IGFBP7对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的: 探究胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白7(IGFBP7)对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的影响及其分子生物学机制。方法: 将质粒pCMV6-IGFBP7转染MCF-7细胞,构建稳定表达IGFBP7的MCF-7细胞系;采用Western blotting检测IGFBP7在MCF-7细胞稳定转染子的表达;采用软琼脂培养克隆形成实验检测IGFBP7对MCF-7细胞克隆形成能力的影响;采用流式细胞术检测IGFBP7对MCF-7细胞周期的影响;采用Western blotting检测IGFBP7对MCF-7细胞细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)、p-ERK1/2、细胞周期素D1(cyclin D1)、细胞周期素依赖性激酶4(CDK4)、cyclin E、CDK2、p21^CIP1/WAF1、p27^KIP1、p53、视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(Rb)和p-Rb蛋白含量的影响。结果: (1)只有稳定转染质粒pCMV6-IGFBP7的MCF-7细胞表达IGFBP7。(2)IGFBP7能够显著降低MCF-7细胞的克隆形成率(P<0.01),阻止细胞从G₁期进入S 期,使其停滞于G₁期(P<0.01)。(3)IGFBP7能够显著抑制ERK1/2的磷酸化(P<0.01)。(4)IGFBP7能够下调cyclin D1和cyclin E蛋白表达(P<0.01),上调p27^KIP1、p21^CIP1/WAF1和p53蛋白表达(P<0.01),抑制Rb的磷酸化(P<0.01)。(5)MEK1/2阻断剂PD98059可部分模拟IGFBP7的肿瘤抑制效应。结论: (1) IGFBP7可通过下调cyclin D1和cyclin E蛋白表达,上调p27^KIP1、p21^CIP1/WAF1和p53蛋白表达,以及抑制Rb磷酸化发挥抗肿瘤作用;(2) IGFBP7对cyclin D1和p27^KIP1的调节可能与其抑制ERK1/2信号通路有关。     

HMBA对人舌癌Tca8113细胞增殖和KLF6及相关蛋白表达的影响

目的: 研究六亚甲基二乙酰胺(hexamethylene bisacetamide, HMBA)对人舌癌Tca8113细胞增殖和Kruppel样因子6(Kruppel-like factor 6, KLF6)及相关蛋白表达的影响。方法: HMBA处理Tca8113细胞后,观察细胞生长和细胞形态;流式细胞术观察细胞周期;RT-PCR检测KLF6 mRNA的表达;免疫细胞化学技术检测KLF6、p53、cyclin D1及c-Jun的蛋白表达。结果: HMBA处理后贴壁细胞的数量随浓度增加明显减少;MTT实验显示其生长抑制作用呈浓度/时间-效应关系;镜下观察显示处理后Tca8113细胞出现向正常细胞形态逆转演变的特征。流式细胞术检测结果显示,对照组Tca8113细胞G₁期比例为(52.00±0.02)%,S期为(34.00±0.08)%,G期为(14.00±0.10)%;HMBA处理后,随作用时间增加,G₁期细胞显著增加,S期细胞显著减少,G₂期细胞也减少,细胞明显被阻滞于G₁期(P<0.05);出现凋亡峰。 RT-PCR结果显示HMBA处理后KLF6 mRNA的表达上调(P<0.05); 免疫组化检测显示HMBA处理后KLF6和p53蛋白表达上调(P<0.05),cyclin D1和c-Jun表达下调(P<0.05)。结论: HMBA对Tca8113细胞增殖具有抑制作用;其作用机制一方面可能通过p53上调p21的表达和活性,另一方面可能通过上调表达的KLF6解除c-Jun对p21的抑制作用,下调cyclin D1,抑制CDK4/6和cyclin D1复合物活性,将Tca8113细胞阻滞于G₀/G₁期,诱导Tca8113细胞向正常细胞分化,恢复正常细胞的表型和功能,并促进细胞凋亡。     

cyclinD1过表达对子宫颈鳞状细胞癌SiHa细胞增殖及上皮间质转化的影响北大核心CSCD

目的 探讨cyclin D1过表达对子宫颈鳞癌SiHa细胞增殖、分化的影响及其他信号分子的变化情况.方法 采用PCR法扩增cyclin D1基因全长,构建cyclin D1-pcDNA3.1质粒转染人乳头状瘤病毒16阳性的SiHa细胞,筛选cyclin D1稳定过表达细胞株.采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法和Western blot分别检测转染细胞cyclin D1 mRNA和蛋白表达.采用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）比色法绘制细胞生长曲线,采用RT-PCR法和Western blot检测转染细胞CK7、E-cadherin、波形蛋白、Snail基因的mRNA和蛋白表达;采用RT-PCR法检测增殖分化相关基因CDK4、CDK2、p21、p27、cyclin E、Rb、E2F、E6/E7、Ki-67基因的mRNA表达水平.对细胞同步化处理,用RT-PCR法检测细胞周期不同时间点cyclin D1及p21基因的mRNA表达情况.结果 成功构建cyclin D1稳定过表达的G-3细胞株.生长曲线及Ki-67 mRNA升高（P〈0.05）提示G-3细胞增殖速度加快,G-3细胞中波形蛋白、Snail基因和蛋白表达明显增加（均P〈0.05）,E-cadherin、CK7基因和蛋白表达明显降低,提示转染细胞发生了上皮间质转化.cyclin D1过表达后,CDK4、CDK2、p21、p27、cyclin E表达增加,Rb、E2F、E6/E7、p16表达无明显改变,p21与cyclin D1表达趋势基本一致,在细胞周期不同时间点表达存在波动性.结论 转染诱导cyclin D1过表达可促进SiHa细胞增殖和上皮间质转化,这一过程中伴随着CDK4、CDK2、p21、p27、cyclin E基因表达的上调.cyclin D1过表达时,p21表达量也增高,可能通过影响波形蛋白表达参与了对SiHa细胞上皮间质转化的调控.     

丙肝病毒NS5B-EGFP融合蛋白真核表达载体的构建及稳定转染HepG2细胞系的建立

目的　构建可表达丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)NS5B EGFP融合蛋白的真核表达载体 ;获得重组质粒稳定转染的HepG2 细胞系。方法　利用PCR技术从HCV基因组中扩增出ns5b基因片段 ,XhoⅠ KpnⅠ双酶切后连接到经同样酶切的pEGFP N3真核表达载体 ,转化TG1菌株感受态细胞 ,获得阳性重组质粒pEGFPN3 ns5b。将阳性克隆用脂质体法转染HepG2 细胞 ,经持续G4 18压力选择和有限稀释法克隆化获得稳定转染的细胞系。结果　成功构建了真核表达载体pEGFPN3 ns5b ;建立了其重组质粒稳定转染的HepG2 细胞系。结论　重组质粒稳定转染的HepG2 细胞系可表达NS5B EGFP融合蛋白 ;该HepG2 细胞系可以应用于以ns5b基因为靶位的抗HCV感染研究     

FAK-shRNA重组逆转录病毒载体的构建及稳定表达细胞株的筛选

目的: 研究利用RNA干扰技术,以黏附斑激酶(FAK)为靶基因,构建FAK-shRNA重组逆转录病毒载体,将其导入包装细胞Phoenix中,筛选出稳定产生FAK-shRNA病毒的细胞克隆,以病毒上清感染并筛选FAK表达沉默的细胞株,观察其对相关蛋白表达的影响。方法: 体外合成能转录产生靶向FAK短发夹RNA(shRNA)的寡核苷酸并定向克隆入pSuper.retro逆转录病毒载体,以脂质体法转染Phoenix细胞株,待筛选稳定克隆成功后收获病毒上清,感染人肝癌细胞株HCC-LM3,以嘌呤霉素筛选得到抑制FAK表达的稳定细胞株后用Western boltting鉴定FAK表达的抑制效果及相关蛋白表达情况。结果: 构建了重组逆转录病毒载体pSuper-FAK并抑制了人肝癌HCC-LM3细胞内FAK蛋白的表达。在下调FAK表达的细胞株中p-Akt和p-MAPK1/2表达明显受到抑制。下调FAK的细胞株迁移和侵袭能力下降,细胞周期多被阻止在G₀/G₁期,细胞凋亡增多,增殖率明显下降。结论: 重组逆转录病毒载体pSuper-FAK转染包装细胞Phoenix后,其产生的FAK-shRNA病毒可以抑制HCC-LM3细胞内的FAK蛋白表达并抑制Akt及MAPK1/2磷酸化。下调FAK后可以对肿瘤细胞的生物学行为产生明显影响。     

稳定过表达的HLrg蛋白对HepG2细胞周期和细胞形态的影响

目的在肝癌细胞系HepG2中稳定过表达HLrg，观察过表达的HLrg蛋白对HepG2的细胞周期和细胞形态等生物学影响。方法构建真核重组表达质粒pcDNA3．1（＋）-hlrg，转染到HepG2细胞并进行稳定筛选；对稳定过表达pcDNA3．1（＋）空载体的对照组、pcDNA3．1（＋）-hlrg的实验组进行观察。Westernblot进行HLrg蛋白的鉴定。流式细胞仪测定细胞周期、MTT法测定生长曲线、透射电子显微镜观测细胞形态的改变。结果获得了稳定过表达pcDNA3．1（＋）-hlrg的HepG2细胞株。与对照组相比，过表达HLrg蛋白的细胞株出现G1阻滞，微绒毛减少，分裂相减少，生长趋缓。结论稳定过表达的Hk蛋白对细胞周期有调节作用，对肝癌细胞HepG2具有生长阻滞的作用。     

丙型肝炎双移位F蛋白抑制肝癌细胞p16、p21的表达

目的:探讨丙型肝炎双移位F(DF)蛋白对肝癌细胞抑癌基因p16、p21转录与表达的影响。方法:PCR扩增HCV1b型DF基因,构建pCDNA3.0/HCV-DF真核表达载体。再转染至肝癌细胞HepG2中,G418筛选稳定表达细胞株,Western blot检测p16、p21蛋白表达及半定量RT-PCR法检测p16、p21基因转录,并以pCDNA3.0空质粒作为阴性对照。结果:重组质粒pCDNA3.0/HCV-DF蛋白在HepG2细胞中稳定表达,pCDNA3.0/HCV-DF转染细胞中p16、p21 mR-NA转录水平和蛋白表达水平较空质粒转染的细胞明显下降。结论:HCV-DF蛋白能够抑制p16、p21表达,提示可能参与肝细胞癌变发生发展。     

过表达连接子蛋白40(Cx40)通过引起细胞周期阻滞抑制H9c2大鼠心肌细胞增殖

目的 建立过表达连接子蛋白40(Cx40)的H9c2心肌细胞稳定株，初步探讨慢病毒载体介导的Cx40蛋白过表达对H9c2细胞增殖的影响及其相关机制。方法 采用实时定量PCR从H9c2细胞株扩增Cx40基因片段，与慢病毒载体质粒pLVX-IRES-Puro连接，获得重组pLVX-Flag-Cx40表达载体。通过与包装质粒共转染人胚肾HEK293T细胞，获得携带Flag-Cx40的重组慢病毒颗粒。感染的H9c2细胞经嘌呤霉素(puromycin)筛选出稳定表达株(H9c2-Flag-Cx40细胞)。采用Western blot法检测Cx40蛋白表达情况；通过CCK-8法检测Cx40对H9c2细胞增殖的影响；流式细胞术检测细胞周期的变化；实时定量PCR检测细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)的mRNA表达；Western blot法检测cyclin D1蛋白表达；免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)实验检测H9c2细胞Cx40和Yes相关蛋白(YAP)的相互结合情况；分离胞质、胞核蛋白，利用Western blot法检测Cx40对YAP细胞定位的影响。结果 测序结果显示成功构建重组pLVX-Flag-...     

HIF-1α基因沉默对大鼠肝癌CBRH-7919细胞p27和Ki67表达的影响

目的: 探讨沉默缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia-inducible factor 1α,HIF-1α)基因对大鼠肝癌CBRH-7919细胞在缺氧状态下p27和Ki67表达的影响。方法: 选用大鼠肝癌细胞株CBRH-7919作为研究对象,利用氯化钻(CoCl₂)模拟缺氧状态。构建HIF-1α siRNA特异性载体,利用小分子RNA干扰技术沉默肝癌细胞HIF-1α基因。应用real-time RT-PCR和Western blotting方法分别检测肝癌细胞HIF-1α mRNA和蛋白的表达变化,用Western blotting方法检测肝癌细胞 p27和Ki67 蛋白的表达变化。应用流式细胞术检测细胞周期的变化。结果: 在缺氧条件下,肝癌细胞HIF-1α mRNA及蛋白表达显著增多(P<0.05)。HIF-1α基因被沉默后,HIF-1α mRNA和蛋白表达以及Ki67蛋白表达量明显减少(P<0.05),p27蛋白表达量显著增多(P<0.05)。转染组G₀/G₁期的肝癌细胞数量明显多于对照组,S期细胞显著减少(P<0.05)。 结论: 缺氧可以诱导肝癌细胞HIF-1α的表达;特异性siRNA沉默HIF-1α,可能通过促进p27的表达和抑制Ki67的表达,在一定程度上抑制了肝癌细胞的增殖。     

IL-32γ对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖与细胞周期的影响

目的: 观察白细胞介素-32γ(IL-32γ)对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)增殖与细胞周期的影响及机制。方法: 采用组织贴块法体外培养大鼠VSMCs并以IL-32γ处理。应用MTT法检测细胞增殖;流式细胞术检测细胞周期;免疫印迹方法检测cyclin D1和核内NF-κB p65蛋白含量;免疫细胞化学染色法检测增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达的变化。结果: 不同浓度(10~50 μg/L)的IL-32γ在24~48 h范围内,浓度和时间依赖性促进VSMCs增殖;50 μg/L的IL-32γ作用VSMCs 24 h后促进了细胞周期由G₁期向S期,进而G₂/M期转化,同时上调NF-κB p65、cyclin D1和PCNA蛋白的表达水平;应用NF-κB抑制剂PDTC能逆转上述效应。结论: IL-32γ能促进大鼠VSMCs增殖和加速细胞周期转化。上调NF-κB p65和cyclin D1的表达可能是其作用机制之一。     

HCV core/gC1qR interaction arrests T cell cycle progression through stabilization of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is efficient in the establishment of persistent infection. We have previously shown that HCV core protein inhibits T cell proliferation through its interaction with the complement receptor, gC1qR. Here we show that HCV core-induced inhibition of T cell proliferation involves a G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest, which is reversible upon addition of anti-gC1qR antibody. Correspondingly, the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) 2/4 and cyclin E/D, as well as subsequent phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (pRb), is reduced in core-treated T cells in response to mitogenic stimulation. Remarkably, degradation of p27(Kip1), a negative regulator of both Cdk4/cyclin D and Cdk2/cyclin E complexes, is significantly diminished in T cells treated with HCV core upon mitogenic stimulation. These data indicate that the stability of p27(Kip1) by HCV core is associated with blocking activated T cells for the G(1) to S phase transition and inhibiting T cell proliferation.     

Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection imposes a G(1)/S block in asynchronously growing cells and prevents G(1) entry in quiescent cells

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection disrupted cell cycle regulation in at least two ways. First, infection of quiescent human embryonic lung cells simultaneously with readdition of serum caused inhibition of cyclin D/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4,6-specific and cyclin E/CDK2-specific phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein pRb. The inhibition of cyclin D/CDK4,6 kinase activity corresponded to a loss of cyclin D1 protein and a failure of CDK4 and CDK6 to translocate to the nucleus. Failure to detect cyclin E/CDK2 kinase activity was accompanied by a loss of cyclin E protein and a failure of CDK2 to translocate to the nucleus. Levels of pocket protein p130 persisted, whereas p107 did not accumulate. As a result of these effects on cyclin kinase, G(0)-infected cells failed to reenter the cell cycle. The second type of HSV-induced cell cycle dysregulation was observed in asynchronously dividing cell cultures. A rapid inhibition of preexisting cyclin E/CDK2 and cyclin A/CDK2 activities was observed in human embryonic lung cells, as well as two other human cell lines: C33 and U2OS. HSV-1 immediate-early gene expression was necessary for the inhibition of CDK2 kinase activity. Cyclin and CDK subunit protein levels, intracellular localization, and complex stability were unaffected by infection. In addition, levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p27 and p21, were not affected by HSV-1. Previous experiments demonstrated that in asynchronous infected cells, hypophosphorylated pRb and pocket protein-E2F complexes accumulated, and cellular DNA synthesis was rapidly inhibited. Coupled with the present results, this indicates that HSV-1 has evolved mechanisms for preventing cells in G(1) from proceeding through the restriction point and for cells in S from completing a round of DNA replication.     

Expression of RB2/p130 tumor-suppressor gene in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: implications for disease pathogenesis

In this study we examined 21 cases of AIDS-related lymphomas for genomic organization and expression of RB2/p130 oncosuppressor gene and compared the results with the proliferative features of these neoplasms. We found no mutations in the RB2/p130 gene and unusually high percentages of cells expressing nuclear pRb2/p130 in tumors with a high proliferative activity, such as AIDS-related lymphomas. These findings might suggest that a molecular mechanism usually observed in viral-linked oncogenesis could be involved. We performed in vitro and in vivo binding assays to investigate whether the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene product Tat and Rb2/p130 could interact. The results of these assays revealed that the HIV-1 Tat protein binds specifically to pRb2/p130. This may result in the inactivation of its oncosuppressive properties and the induction of genes needed to proceed through the cell cycle including p107, cyclin A, and cyclin B. Using single-cell polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, we found HIV-1 DNA in the neoplastic cells of only 2 of the 21 cases examined, whereas PCR on whole tissue revealed HIV-1 DNA in all of the cases. Furthermore, a diffuse and nuclear stain was observed in tissue sections with anti-Tat monoclonal antibody. These findings are in accordance with the notion that soluble Tat protein could function as a biologically active extracellular protein released by infected cells and taken up readily by uninfected B cells. In conclusion, our results seem to suggest that pRb2/p130 oncosuppressor protein may be a target in the interaction between the HIV-1 gene products and host proteins.     

丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白转染HepG2细胞对其p53表达的影响

目的 研究丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白（HCV—core protein，HCV—C）对HepG2细胞周期、细胞凋亡和n53蛋白表达的影响。方法 表达HCV—C的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-core，通过Lipofectamine基因转染法转染HepG2细胞，经G418筛选获得稳定转染HepG2细胞，经Westem Blot证实HCV核心蛋白阳性表达。利用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色（MTT）法，平板克隆实验和流式细胞术，蛋白印迹和免疫细胞化学法检测HCV核心蛋白对细胞生长增殖率、细胞周期、细胞凋亡率和p53蛋白表达的影响。结果 HCV—C转染组细胞增殖率显著高于空白质粒转染组和未转染组；HCV—C转染组细胞S期所占百分率高于未转染组；HCV-C转染组细胞凋亡率显著低于未转染组；HCV—C转染组细胞突变型p53蛋白的表达高于空白质粒转染组和未转染组。结论 HCV核心蛋白可能通过促进突变型p53蛋白的表达，促进HepG2从G0／1期进入S期，促进细胞生长增殖，抑制细胞凋亡。     

Hyperphosphorylation of pRb: a mechanism for RB tumour suppressor pathway inactivation in bladder cancer

Loss of heterozygosity, mutations or deletions of the RB1 gene usually result in loss of pRb expression, which has been regarded as an indicator of loss of pRb function in human tumours. It has previously been shown that in addition to loss of pRb expression, aberrantly high (pRb2+) pRb expression also indicates loss of pRb function in bladder tumours compared with moderate (normal, pRb1+) pRb expression. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which pRb is functionally inactivated in bladder tumours expressing aberrantly high levels of pRb. Constitutive phosphorylation was therefore investigated as a mechanism of pRb inactivation in bladder tumours. Of 28 bladder tumours examined, western blotting demonstrated pRb hyperphosphorylation in 5/7 (71%) pRb2+ bladder tumours compared with only 4/11 (36%) pRb1+ tumours (p = 0.002). All cases with undetectable pRb showed moderate to high p16 expression and none showed cyclin D1 expression by immunohistochemistry. All pRb1+ tumours with underphosphorylated pRb showed p16 but not cyclin D1 expression. All pRb2+ tumours with hyperphosphorylated pRb showed loss of p16 expression and/or cyclin D1 overexpression. Thus, elevated pRb expression was associated with pRb hyperphosphorylation, which, in turn, was associated with loss of p16 expression and/or increased cyclin D1 expression. In order to analyse this association in vitro, T24 cells, which express high levels of pRb, were transfected with p16 cDNA. Transfection with p16 cDNA resulted in a marked decrease in pRb phosphorylation, decreased cell proliferation, and a change in expression of pRb from high to moderate phenotype as assessed by immunohistochemistry. This paper gives the biological basis for constitutive alteration of pRb function in human tumours in the presence of an intact, expressed pRb protein; the mechanism of pRb inactivation is through hyperphosphorylation, which results from loss of p16 expression and/or cyclin D1 overexpression. Immunohistochemical expression of pRb appears to be a reliable indicator of pRb function.     

Cell cycle perturbation in a human hepatoblastoma cell line constitutively expressing Hepatitis C virus core protein

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease with the potential for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The core protein of HCV has been shown to modulate expression of various cellular genes and to influence a number of cellular functions. We investigated the effect of constitutively expressed HCV core protein on cell cycle progression in HepG2 cell line, which is derived from a differentiated human hepatoblastoma and shows biosynthetic features similar to human hepatocytes. The results indicated that stable expression of the core protein in unsynchronized HepG2 cells induced a perturbation of the cell cycle with reduced cell doubling meantime and increased S phase fraction. Increase of c-myc protein above the basal expression level was demonstrated with a significant increase of c-myc stability, as revealed by its prolonged intracellular half-life, in HepG2 expressing HCV core protein. In contrast, p53 and p21 levels were unchanged. These results suggest that HCV core protein may promote cell cycle progression in HepG2 cells possibly through increasing stability of c-myc oncoprotein. These results are in support of important role played by HCV core protein in virus-mediated pathogenesis in persistently infected hosts and in hepatocarcinogenesis.     

Cell cycle perturbation in a human hepatoblastoma cell line constitutively expressing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hepatitis C virus</Emphasis> core protein

Summary. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease with the potential for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The core protein of HCV has been shown to modulate expression of various cellular genes and to influence a number of cellular functions. We investigated the effect of constitutively expressed HCV core protein on cell cycle progression in HepG2 cell line, which is derived from a differentiated human hepatoblastoma and shows biosynthetic features similar to human hepatocytes. The results indicated that stable expression of the core protein in unsynchronized HepG2 cells induced a perturbation of the cell cycle with reduced cell doubling meantime and increased S phase fraction. Increase of c-myc protein above the basal expression level was demonstrated with a significant increase of c-myc stability, as revealed by its prolonged intracellular half-life, in HepG2 expressing HCV core protein. In contrast, p53 and p21 levels were unchanged. These results suggest that HCV core protein may promote cell cycle progression in HepG2 cells possibly through increasing stability of c-myc oncoprotein. These results are in support of important role played by HCV core protein in virus-mediated pathogenesis in persistently infected hosts and in hepatocarcinogenesis.     

Expression of retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) in mantle cell lymphomas. Correlation with cyclin D1 (PRAD1/CCND1) mRNA levels and proliferative activity.

Mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs) are molecularly characterized by bcl-1 rearrangement and constant cyclin D1 (PRAD-1/CCND1) gene overexpression. Cyclin D1 is a G1 cyclin that participates in the control of the cell cycle progression by interacting with the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb). Inactivation of the Rb tumor suppressor gene has been implicated in the development of different types of human tumors including some high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. To determine the role of the retinoblastoma gene in the pathogenesis of MCLs and its possible interaction with cyclin D1, pRb expression was examined in 23 MCLs including 17 typical and 6 blastic variants by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Rb gene structure was studied in 13 cases by Southern blot. Cytogenetic analysis was performed in 5 cases. The results were compared with the cyclin D1 mRNA levels examined by Northern analysis, and the proliferative activity of the tumors was measured by Ki-67 growth fraction and flow cytometry. pRb was expressed in all MCLs. The expression varied from case to case (mean, 14.1% of positive cells; range, 1.3 to 42%) with a significant correlation with the proliferative activity of the tumors (mitotic index r = 0.85; Ki-67 r = 0.7; S phase = 0.73). Blastic variants showed higher numbers of pRb-positive cells (mean, 29%) than the typical cases (10%; P < 0.005) by immunohistochemistry and, concordantly, higher levels of expression by Western blot. In addition, the blastic cases also had an increased expression of the phosphorylated protein. No alterations in Rb gene structure were observed by Southern blot analysis. Cyclin D1 mRNA levels were independent of pRb expression and the proliferative activity of the tumors. These findings suggest that pRb in MCLs is normally regulated in relation to the proliferative activity of the tumors. Cyclin D1 overexpression may play a role in the maintenance of cell proliferation by overcoming the suppressive growth control of pRb.     

SP-TAT-Apoptin融合蛋白对HepG2细胞周期的影响

目的: 研究SP-TAT-Apoptin融合基因诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻滞, 探讨其用于肝癌治疗的可能性.方法: 通过DNA重组技术, 以pcDNA3.1/Apoptin质粒11为模板, 构建SP-TAT-Apoptin融合基因 plenti6-V5-D-TOPO真核表达载体.用SP-TAT-Apoptinplenti6-V5-D-TOPO真核表达载体转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO), 转染后Blasticidin霉素进行筛选, 并进行鉴定得到稳定表达SP-TAT-Apoptin的CHO细胞株.收集含有TAT-Apoptin融合蛋白的筛选细胞培养上清, 用于HepG2细胞培养.于共培养后的不同时段收集HepG2细胞, 流式细胞术(FCM)检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期.结果: 用包含SP-TAT-Apoptin融合基因的plenti6-V5-D-TOPO真核表达载体瞬时转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO), 成功筛选出稳定表达SP-TAT-Apoptin融合蛋白的CHO细胞, 收集细胞培养上清, 继续用于HepG2细胞培养, 可观察到HepG2细胞阻滞于G1期并引起细胞凋亡.结论: SP-TAT-Apoptin融合表达可引起HepG2细胞的细胞周期G1期阻滞.