Ｐａｎ－ｒａｓ蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的表达。结果ＢＣＣ中２１／２１例Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白阳性，且几乎所有肿瘤细胞均呈阳性胞浆反应；５／１０例ｐ５３蛋白阳性，阳性细胞率小于５０％；Ｐａｎ－ｒａｓ蛋白在１０／１０例中均阴性；ＰＣＮＡ在９／１０例中阳性，但阳性细胞率小于１０％，这些表明，ＢＣＣ是一种低增     

尖锐湿疣和鲍温样丘疹病皮损中MCM-2蛋白的检测

目的检测MCM-2蛋白在尖锐湿疣(CA)和鲍温样丘疹病(BP)皮损中的免疫组化染色强度及阳性细胞在表皮的分布特点,探讨BP与CA两种疾病在细胞增殖方面的特点和差别。方法免疫组化SP法分别检测BP组织20例、CA组织15例和正常组织20例中的MCM-2蛋白的染色强度及阳性细胞分布特点。结果MCM-2蛋白阳性细胞在BP皮损组织中数目多,呈"满天星"状外观;在CA皮损组织中呈现"上疏下密"的外观;正常对照组中仅出现在基底层。MCM-2蛋白在表皮中的染色强度:BP组高于CA组,并且这两组又分别高于正常对照组,经秩和检验在统计学上均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论通过免疫组化SP法检测MCM-2蛋白阳性细胞在BP及CA组织中的分布特点及染色强度能够比较客观的反映出两种疾病皮损中的角质形成细胞在细胞增殖方面的差别。     

HIV—2gag蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达纯化

目的 在原核系统中高效表达及纯化人Ⅱ型免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ－２）ｇａｇ蛋白,以期作为检测试剂的原料。方法 采用基因工程手段将编码Ⅱ型人免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ－２）核心蛋白的部分ｐ５５ｇａｇ１（Ｇ１）及全部ｐ５５ｇａｇ２（Ｇ２）基因片段分别克隆到原核高效表达载体ｐＥＴ２８ａ的Ｔ７噬菌体启动子下游,构建出重组表达质粒ｐＥＴ２８ａＧ１和ｐＥＴ２８ａＧ２,将其转入不同的受体菌后,ＩＰＴＧ诱导下进行表达。经Ｓ     

层粘连蛋白和Ⅳ型胶原在皮肤恶性黑素瘤及痣细胞痣中的表达

层粘连蛋白（ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ，ＬＮ）和Ⅳ型胶原（ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ）为基底膜成分，正常由位于基底膜上的上皮细胞与内皮细胞合成。近年发现许多肿瘤细胞具有合成基底膜物质的能力，并与肿瘤的生物学行为有关。我们用抗ＬＮ和Ⅳ型胶原的抗体对一组皮肤黑素细胞...     

E-钙黏着蛋白和β-联蛋白在寻常性银屑病皮损的表达

目前认为，细胞黏附分子在癌细胞和转移细胞的细胞连接中起着重要作用。相邻细胞间的连接决定细胞和组织的形态，调控主要的细胞生命过程包括细胞的运动、生长、分化和存活。E-钙黏着蛋白（E-cadherin）-β-联蛋白（β-catenin）复合物通过介导细胞间黏附，调节上皮的完整性。许多研究证实．在多种癌中有E-钙黏着蛋白，β-联蛋白或两者的异常表达，包括非黑素瘤皮肤癌。为了解细胞间黏附连接结构（adherin junctions system，AJs）在角质形成细胞增殖中的作用，进一步研究银屑病的发病机制，我们检测了E-钙黏着蛋白和β-联蛋白在进行期银屑病皮损和临近皮损区皮肤的表达。     

Quantification of human polyomaviruses MCPyV and HPyV6 in malignant and non-malignant skin lesions

BackgroundHuman Polyomaviruses such as MCPyV and HPyV6 are frequently found as part of healthy skin microbiota and have been associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), pruritic and dyskeratotic dermatoses, respectively. Their presence in other types of skin conditions varies greatly depending on lesion type and population.ObjectiveTo analyse comparatively the presence of MCPyV and HPyV6 in nonmelanoma skin cancers and healthy skin.MethodsThe authors utilized qPCR techniques to quantify these pathogens in NMSC, premalignant diseases, and healthy skin of 87 patients.ResultsMCPyV was detected in over 40% of samples, while HPyV6 was in 9.6%. MCPyV load was higher in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) compared to basal cell carcinomas (BCC) (p = 0.016) and HPyV6 showed a higher percentage of infected cells in areas of low solar exposure as well as normal skin (p = 0.012). A fair agreement (kappa = 0.301) was found between MCPyV detection in lesions and their respective perilesional skin, indicating a random process of local dissemination of the virus.Study limitationsThe lack of a larger sampling of different lesion types and protein expression analyses limits the correlation findings.ConclusionThis is the first report of HPyV6 detection in the healthy skin of a Brazilian population, but the role of both polyomaviruses in NMSC has yet to be demonstrated.     

Expression of minichromosome maintenance 5 protein in proliferative and malignant skin diseases

BACKGROUND: The entire minichromosome maintenance (MCM) family (MCM2-7) play roles in the initiation and elongation of DNA replication. Many studies have demonstrated that MCM proteins may be better indicators of a wide variety of proliferative or cancer cells in malignant tissues. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the pattern and frequency of MCM5 expression in proliferative and malignant skin diseases in comparison with those of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). METHODS: Twelve normal skin specimens, 12 specimens of psoriasis, 21 specimens of bowenoid papulosis (BP), 16 specimens of Bowen's disease (BD), 38 specimens of skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 11 specimens of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for MCM5 and PCNA. Results MCM5 protein was expressed in the lower layers of epidermis in psoriasis, while MCM5 protein were present throughout the tumor cells in BP, BD, and moderately/poorly differentiated SCC. MCM5 protein was preferentially expressed in the periphery of well-differentiated SCC or bigger nests of BCC, although some small nests of BCC seemingly showed diffuse staining patterns. The percentages of MCM5-positive cells were 15.7% in normal skin, 21.8% in psoriasis, 75.9% in BP, 83.8% in BD, 63.5% in well-differentiated SCC, 77.5% in moderately differentiated SCC, 79.8% in poorly differentiated SCC, and 21.2% in BCC in average. Well-differentiated SCC showed a significantly lower percentage of positive cells than did moderately differentiated SCC or poorly differentiated SCC. MCM5 staining basically show a similar staining pattern to that of PCNA, but more cells tended to be stained with MCM5 than with PCNA. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate pattern and frequency of MCM5 expression in various skin diseases and suggest that MCM5 may be a useful marker to detect cell proliferation in skin tissue sections.     

表达谱基因芯片技术在皮肤病研究中的应用

表达谱基因芯片技术是近几年发展起来的分子生物学与微电子技术相结合的基因分析检测技术。结合其他生物技术,为疾病的发病机制研究、疾病诊断、药物开发等提供了全新的方法。在皮肤科中已用于炎症性皮肤病、皮肤肿瘤、结缔组织病等的研究,成为皮肤病研究的新亮点。     

1215名放射作业人员皮肤损害调查

报道１２１５名放射作业人员皮肤损害的调查情况，皮损发病率为６２．１％，以双手干燥、指甲纵嵴为主，发病率分别为２２．９％、２３．５％，与对照组经统计学处理Ｐ＜０．０１，说明放射作业人员的双手干燥、指甲纵嵴皮肤损害明显高于对照组，可能是射线破坏了皮脂腺、汗腺、毛囊，以及指甲生发层细胞所致。     

长链非编码RNA在皮肤病的研究进展

长链非编码RNA是一组内源性、长度超过200个核苷酸、缺少特异完整的开放阅读框、无或很少有蛋白编码功能的RNA分子,能在表观遗传学、转录和转录后水平等多个层面调控基因表达,广泛参与机体生理和病理过程.近年研究发现,长链非编码RNA在多种皮肤病的发生发展过程中发挥作用,如黑素瘤、非黑素瘤皮肤癌、银屑病等,对长链非编码RNA的研究将为这些疾病的预测、诊断和治疗以及预后评估提供有价值的信息.     

恶性黑素瘤p53、C-erbB2蛋白表达的临床病理意义探讨

为了探讨p53及C－erbB2在恶性黑素瘤（恶黑）中的表达及意义,采用免疫组化方法对28例恶黑皮损中p53及C－erbB2蛋白表达进行了检测,并进行临床病理相关性研究。结果发现,p53的表达与黑素复发,脏器转移呈正相关（P＜0．05）,与生存期呈负相关（P＜0．05）,与年龄,肿瘤大小,淋巴结转移,病理学分级无统计学意义,C-erbB2的表达与恶黑淋巴结转移,复发,脏器转移呈正相关（P＜0．05）,与生存期呈负相关（P＜0．05）,与年龄,肿瘤大小,病理学分级无统计学意义,p53,C－erbB2,在恶黑中的共同表达未发现相关关系,p53,C-erbB2在恶黑中可作为一种生物学恶性程度高,预后不良的指标。     

环氧化酶-2在皮肤肿瘤中的表达及其临床意义

研究发现,在长期使用非甾体抗炎药(NsAIDs)治疗的类风湿性关节炎患者中结肠癌的发病率下降40%～60%[1].体内外及动物模型等研究[2]表明,NSAIDs的作用靶点是环氧化酶(cyclooxygenase,COX).COX有两种异构体:COX-1和COX-2,已证明COX-2在多种内脏肿瘤中存在过表达[3],因此,COX-2与肿瘤的关系得到了普遍关注.我们应用免疫组化方法检测了COX-2在几种常见皮肤肿瘤组织中的表达,并探讨其临床意义.     

甲基结合蛋白MeCP2与mbd2在SLE患者中的表达

目的　探讨甲基结合蛋白MeCP2及去甲基化酶mbd2基因的表达异常在SLE发病中的作用。方法　以RT-PCR方法检测SLE缓解期、活动期患者与正常人外周血单一核细胞（PBMC）中MeCP2及mbd2基因的表达水平,并进行相关性分析。结果　SLE活动期、缓解期及正常人对照组PBMC中MeCP2的表达差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。SLE缓解期患者PBMC中mbd2的表达水平显著高于正常人对照组（t = 12.8,P ＜ 0.01）;SLE活动期患者PBMC中mbd2表达显著高于SLE缓解期（t = 20.0,P ＜ 0.01）。SLE患者PBMC中mbd2的表达与SLEDAI评分呈正相关（r = 0.737,P = 0.0001）。正常人对照组PBMC中mbd2的表达与MeCP2的表达呈正相关（r = 0.550,P = 0.0222）。结论　在正常情况下,MeCP2和mbd2的表达相互制约,在SLE患者中这种关系被破坏。     

Langerhans cells in various benign and malignant pigment-cell lesions of the skin

Summary We used immunohistochemistry to study Langerhans cells (LCs) and the composition of the dermal inflammatory infiltrate both in normal skin and in biopsies from various benign and malignant pigment-cell lesions. In normal skin and most benign pigment-cell lesions, epidermal LCs are regularly distributed. OKT₆-Positive cells outnumber the OKIa-positive cells. The inconspicuous dermal infiltrate studied in these biopsies was composed of helper and suppressor/cytotoxic T cells and some dermal LCs. More epidermal LCs with an abnormal cytologic presentation were found in a halo naevus and in the radial growth part of primary malignant melanomas. This finding was associated with a dermal infiltrate composed of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, suggesting a defense mechanism of the host towards abnormal melanocytes. Epidermal LCs were rare in the central part of the biopsies which showed a primary malignant melanoma in its vertical growth. A dermal inflammatory infiltrate was absent in that area. These findings are interpreted as the morphologic expression of a damaged immune system.F. Facchetti is on leave from Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy     

239例HIV感染者并发皮肤损害分析

目的对239例HIV感染者基本情况、皮肤损害和血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数关系进行分析,探讨HIV感染者并发皮肤病的特点。方法采用比较分析,分为A组有皮肤损害(112人),B组无皮肤损害(127人)。统计皮肤瘙痒及皮疹、黏膜溃疡、口腔糜烂、疱疹等五类皮肤损害,分析两组基本情况差异、血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数差异及皮损组皮肤损害评分与血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数的关系。结果 239例分析对象皮肤损害发生率为46.86%;皮肤损害组中有皮肤瘙痒者71.43%,皮疹43.75%,黏膜溃疡14.29%,口腔糜烂11.61%,疱疹10.71%;两组均在30～39岁年龄段发病率较高。皮损组血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数明显低于无皮损组,差异有统计学意义。皮损组血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数与皮损严重程度无相关性。结论在HIV感染并发皮肤损害者中,皮肤瘙痒和皮疹较为常见。血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数下降至200个/mm3以下时容易发生皮肤损害,但皮损严重程度与血浆CD4+淋巴细胞计数无明显关系。