余杭区卫生监督协管人力资源现状调查

目的了解杭州市余杭区卫生监督协管人力资源现状,为完善卫生监督协管体系提出建议和提供参考。方法采用问卷调查的方法对余杭区50名卫生监督协管员的基本情况、协管工作现况和协管工作满意度进行调查。结果 50名卫生监督协管员男女比例为2.33∶1,年龄中位数为40岁,学历以本科为主,占48.00%;专业以预防医学和临床医学为主,占76.00%;职称以初级为主,占84.00%;兼职从事卫生监督协管工作的占84.00%;平均用于卫生监督协管工作时间为9.82 d/月;74.00%的协管员对当前工作表示较满意或很满意,影响工作满意度的主要因素有工作收入低、工作量大、工作成就感低等。结论协管员队伍年轻化,学历、专业符合岗位要求,但职称低、专职少、协管工作时间不足等不利于卫生监督协管工作的开展。     

固原市基层卫生监督协管工作现状调查分析

目的为掌握基层卫生监督协管人员配置状况和工作开展情况,发现当前卫生监督协管服务模式中存在的问题,使基层卫生监督协管工作真正落到实处。方法对固原市185名乡级卫生监督协管人员基本情况和工作现况情况进行了调查。结果固原市乡级卫生监督协管人员男女性别比例约为2∶1,年龄以30~50岁为主,占74.6%,专业学历和职称以大专、中级职称为主,分别占53.5%和55.7%,2012年与2011年相比,各项协管巡查、信息报告明显增加。结论固原市卫生监督协管人员结构比较合理,但"一肩数职"现象不利于卫生监督协管工作的开展,建议加强卫生监督协管员培训,完善协管工作制度。     

南京市卫生监督协管人员配置现状探讨

目的了解2014年度南京市卫生监督协管人员的年龄、专业、工作年限、职称等基本情况,分析卫生监督协管人员配置中所出现的问题并提出相应对策。方法通过调研,收集南京市各区卫生监督机构上报的统计数据,全面了解全市12个区共361名卫生监督协管人员的基本情况。结果南京市卫生监督协管人员平均年龄为40岁,学历以大专为主,以医学专业居多,以中级职称为主,比例达35.73%,工作年限多集中在18年左右,部分区域的卫生监督协管员持有行政执法证并配备工作制服。结论严把卫生监督协管人员的准入关,加强卫生监督协管人员的业务培训以及考核机制,加大对于卫生监督协管队伍建设的投入力度。     

成都市卫生监督协管员队伍现状分析

目的了解成都市卫生监督协管员队伍现状,为探讨适宜的协管员队伍建设策略,提高基层卫生监督协管服务质量提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查表对成都市卫生监督协管服务工作机构中卫生监督协管员基本情况进行调查。结果成都市共有卫生监督协管员720人,平均每家卫生监督协管服务工作机构2.7人,协管员以兼职为主,40岁以下者占72.22%,学历主要为大专及大专以下。卫生监督协管员收入偏低,各圈层协管员培训工作发展不均衡。结论政府应加大对卫生监督协管工作的投入,建立协管员准入机制,加强协管员培训,建立一支素质精良的卫生监督协管员队伍。     

南京市卫生监督协管人员基本情况分析

目的了解南京市卫生监督协管人员性别、年龄、学历、专业、职称及工作年限结构情况,发现全市卫生监督协管员配置中存在的问题,探索解决方法。方法收集全市各区卫生行政部门上报的统计数据,掌握全市14个区399名卫生监督协管员的基本状况。结果南京市卫生监督协管员男女性别比为1：0．48,平均年龄为41岁,学历与专业以大专和医学为主,无职称人员比例高达36．59％,大部分人员工作年限在20年以上。结论南京市卫生监督协管员队伍老化,学历结构较合理,非卫生或无专业专业人员比例相对较高,无职称人员比例过高,普遍工作年限较长。建议严格卫生监督协管人员准入,加强卫生监督协管员业务培训,建立健全人员管理制度,加大卫生监督协管队伍建设投入力度。     

江苏省丹阳市卫生监督协管员管理初探

目的分析掌握基层卫生监督协管员管理现状,为进一步规范化管理提供借鉴。方法通过卫生监督协管员个人基本情况调查和2012年度基本公共卫生服务卫生监督协管项目工作督查考核结果分析进行。结果江苏省丹阳市12个镇卫生院、4个社区卫生服务中心的36名卫生监督协管员中30岁以下的仅1人,40岁及50岁以上年龄组的共21人,占总人数的58.3%,队伍总体年龄偏大且后备力量断层严重。卫生监督协管员日常巡查频次少,信息少报、迟报多,宣传培训指导不到位,考核结果扣分最多的为协管巡查83分,其次是信息上报少报迟报28分。结论监督协管工作规范化运行及信息化系统的完善运用是丹阳市卫生监督协管员管理薄弱环节,亟待加强。     

上海市浦东新区卫生监督协管人员现况调查分析

目的掌握上海市浦东新区卫生监督协管人员配置和工作开展情况，发现当前卫生监督协管服务模式中存在的问题，探索解决方法。方法随机抽取浦东新区从事卫生监督协管的109名工作人员进行问卷调查。结果浦东新区卫生监督协管人员男女性别比例约为1：0．9，平均年龄为38岁，学历、专业和职称以大专、公共卫生类和初级（含助理）为主，83．49％的人员同时负责了卫生监督协管和其他条线工作，平均用于卫生监督协管工作时间为2．10天／周，61．47％的人员对当前工作表示满意或很满意，影响工作状态的因素主要有工作难易程度、工作认同度、专业知识掌握状况等。结论上海市浦东新区卫生监督协管人员结构比较合理，但“一肩数职”现象不利于卫生监督协管工作的沟通和开展，工作满意度有待提高。建议加强卫生监督协管体制建设，提高卫生监督协管员的业务能力，加强与基层医疗机构的沟通和协调。     

海安县卫生监督协管服务工作现状及对策分析

目的分析海安县卫生监督协管服务工作现状,为进一步完善海安县卫生监督协管体系建设提供依据。方法以深入访谈、专题小组讨论的方式,采用卫生监督协管工作开展情况调查表、工作人员基本情况调查,调查海安县乡镇卫生计生所村卫生室(社区卫生服务站)及卫生监督协管基本情况。结果海安县卫生监督协管服务体系共分为卫生监督所、镇卫生计生所、镇村卫生室三级机构,其中卫生监督协管员均抽调自基层卫生机构现有工作人员,共230人,男女比为1∶0.78,平均年龄为49岁,以高中、中专学历为主。结论海安县卫生监督协管服务体系存在人员年龄结构老化,学历偏低,人员配备不足,服务规范性有待提高等问题,迫切需要建立一支高素质卫生监督协管队伍。     

湖州市乡镇卫生监督协管工作情况调查

目的了解湖州市乡镇卫生监督协管工作模式,为乡镇基层卫生和计划生育行政执法职能的整合提供依据。方法采用问卷调查和定性访谈相结合的方式,对湖州市5个县(区)的39个乡镇的卫生监督协管工作现状进行调查和分析。结果 39个乡镇均在乡镇卫生院(社区卫生服务中心)设立卫生监督协管站;卫生监督协管人员88人,平均每个乡镇2.26人,均为卫生院(社区卫生服务中心)公共卫生科兼职人员,其中45人持卫生监督协管证上岗,协管员配备0.49人/万人;共配备乡镇计生机构计生管理员188人,平均每个乡镇4.80人,其中164人持行政执法证上岗,计生执法人员配备1.79人/万人。各乡镇卫生监督协管站均在各县(区)卫生计生局领导下,由各县(区)卫生监督所安排具体的年度卫生监督协管服务工作。结论湖州市乡镇卫生监督协管人员队伍建设有待加强;应进一步整合乡镇基层卫生和计划生育两个系统的监督执法资源,健全乡镇基层卫生监督执法网络。     

上海市徐汇区社区现制现售水卫生监督协管员现况调查

<正>社区卫生监督协管服务工作对于巩固基层卫生监督网底、强化辖区卫生监督工作,特别是在当前卫生监督执法力量不足、饮水卫生监督执法任务日益繁重的形势下,显得尤为重要。根据卫生部《国家基本公共卫生服务规范》(2011年版)指导要求,社区卫生服务中心要建立健全卫生监督协管服务有关制度,配备专(兼职)人员负责协管服务工作,其服务内容包括协助卫生监督机构对饮用水卫生安全开展巡查工     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.