共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM]Ac)对壳聚糖具有良好的溶解能力。利用新一代旋转流变仪哈克MARSⅢ考察了壳聚糖[EMIM]Ac溶液的稳态流变和动态流变性能。稳态流变结果表明:当低黏均分子量壳聚糖离子液体溶液的质量分数在3%以下时,溶液呈牛顿性流体特征,高于此质量分数时溶液呈假塑性流体特征;壳聚糖离子液体溶液的黏度、结构黏度指数随着温度升高而降低;在同一质量分数下,溶液黏度随壳聚糖黏均分子量的增大而增加,溶液的恒剪切活化能黏流活化能随着剪切速率的增大而降低。动态流变结果表明:溶液的储能模量和损耗模量随着温度的升高而下降,储能模量与损耗模量存在一个交叉点,该交叉点随着温度升高向高频区移动。 相似文献
2.
采用100%可再生聚三亚甲基醚(PO3G)和聚乙二醇等与1,6-己基二异氰酸酯(HDI)反应合成了不同PO3G含量的聚氨酯(PU)水凝胶。利用傅里叶转变红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、动态热机械分析(DMA)、流变仪、扫描电镜(SEM)和力学性能测试等手段研究了PO3G含量对PU水凝胶结构与性能的影响。结果表明:随着PO3G质量分数的降低,PU的玻璃化转变温度升高,PU软段的结晶能力提高,PU的吸水溶胀度增加,初级溶胀行为由Fickian扩散转向non-Fickian扩散,PU水凝胶的储能模量和损耗模量均降低。随着PO3G质量分数增加,PU及其水凝胶的拉伸强度均显著增加。 相似文献
3.
4.
以1,4 丁二酸、1,4 丁二醇和1,2 己二醇为原料,采用直接熔融缩聚的方法,合成得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)和一系列聚(丁二酸丁二醇酯 co 丁二酸1,2 己二醇酯)(PBSH)共聚物。采用乌氏黏度计、1H NMR、DSC和流变仪等手段对其分子量、化学结构、热学性能、流变行为和力学性能进行研究。结果显示:随着1,2 己二醇摩尔分数的增加,相应PBS共聚酯的熔点(Tm)、结晶温度(Tc)、结晶度(Xc)、弯曲强度、拉伸强度逐渐降低,断裂伸长率明显增加;另外,1,2 己二醇的加入对PBS的零切黏度(η0)、储能模量(G′)和损耗模量(G″)也有一定的影响。 相似文献
5.
采用旋转黏度计和流变仪考察了含硅芳炔树脂(PSA)和含炔丙基苯并噁嗪(P BZ)共混改性PSA树脂熔体的流变行为,建立了树脂黏度 组分 温度的数学模型。结果表明,P BZ共混改性PSA树脂可使树脂的加工窗口变宽,树脂在90~130 ℃的黏度随温度升高而下降,PSA树脂的熔体黏度随P BZ的加入而降低,P BZ的加入提高了PSA树脂的加工适用性;PSA树脂的黏度可通过加入P BZ和升高加工温度进行预测和调控。PSA及其改性树脂的动态流变行为显示树脂熔体呈牛顿流体,P BZ降低了PSA树脂熔体的储能模量和复数黏度。用双阿仑尼乌斯方程对PSA及其改性树脂在160~190 ℃的等温黏时曲线进行拟合,得到的经验模型表明当PSA树脂共混入质量分数为10%的P BZ时,树脂的凝胶时间延长,而树脂凝胶固化活化能从84.50 kJ/mol降至54.83 kJ/mol。 相似文献
6.
首先以正己胺为引发剂,引发肌氨酸-N-羧酸内酸酐(Sar-NCA)和谷氨酸苄酯-N-内酸酐(BLG-NCA)进行开环聚合制备共聚物,该共聚物经水合肼改性得到无规共聚物聚肌氨酸-co-聚谷氨酸酰肼(PSar-co-PGH);然后用高碘酸钠氧化海藻酸钠制备了氧化海藻酸钠(ALG-CHO);最后将不同浓度的PSar-co-PGH溶液和ALG-CHO溶液进行物理混合,制备了水凝胶。聚合物结构分别采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)进行表征;采用扫描电镜、红外光谱和旋转流变仪分别对其凝胶机理和力学性能进行表征。探讨了pH对水凝胶形成的影响。结果表明:成功制备了基于PSar-co-PGH/ALG-CHO的pH响应性水凝胶,水凝胶的储能模量随着PSar-co-PGH浓度的增大而增大。 相似文献
7.
N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺分别与2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸或丙烯酸钠经自由基共聚,合成了聚电解质凝胶DS50和DA50,交联剂为N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。比较了DS50与DA50在不同pH值的缓冲溶液和不同组成的水-丙酮混合溶液中的溶胀特性,并观察到两种凝胶在水-丙酮混合溶液中都会发生体积相变,在上述两类溶液中DS50的溶胀比都比DA50大。测定了未溶胀的DS50的动态贮能模量G′和损耗模量G″,发现G′不随应变和角频率变化,讨论了平衡剪切模量Ge与凝胶中分子链密度的关系。同时还发现,将DS50在纯水中溶胀平衡时的有关实验数据代入Flory的凝胶状态方程并不能得到合理的相互作用参数值。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
研究了高吸水冻胶调剖堵水剂HSG成胶前溶胶体系的流变性能。通过考察主剂共聚物含量对溶胶体系表观粘度的影响,以及粘温特性、触变性、蠕变-回复、小幅振荡剪切应力扫描和频率扫描实验,确定了溶胶体系的流变性参数。结果表明:HSG溶胶体系的表观粘度随主剂共聚物含量增加而增大,随温度升高明显下降。HSG溶胶体系表现出正触变性,主剂共聚物含量越大,溶胶体系触变性越强。蠕变-回复实验表明:随共聚物含量的增加,溶胶体系弹性增强。通过小幅振荡剪切应力扫描、频率扫描实验得出随主剂共聚物含量增加,线性粘弹性区域变宽,储能模量、耗能模量和复合动态粘度变大。 相似文献
11.
同轴双圆筒流变仪中流体的惯性对测量结果有很大影响,作者给出了该类流变仪内非牛顿流体启动过程中的数值解。 相似文献
12.
采用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂配制含羟基磷灰石(HAP)的聚醚砜(PES)溶液,研究了PES-HAP-DMAc体系的流变曲线以及HAP的质量分数、混合溶液温度等对流变性能的影响。结果表明:混合溶液的非牛顿指数(n)随着温度的升高、HAP质量分数的增大而降低,表现为非牛顿流体。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
研究了聚对亚苯基苯并二噁唑(PBO)在强质子酸多聚磷酸(PPA)和甲基磺酸(MSA)溶液中的稳定性,包括溶液温度、超声波对PBO溶液稳定性的影响以及环境气氛对PBO溶液光稳定性的影响。结果表明:在避光条件下长期放置时,PBO-MSA溶液对于温度比较敏感,而PBO-PPA溶液即使在高温下也很稳定;PBO在MSA溶液中的化学降解可分为两部分:首先是PBO本身的酰胺弱键断链,其次是噁唑环开环形成酰胺键并断链;PBO-MSA溶液在超声波作用下的降解属于应力诱导降解,符合超声波降解断链的一般规律;PBO溶液在氮气气氛中对紫外光相对稳定,而在氧气中光降解速率很快。 相似文献
16.
17.
During exercise in the heat, sweat output often exceeds water intake, resulting in hypohydration, which is defined as a body fluid deficit. This fluid deficit is comprised of water loss from both the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments. Hypohydration during exercise causes a greater heat storage and reduces endurance in comparison with euhydration levels. The greater heat storage is attributed to a decreased sweating rate (evaporative heat loss) as well as a decreased cutaneous blood flow (dry heat loss). These response decrements have been attributed to both plasma hyperosmolality and a plasma hypovolemia. Subject gender, acclimation state, and aerobic fitness do not alter the increased heat storage when hypohydrated. Hyperhydration, or body fluid excess, does not seem to provide a clear advantage during exercise-heat stress, but will delay the development of hypohydration. 相似文献
18.
19.
T R Aryal 《Kathmandu University Medical Journal》2006,4(2):211-217
Introduction: Duration of post-partum amenorrhoea (PPA) is the period from the end of pregnancy to begin of menstruation. It is a temporary infecundable period. The attainment of first menstruation after delivery is treated as the termination of PPA. Objectives: The main aim of this paper is to investigate the differentials of the duration of PPA according to the characteristics of mothers and their child. Methods: The data are taken from a sample survey of Palpa and Rupandehi districts. A total of 1019 ever-married mothers were interviewed. 481 mothers were provided information on the duration of PPA to their last but one born child (retrospective status reporting). Survival analysis technique has been used. Results: It was found that the distribution of PPA showed a heaping at the multiple of three months. Mean duration of PPA was found to be ten months and it was higher among mothers of higher parity, older mothers and higher age at birth of child. Younger mothers have lower duration than that of the older. Mean duration was increased with the increased parity of mothers. A strong positive association was observed between the duration of PPA and breastfeeding (BF). The increased duration of PPA was found with the increased birth interval. The survival status of child was found a strong consequence on amenorrheaic period. Inverse association was found with education as well as high socioeconomic status of the family. A significant association was found with residential as well as caste/ethnic groups. Conclusion: Mean duration of PPA was found to be 10.6 months. Amenorrheaic period was found higher among mothers of higher parity, older ages, and higher age at birth of the child. A positive relationship was found with BF whereas inverse association was found with the level of education. Duration of PPA was decreased with the increased level of socio-economic status. 相似文献