超长方案在卵巢储备良好前次IVF/ICSI-ET失败患者中的应用分析

目的:评估超长降调节方案在卵巢储备良好前次IVF/ICSI-ET失败患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾分析246例卵巢储备功能良好前次IVF/ICSI-ET常规长方案失败再次行助孕治疗的患者,其中超长方案治疗52例为研究组,常规长方案治疗194例为对照组。结果:研究组Gn时间及获卵数均高于对照组(P<0.01);但优质胚胎数、Gn量、注射HCG日孕酮水平、移植日子宫内膜厚度、中-重度OHSS发生率与对照组比较均无明显统计学差异(P>0.05);研究组HCG阳性率、临床妊娠率均明显高于对照组,分别是:79.1%vs 61.1%,P=0.03;69.8%vs 54.9%,P=0.048,胚胎种植率有上升趋势(39.5%vs 31.5%,P=0.18)。结论:在前次卵巢反应良好IVF/ICSI-ET失败患者中超长方案较长方案子宫内膜容受性可能更好,妊娠结局明显改善,是值得推荐的治疗方案。     

绒促性素日孕酮水平对体外受精-胚胎移植结局预测价值研究

目的:探讨促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)激动剂与拮抗剂方案中注射人绒促性素(HCG)日孕酮(P)对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠结局的预测价值。方法:回顾性分析635例IVF-ET助孕患者的临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析和受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)探讨HCG日P对妊娠结局的预测价值,依据截断值将患者分为两组,比较不同HCG日P水平的临床资料及妊娠情况;并比较采用GnRH激动剂方案和拮抗剂方案的妊娠结局及HCG日P水平。结果:Logistic回归显示HCG日P是影响活产的危险性因素(OR 0.612,95%CI 0.480～0.780,P0.05),其截断值为5.29 nmol/L。HCG日P≥5.29 nmol/L组临床妊娠率(32.70%)与活产率(25.16%)显著低于P5.29 nmol/L组(56.93%,45.59%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。GnRH拮抗剂方案中HCG日P≥5.29 nmol/L的患者比例明显高于激动剂组(35.21%vs 21.50%,P0.05),而临床妊娠率、活产率及流产率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:升高的HCG日P水平降低了IVF-ET的临床妊娠率和活产率,是影响新鲜周期妊娠结局的危险因素,对IVF-ET妊娠结局具有一定的预测价值。GnRH激动剂与拮抗剂两种方案对HCG日P水平的影响程度尚需进一步研究。     

GnRH-a长方案和GnRH-ant方案在高龄患者IVF-ET中应用效果的比较

目的比较高龄患者应用促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（GnRH-a）长方案和促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂（GnRH-ant）方案行体外受精-胚胎移植（in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer,IVF-ET）的疗效,探讨适合高龄患者控制性卵巢刺激的方案。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2010年6月156例高生育年龄（35～40岁）不孕症女性在南方医科大学南方医院生殖医学中心行IVF-ET的临床资料,评估GnRH-a长方案和GnRH-ant方案的助孕效果。结果 GnRH-a长方案组和GnRH-ant方案组患者的促性腺激素（Gn）应用总量及hCG日孕激素（P）水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;但两组在Gn应用时间、hCG日雌二醇（E2）水平、hCG日子宫内膜厚度、获卵数、成熟卵子数、受精数和2PN数比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;同时,两组的hCG日黄体生成素（LH）水平比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;GnRH-a长方案组的临床妊娠率和着床率显著高于GnRH-ant方案组（P〈0.001）。结论高生育年龄患者IVF-ET中应用GnRH-a长方案的助孕结局优于GnRH-ant方案。     

不同方案GnRH-a降调节对轻中度子宫内膜异位症患者体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的:探讨不同方案促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)对轻中度子宫内膜异位症(EMT)患者行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)的助孕结局的影响。方法:选择成都市妇女儿童中心医院生殖中心269个IVF助孕周期(175例患者)进行回顾性分析,按GnRH-a的不同方案进行分组:超长方案组75例共102个周期(长效GnRH-a 3.75 mg)、长效长方案组69例共87个周期(长效GnRH-a 1.875 mg)及短效长方案组31例共80个周期(GnRH-a 0.1 mg)。比较3种降调节方案的助孕情况及妊娠结局。结果:超长方案组中Gn用量及Gn天数均多于长效长方案组及短效长方案组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。长效长方案组胚胎种植率、生化妊娠率及临床妊娠率高于超长方案组及短效长方案组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),超长方案组与短效方案组相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于接受IVF助孕的轻中度EMT患者采用长效长方案降调节可能更有利于提高EMT不孕患者的临床妊娠率。     

改良超长方案对子宫内膜异位症患者IVF/ICSI妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨改良超长方案对子宫内膜异位症患者在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)/卵细胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)的应用及其对妊娠结局的影响。方法:对65例子宫内膜异位症患者长效长方案助孕未孕之后行改良超长方案(n=65),比较两种方案促性腺激素启动前一日黄体生成素(LH)水平、注射绒促性素(HCG)日LH水平、孕酮(P)水平、雌激素(E2)水平、P/E2比值、子宫内膜厚度、促排天数、用药量、平均获卵数、受精率、优胚率,且统计改良超长方案组着床率、临床妊娠率、活产率等。结果:与长效长方案组相比,改良超长方案组Gn启动前一日LH水平(2.54±0.87 U/L vs 1.04±1.76 U/L,P=0.000)、HCG日LH水平(1.39±0.66 U/L vs 1.01±0.52 U/L,P=0.000)、P/E2比值(0.42±0.25 vs 0.32±0.17,P=0.010)均明显下降,而HCG日E2(657.86±260.39 pmol/L vs 781.11±401.34 pmol/L,P=0.040)、促排卵用药量(2425.19±868.56 U vs 3172.31±1137.67 U,P=0.000)明显增加。虽其他指标无明显差异,但改良超长方案组受精率[(64.22±24.03)%vs(75.49±19.1)%,P=0.004]明显增加。改良超长方案组着床率39.26%,临床妊娠率64.41%,活产率45.76%。结论:改良超长方案有助于改善子宫内膜异位症患者IVF/ICSI妊娠结局。     

卵泡期长效长方案在卵巢储备良好但前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败患者中的应用:一项自身对照研究

目的:探讨卵泡期长效长方案对卵巢储备功能良好但前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败患者的妊娠结局是否有所改善。方法:回顾性分析106例前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败后行卵泡期长效长方案再次助孕的卵巢储备功能良好(AFC5)患者212个周期的临床资料,按照促排卵方案分为黄体期短效长方案(A组)与卵泡期长效长方案(B组)。结果:Gn启动日E2值、hCG注射日E2值和子宫内膜厚度以及移植胚胎数组间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。B组Gn启动日、hCG注射日血LH值和早期流产率均显著低于A组(P0.001),而Gn使用总剂量、Gn使用天数、获卵数、MII卵数、MII卵率、2PN数、可移植胚胎数、胚胎种植率、生化妊娠及临床妊娠率均显著高于A组(P0.001)。结论:在卵巢储备功能良好但前次黄体期短效长方案助孕失败的女性中,再次助孕采用卵泡期长效长方案可显著提高获卵数及卵子质量,并显著提高妊娠率,降低早期流产率,是理想的治疗方案。     

不同促排方案在卵巢低反应患者中的应用比较

目的:通过分析我院卵巢低反应患者行不同促排卵方案的治疗结局,为低反应患者寻找一种最佳的治疗方案.方法:回顾分析2009年1月至2010年12月我院行IVF/ICSI助孕的低反应患者452例.根据治疗方案将患者分为4组:第1组(改良超长方案组)94例,第2组(长方案组)40例,第3组(短方案组)170例,第4组(拮抗剂组)148例.比较各组患者的治疗结局.结果:改良超长方案组患者的HCG日子宫内膜厚度、受精率、着床率均显著高于其他3组(P＜0.05)；而流产率显著低于其他3组(P＜0.05).改良超长方案与长方案组的临床妊娠率、抱婴率均显著高于其他2组(P＜0.05).结论:对于卵巢储备功能下降的低反应患者,采用改良超长方案助孕可以获得可观的等同于长方案的临床妊娠率和抱婴率,是值得推荐的一种治疗方案.     

不同预处理促性腺激素拮抗剂方案在超促排卵中应用的临床分析

目的:探讨如何在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)周期中更有效地运用拮抗剂方案。方法:回顾性分析319个使用拮抗剂方案进行IVF-ET无输卵管积液、无内膜息肉及无子宫解剖结构异常的新鲜移植周期。根据拮抗剂治疗前使用短效激动剂(n=125,A组)、口服避孕药(达英-35)(n=113,B组)和未处理组(n=81,C组)分组,比较各组患者的年龄、促性腺激素(Gn)使用天数和剂量、注射hCG日LH和E2水平、获卵数、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率等。同时以261个促性腺激素激动剂长方案移植周期为对照组(D组)作进一步对比。结果:C组年龄(32.9±4.8岁)较其它组年龄明显偏大,P<0.05;A和B组Gn使用剂量大于C组,其中A组明显增多(P<0.01);A和B组hCG注射日LH水平均较C组明显低,其中A组LH值最低(P<0.01);A组获卵数最多(P<0.05);B组子宫内膜最薄(P<0.01)。3组的受精率、优质胚胎率均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。A组、B组和C组临床妊娠率分别为:32.8%、17.7%和37.0%,B组临床妊娠率显著低于A、C组(P<0.01)。C组、D组间临床妊娠率比较无统计学差异(37.0%vs 40.2%,P>0.05);C组Gn使用的时间和剂量均比D组明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:在IVF-ET中GnRH拮抗剂治疗前使用达必佳预处理未能提高妊娠率,使用过达因-35避孕的患者妊娠率明显下降,而未使用任何药物的患者接受GnRH拮抗剂超促排卵方案,能获得比较好的临床结局。     

IVF-ET中卵巢低反应患者拮抗剂方案中应用生长激素的研究

目的:研究卵巢低反应(POR)患者采用拮抗剂方案加用生长激素(GH)对子宫内膜容受性及妊娠结局的影响。方法:对采用拮抗剂方案促排卵行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕的188例POR患者的资料进行回顾性分析。以加用GH者为研究组(n=98),其余不加用GH者为对照组(n=90),比较组间的临床资料、实验室数据及妊娠结局,以评估GH治疗对POR患者的临床疗效。结果:研究组的Gn使用时间、Gn RH-A使用时间及总Gn使用量显著少于对照组,而获卵数、MII卵子数、受精卵数、优质胚胎数、h CG注射日血E2水平均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);h CG注射日子宫内膜厚度组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但研究组子宫内膜血流改善显著,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率、种植率、活产率略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于POR患者,GH改善了子宫内膜血流,可能提高了子宫内膜容受性,但对妊娠结局没有改善。     

不同超促排卵方案对高龄患者体外受精结局影响的研究

目的:探讨两种不同超促排卵方案对接受体外受精胚胎移植(IVF-ET)手术的高龄不孕患者卵泡液中IL-15、IL-18、IL-12/IL-23亚基p40水平及妊娠结局的影响,以及高龄患者最佳的超促排卵方案。方法:选择2008年4月～2008年12月在我院行IVF-ET手术的40例年龄35～43岁的不孕妇女为研究对象,随机分为两组,A组用促性腺激素激动剂+促性腺激素(GnRH-a+Gn)短方案,B组用促性腺激素拮抗剂+促性腺激素(GnRH-ant+Gn)的超促排卵(COH)方案,测定两组患者HCG注射日、取卵日、胚胎移植日外周血甾体激素水平及取卵日卵泡液IL-15和IL-12/IL-23亚单位p40的浓度,比较两组患者的周期结局。结果:B组患者的HCG注射日血清E2值和卵泡液IL-15含量低于A组,移植日P水平高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A组Gn用药天数、剂量、移植日E2水平高于B组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组卵泡液E2和P水平、获卵数、受精率、优质胚胎率、流产率和卵泡液细胞因子IL-18、IL-12/IL-23亚基p40含量无统计学差异(P0.05)。B组临床妊娠率高于A组(45%vs 35%),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:接受IVF-ET手术的高龄不孕患者,临床选择促性腺激素拮抗剂+促性腺激素的超促排卵方案可获得较好的妊娠结局。     

GnRH antagonist versus long GnRH agonist protocol in poor IVF responders: a randomized clinical trial

Objective

To compare the efficacy of the long GnRH agonist and the fixed GnRH antagonist protocols in IVF poor responders.

Study design

This was a randomized controlled trial performed in the Iakentro IVF centre, Thessaloniki, from January 2007 to December 2011, concerning women characterised as poor responders after having 0–4 oocytes retrieved at a previous IVF cycle. They were assigned at random, using sealed envelopes, to either a long GnRH agonist protocol (group I) or a GnRH antagonist protocol (group II).

Results

Overall 364 women fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were allocated to the two groups: finally 330 participated in our trial. Of these, 162 were treated with the long GnRH agonist protocol (group I), and 168 with the fixed GnRH antagonist protocol (group II). Numbers of embryos transferred and implantation rates were similar between the two groups (P = NS). The overall cancellation rate was higher in the antagonist group compared to the agonist group, but the difference was not significant (22.15% vs. 15.2%, P = NS). Although clinical pregnancy rates per transfer cycle were not different between the two groups (42.3% vs. 33.1%, P = NS), the clinical pregnancy rate per cycle initiated was significantly higher in the agonist compared to the antagonist group (35.8% vs. 25.6%, P = 0.03).

Conclusions

Although long GnRH agonist and fixed GnRH antagonist protocols seem to have comparable pregnancy rates per transfer in poor responders undergoing IVF, the higher cancellation rate observed in the antagonist group suggests the long GnRH agonist protocol as the first choice for ovarian stimulation in these patients.     

The use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist in a flexible protocol: a pilot study

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a flexible protocol of starting gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist according to the size of the leading follicle. STUDY DESIGN: This was a pilot study that included 123 couples who were undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles at the Egyptian IVF-ET Center. Couples were recruited into two groups: group I (n=64), gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist was administered when the diameter of the leading follicle reached 16 mm; group II (n=59), gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist was administered on day 6 of stimulation. RESULTS: The mean number of antagonist injections was significantly lower in the flexible protocol compared to the fixed protocol (3.4+/-1.1 vs 5.3+/-1.8, P<.05). There was no significant difference between the two protocols regarding the number of embryos, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.45-1.59) or multiple pregnancy rate (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.45-3.51). CONCLUSION: Starting the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist according to the size of the leading follicle is as effective as starting on a fixed day and reduces the antagonist administration.     

GnRH-a联合低剂量HCG诱发卵母细胞成熟在行PGD/PGS助孕患者中的应用

目的:探讨促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂(GnRH-ant)方案中促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)联合低剂量绒促性素(HCG)扳机对行胚胎植入前遗传学诊断/筛查(PGD/PGS)助孕患者促排卵的效果。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2016年3月在我院因女方染色体异常行GnRH-ant方案中GnRH-a联合低剂量HCG双扳机诱导卵泡成熟的PGD/PGS助孕患者79例(A组),根据年龄、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)、基础卵泡刺激素(FSH)匹配选取行拮抗剂方案促排卵并单纯使用HCG扳机诱导卵泡成熟患者79例(B组)作对照,比较两组促排卵特点及促排卵结局。结果:两组促性腺激素总量、促排天数、HCG日雌二醇(E2)、HCG日孕酮(P)、HCG日黄体生成素(LH)、回收卵数、2个原核(2PN)数、第3天(D3)胚胎数、活检正常胚胎数、新发异常率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与B组相比,A组获成熟卵数、D3优质胚胎数、形成囊胚数、优质囊胚数及优质囊胚率明显升高(P0.05),检测后正常的胚胎数虽然两组差异无统计学意义,但A组有升高趋势,两组OHSS发生率无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:GnRH-ant方案中GnRH-a联合HCG诱发卵母细胞成熟改善了行PGD/PGS助孕患者促排结局。     

The decrease of serum luteinizing hormone level by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist following the mild IVF stimulation protocol for IVF and its clinical outcome

Purpose While performing the mild ovarian stimulation protocol with a GnRH antagonist, the pregnancy rate was compared between the groups, which were divided by the degree that the luteinizing hormone (LH) level decreased. Materials and methods Patients aged 27 to 42years (36.1 ± 3.79) underwent 308 IVF cycles who opted for IVF via the mild ovarian stimulation protocol began clomiphene citrate on day 3 and recombinant FSH on day 5. A GnRH antagonist was administered when the dominant follicle reached 14mm. Serum LH was measured at the time of GnRH antagonist administration and at the time of hCG injection. The pregnancy rate and implantation rate were compared between 50 cycles in which the LH level dropped less than one-third and the control (LH level within 1/3). Result(s) The pregnancy rate for the group in which the LH level fell less than one third was 18%. Conversely, the pregnancy rate for the control group was 39%. The implantation rate was 18% for the less than one-third group and 26% for the control group. Both the pregnancy rate and the implantation rate for the group in which the LH level fell less than one-third were significantly lower than that of control (p < 0.02). Conslusion(s) When performing the mild ovarian stimulation protocol, serum LH should be followed. If the serum LH level is less than one-third at the time of hCG injection, both the pregnancy rate and implantation rate are significantly lower. Capsule If the serum LH level is less than one-third at the time of hCG injection, both the pregnancy rate and implantation rate are significantly lower following the Mild IVF stimulation protocol.     

Mild stimulation with clomiphene citrate in combination with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist and its influence on serum estradiol level and pregnancy rate

Aim:  The mild ovarian stimulation protocol for in vitro fertilization (IVF) is carried out to minimize adverse side-effects as well as cost. While performing mild ovarian stimulation with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, the pregnancy rate was examined in cases that exhibited a serum estradiol (E2) drop down.
Methods:  In this study, 174 patients who requested mild ovarian stimulation for IVF began clomiphene citrate on day 3 and recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on day 5 of their menstrual cycles. A GnRH antagonist was administered when the dominant follicle reached a diameter of 14 mm. Serum luteinizing hormone and estradiol were measured at the time of GnRH antagonist administration and at the time of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection. Pregnancy rates and implantation rates were compared between 24 cycles in which the E2 level fell at the time of hCG injection and 150 cycles in which it did not fall.
Results:  The pregnancy rate in the cases in which the E2 level fell (25% decrease) at the time of hCG injection was significantly lower than it was in the cases in which it did not fall (16.7 vs 41.0%). The implantation rate for the cases in which the E2 level fell was also lower than that of the control group (7.0 vs 31.0%). There was no significant difference in the number of good-quality embryos between the two groups.
Conclusion:  When performing the mild ovarian stimulation protocol, serum E2 should be followed. It is prudent to avoid embryo transfer in the same cycle in cases that exhibit E2 drop down. (Reprod Med Biol 2008; 7 : 85–89)     

GnRH拮抗剂方案中HCG扳机时机对胚胎的影响

目的:探讨促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂(GnRH antagonist)方案超促排卵过程中推迟人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)扳机时机对胚胎质量及妊娠率等的影响。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至12月在我院接受体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕的不孕症患者183例,均采用GnRH拮抗剂促排方案,于月经周期第2天启用促性腺激素(Gn),当有卵泡平均直径达到14mm,加用GnRH拮抗剂。按照传统HCG扳机时机(有3个≥17mm卵泡)与推迟1天扳机分为2组:早期HCG组(149例)和晚期HCG组(34例),比较两组数据。结果:HCG扳机日,晚期HCG组≥15mm的卵泡数明显多于早期HCG组(P=0.026)。晚期HCG组Gn使用天数及Gn使用总量均明显高于早期HCG组(P=0.000,P=0.012)。妊娠结局方面,晚期HCG组较早期HCG组具有更高的妊娠率(76.00%vs 50.45%,P=0.020)。两组受精率、继续妊娠率、流产率、异位妊娠率均无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:GnRH拮抗剂促排方案中,适当推迟HCG扳机时间不影响胚胎质量和妊娠率,可以推行。     

两种促排卵方案用于卵巢储备功能下降患者的自身对照研究#br#

Objective?To analyze self-control study of the progestin-primed ovarian stimulation(PPOS) and antagonist protocol in the patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Methods?A retrospective analysis was performed on 56 DOR patients receiving IVF/ICSI-ET in our hospital from January 2017 to July 2020. All patients were treated with antagonist protocol and PPOS protocol, the ovulation induction and pregnancy outcome were compared between the two ovulation induction schemes. Results?There were no statistical difference in the basic situation of Gn on launch day, AFC, the duration and total doses of gonadotropin, E2 levels and number of follicles≥14 mm on trigger day, number of retrieved oocytes, MⅡ oocytes, 2PN embryos, normal fertilization rate, high quality embryo rate, cycle cancellation rate, implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate among the two groups (P＞0.05). The LH levels on trigger day [(6.11±6.33) U/L vs. (3.05±2.59) U/L], premature LH surge rate (17.86% vs. 1.79%), cycle cancellation rate (41.07% vs. 26.79%) in the antagonist group were significantly higher than those in the PPOS group (P＜0.05), while the available embryos rate (66.67% vs. 86.06%) was lower than PPOS group. Conclusions?The ovulation induction and pregnancy outcome of the two protocols were comparable for patients with DOR, while PPOS protocols can more effectively control the occurrence of premature LH surge, improve the embryo utilization rate, reduce cycle cancellation rate.     

改良超长方案在卵巢储备功能低下高龄患者中的应用

目的:探讨改良超长方案行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕的高龄(年龄≥40岁)且卵巢储备功能低下(窦卵泡3~7个)患者的治疗结局。方法:采用随机对照前瞻研究的方法,将行IVF-ET的120例高龄且卵巢储备功能低下患者随机分成:改良超长方案组(A组,n=55)和拮抗剂方案组(B组,n=65),比较A、B组间IVF-ET结局。结果:A组的Gn使用总量(3 955.2±1194.3 IU)、Gn使用天数(11.7±1.9 d)、hCG注射日E2水平(2 452.7±1 285.6 pg/ml),hCG注射日子宫内膜厚度(12.1±2.3 mm)均明显高于B组(分别为2 022.5±610.1 IU、9.1±1.7 d、1 257.7±696.0 pg/ml、11.3±2.0 mm),P<0.05;周期取消率、优质胚胎率、妊娠率、着床率、流产率、宫外孕发生率组间均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。A组hCG注射日LH水平(1.0±0.5 mIU/ml)及P/E2值(0.3±0.2)明显低于B组(3.4±2.4 mIU/ml及0.5±0.2),P<0.05。结论:改良超长方案经过GnRHa的预处理,使患者充分降调节,hCG注射日可以获得良好的LH水平、P/E2值及内膜厚度;而hMG的使用,既可降低患者费用,又可以适当补充LH,提高子宫内膜容受性。因此,对于高龄且卵巢储备功能低下的患者,改良超长方案是一个经济有效的治疗选择。     

Antagonist rescue of agonist IVF cycle at risk of OHSS: a case series

We describe a series of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) long protocol cycles presenting a risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) which were rescued with an antagonist at a university-based tertiary-care fertility centre. Nineteen IVF patients presenting a risk of OHSS during treatment with long protocol, between 2009 and November 2012 were included in the present study. After discussion of available options, the agonist was stopped and a daily gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist injection was initiated (“rescue protocol”) and maintained until ovulation trigger. Fourteen patients were triggered with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and five with GnRH agonist bolus, yielding competent oocytes. Seventeen embryo transfers were performed in the fresh cycles. One patient developed moderate OHSS. There were eight clinical pregnancies after the fresh IVF cycle (42% per patient), and six further pregnancies after frozen-thawed cycles, resulting in a 73% cumulative clinical pregnancy rate within one year. We conclude that the “rescue protocol with antagonist” of the long IVF cycle with a high risk of OHSS allows us to carry on with the cycle, without compromising its success or the patient safety, thus broadening the possibility of applying the long protocol.     

Minimal ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization using sequential clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin with or without the addition of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist

OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of a minimal-stimulation protocol with those of a standard protocol used for IVF. DESIGN: Retrospective, controlled study. SETTING: University center. PATIENT(S): Fifty-five patients undergoing IVF using a minimal-stimulation protocol with or without adjuvant therapy with a GnRH antagonist. A control group consisted of age- and diagnosis-matched patients undergoing a standard long GnRH agonist (GnRH-a)-gonadotropin stimulation during the same time period. INTERVENTION(S): Clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins, with or without the GnRH antagonist ganirelix. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Oocytes recovered and pregnancy rates. RESULT(S): The number of oocytes retrieved was significantly lower for the minimal-stimulation regimen compared with the case of the long GnRH-a protocol (4.8 +/- 2.6 vs. 16.2 +/- 7.5, respectively). The clinical pregnancy rate per transfer, however, was not significantly different between the two regimens (37% vs. 41%, minimal stimulation vs. long GnRH-a protocol, respectively). The addition of ganirelix resulted in at least the same pregnancy outcome as compared with the case of cycles without the antagonist. CONCLUSION(S): Minimal stimulation using clomiphene citrate followed by gonadotropin for IVF results in pregnancy rates equal to the standard long GnRH-a-gonadotropin protocol. The addition of ganirelix resulted in at least similar results with the advantage of eliminating the occurrence of a premature endogenous LH surge.