七年制医学生急诊医学临床实习教学实践与思考

本文回顾了七年制医学生急诊医学临床实习教学的实践,初步探讨了本门课程的临床实习教学规律.针对教学活动中存在的问题,结合当前医疗环境,实施了转变急诊医学临床实习教学理念,优化教学方法,注重培养急诊医学临床思维能力,加强急救技能培训,提高医患沟通能力与技巧,强化医疗、科研综合素质,建立和谐平等师生关系等举措,取得了良好的教学效果.

Abstract：

In this paper the writer reviewed the experience gained from the clinical teaching of emergence medicine of seven-year program students and primarily explored the teaching principles of this clinical course. Targeted at solving the problems found in teaching activities and taking the current medical environment into account, the writer proposed the following clinical teaching methods to achieve a better effect With the transformation of clinical emergence medicine teaching philosophy, the clinical teaching should lay its focuses on the cultivation of capability of scientific thinking and the practical skill training of clinical emergence medicine. Besides, the enhanced communication skills between doctor and patient, the strengthened comprehensive quality of medical practice and scientific research of teachers and the establishment of equal and harmonious teacher-student relationship would contribute greatly to the improvement of clinical teaching as well.     

特色专业视野下临床医学专业建设的探索与实践

在深化医疗卫生体制改革、促进医疗卫生事业发展中,临床医学专业人才发挥着重要的作用.根据特色专业建设的目标和原则,参照国家医学教育标准,结合社会需求和教学实际,南华大学医学院调整临床医学专业人才培养目标和专业方向,突出医学人文教育和临床技能培养,强化学科建设和优秀团队建设,创新教学模式和教学方法,以期提高专业人才的培养质量.

Abstract：

The clinical medical profession als play great roles in deepening the reform of medical system and promoting the development of medical and health services. According to the goals and principles of the program construction and national standards in medical education, combined with social needs and practical teaching, Medical School of University of South China adjusted the personnel training target and direction of professional education and emphasis on medical humanities, clinical skills, strengthening discipline construction and excellent team construction, innovating teaching model and teaching method, in the hope of improving the quality of talent cultivation.     

坚持"早正严实"教学指导原则着力培养合格临床医生

本文概述了中山大学医学教育近10年来,传承"三基三严"优良教育传统,创新"三早教育模式",坚持"早正严实"教学指导原则,强化医学生职业素质、实践能力和创新能力,培养合格医学生的理念和实践,以期为学院教育医学生的培养提供借鉴.

Abstract：

This paper presents an overview on the school-running concept and practice of the Medical School of SUN Yat-sen University in recent decade. While inheriting the fine educational tradition of Three "Bs" and Three "Ss" ( emphasizing the mastery of basic theories, basic knowledge and basic skills, as well as the development of serious attitudes, strict operating and stringent requirements for a high standard level ) , we established the Three-early-involvement Educational Model (early involvement in clinic practice, early involvement in scientific research, and early involvement in social practice ). In light of the integrated principles simplified as "earliness, integrity, strictness and solidity" in medical education (including the three-early-involvements; professional morality and medical ethics; the "Three Ss" and "Three Bs" ; solid clinical basics and sound monitoring) , we consolidated the professional quality, practical and innovative abilities of medical students in the cultivation qualified medical graduates. The paper can provide favorable reference for other medical schools in the training of qualified medical students.     

基于学生创新能力培养的基础医学实验教学改革

目的 提高基础医学实验教学在培养学生创新能力中的作用.方法调整上海交通大学医学院基础医学实验教学架构,重组综合性基础医学教学实验室和课程体系.结果 构建了多学科交叉融合的整合式实验教学课程体系:基础性实验、综合性实验和设计性实验;实施了"以探究为基础学习"的教学方法;编写了多学科整合式实验教材;研发了数字化虚拟实验,创新了实验教学手段;建立了多元化、综合考核方式,评价实验教学质量.结论 基础医学实验教学改革有利于学生实践能力和创新能力的培养.

Abstract：

Objective To enhance the role of basic medical experiment teaching in the cultivation of the innovative capabilities of medical students. Methods Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine adjusted the current teaching structure of the basic medical experiments, reorganized laboratories to build a new system of basic medical experiment teaching and a new laboratory of comprehensive basic medical science. Results A multi-disciplinary and integrated experimental curriculum including basic medical experiments, comprehensive medical experiments and designed experiments were constructed, a teaching method entitled research based learning was established, a new integrated multidisciplinary experimental teaching books were compiled. In addition, the medical school also innovates the current ways of experimental teaching by researching and developing digital virtual experiments. The experimental teaching was roundly evaluated through polynomial and comprehensive evaluation system. Conclusions The teaching reform of the basic medical experiments is beneficial in the cultivation of the innovative capabilities of medical students.     

高等医学长学制教育研究主题的文献计量学分析

长学制教育是培养高层次医学人才的主要途径之一,在此分析了近年来发表的有关高等医学长学制教育的期刊论文中的关键词,在统计频次获得高频关键词的基础上,根据高频关键词的基础上,根据高频关键词共现次数对其进行聚类分析;由此分析出目前我国关于长学制医学教育研究的主要结构和方向为:长学制教育的宏观规划、教学模式和教学体制、长学制教学实践.该结果可以为进一步开展相关研究提供参考.

Abstract：

The long-year program for medical education is the major way to train the high level medical professionals.This paper colleeted the research papers on this topic published in Chinese journals in recent years,extracted their key words and counted the high frequent key words According to the co-occurrence of a pair of key words in one paper.these high frequent keywords were clustered into groups.The research structure and main directions of the long-year program were outlined as the study of macro-planning of long-year program,the study of teaching models and teaching system,study of teaching practice.These results could be a useful reference for the medical educational researchers and managers.     

把握医学教育发展趋势推进本科医学教育改革

医学教育的目标在于培养优秀的医生,把握医学教育发展趋势,才能有力推进医学院校本科医学教育教学改革,提高医学教育质量.在此,从课程计划、教学内容、教学策略与方法以及评价方式等方面分析了国际国内医学教育改革和发展趋势,介绍了重庆医科大学搭建"教学与科研相互促进、医学与人文相互融合、知识与能力同步提高"的教育教学大平台,在管理体制、人才培养模式、课程计划以及评价方式等方面进行改革方面的思路和做法.

Abstract：

The goal of medical education is to train good doctors.Only by understanding the trend of medical education development,call medical schools effectively promote educational reform and improve the quality of medical education.In this paper,we analyze the trend of course plans,teaching content,teaching strategies and the evaluation mode of the domestic and international medical education reform and development,introduce the ideas and practices in reform of management system,training pattern,course plans and assessment methods based on the education platform of"mutual promotion of teaching and research,mutual integration of medicine and humanities and simultaneous improvement of knowledge and ability"in Chongqing Medical University.     

Distance Education as a Tool for Training Veterinarians in Laboratory Animal Medicine

With increasing globalization and a trend towards international harmonization of standards for the care and use of animals in research and testing,there is a significant need to assist and support countries to develop training programs for laboratory animal veterinarians.Although formal educational opportunities for training laboratory animal veterinarians exist through well-established specialty colleges of laboratory animal medicine such as ACLAM,ECLAM,JCLAM,and KCLAM or through other professional organisations,such as the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations(FELASA),opportunities for participating in these programs are often limited to veterinarians in North America,Western Europe and specific regions of Asia.Creative thinking is required to develop cost-effective,practical,entry-level and advanced continuing education and applied training programs for veterinarians working in the field of laboratory animal medicine around the world.This paper will describe one potential solution for this issue,the use of a distance education program that provides theoretical information in a virtual classroom with applied training modules to deliver knowledge and practical skills to laboratory animal veterinarians.This type of program takes advantage of the online learning environment and can be an effective means to deliver training at the grassroots level to adult learners.     

社区医学新课程体系的构建与实施

目的 初步构建临床医学专业适用的社区医学新课程体系,促进临床医学专业学生树立预防保健的整体观念,提高其社区卫生服务能力.方法 结合我国实际情况,通过借鉴国内外院校社区医学教学经验,对武汉市相关社区卫生服务中心进行实地考察和调研,收集资料,形成社区医学新课程教学大纲、教学计划及评估方法并付诸实施.结果 通过实施初步构建的社区医学新课程体系,学生初步树立了预防保健整体观念,社区卫生服务的能力得到了提高.结论 初步构建的社区医学新课程体系符合当前我国深化医药卫生体制改革的方向,有利于临床医学专业学生树立社区预防保健整体观和提高社区卫生服务能力.

Abstract：

Objective To construct a new curriculum system of community medicine that could promote clinical medical students to form a concept of preventive health care as a whole and improve their abilities to serve for community health. Methods On the basis of the interrelated data that collected after the inspection and investigation in some community health service centers in Wuhan City, the syllabus, teaching programs and assessment methods of the new curriculum of community medicine were constructed and put into effect according to the actual situation in China as well as some teaching experiences of community medicine from domestic and overseas colleges. Results The concept of preventive health care as a whole was constructed among clinical medical students and their abilities of community health service was improved after the implementation of new curriculum system. Conclusions The new curriculum system fits with the current reformation of medical and health system in China and benefit a lot for clinical medical students to built a concept of preventive health care as a whole and improve their abilities to serve for community health.     

病原生物学课程教学中创新教育的实施和探索

基础医学是医学教育的重要组成部分,而创新教育已成为现代医学教育的特征.从军校医学教育理念、教学模式、培养目标及能力训练等创新思维和素质培养环节人手,在病原生物学教学中,对调动学生的学习积极性和主动性、培养学生的创新思维和能力进行探讨与实践.

Abstract：

The basic medication is an important part of the medical education and modem medical education has been characterized by innovative education. From innovative thoughte and quality training links as education concept, teaching mode, knowledge structure, training of method and ability, the research explores and practices how to stimulate the students' activity and consciousness, in the process the education of pathogenic biology to cultivate their innovative thinking ability.     

上海中医药大学教师发展中心建设的策略与实践

教师专业发展是当前教育改革实践中提出的具有重大意义的战略问题,优秀教师、专业团队的培养直接关系到学校的教育水平与质量.对医学院校而言,在探究人才培养模式和深化教育改革的过程中,在中青年占大多数的教师群体中,如何落实"教师为主导、学生为中心"的教学理念,也有赖于教师专业化成长模式的建立和完善.本文以上海中医药大学教师发展中心建设为例,对现阶段开展教师专业发展工作的重要性和解决相关问题的有效策略进行了探讨.

Abstract：

Teachers' professionalism development is an issue of strategic importance in current education reform. The fostering of excellent teachers and teaching teams has direct impacts on the quality of education. With the deepening of cultivation model reform and education reform, for medical colleges in which early-to-middle aged teachers hold great majority, implementing "teacher-led, student-centered" teaching philosophy relies on the establishment and development of teachers' professional training model. The article takes Center of Faculty development (CFD) of Shanghai TCM University as an example, discusses the importance, problems as well as tactics of teachers' professional development in nowadays.     

病原生物学实验教学新模式

以抗血清制备实验为切入点,将医学免疫学孤立的验证性实验,根据其内在联系整合为综合性、开放性系列实验,构建以综合能力培养为主线的免疫学实验教学体系,致力于学生的科研素质、创新精神和动手能力培养,获得了非常好的实验教学效果,这为医学免疫学实验教学改革与创新提供了宝贵经验。     

基础医学"三理"课程整合研究

为适应现代化医学教育的发展以及与国际已实施的医疗专业基础医学课程整合相接轨，从基础医学课程生理学、病理学和药理学三门课程整合着手，紧密结合医疗专业特点针对性较强地就课程体系、教学内容、教学方法和手段等多方面进行探索和研究。以构建医疗实用技术和创新能力培养为主线的复合型医疗人才培养模式。     

医学数学教学中创新能力的培养

培养学生运用数学知识解决实际问题的能力是医学数学教育的一个难点。本文分析了当前医学数学教学中存在的问题。针对学生创新能力和综合素质的培养,提出了在医学数学教学中引入实验环节的教学改革方案,并对教学改革所涉及的各方面问题进行了论述。     

培养药学专业应用型人才的药理学实验教学改革与探索

培养具有较强动手能力、创新思维和科研能力的新型应用型人才是的医药卫生市场的需要,为提高应用型药学人才培养质量,对药理学实验课程体系、教学内容、教学方法和手段、考核评价机制等多个教学环节进行改革与探索,提高了药学专业学生的动手能力、创新能力和科研能力。     

免疫学相关的诺贝尔奖与学生创新能力培养

通过总结历界诺贝尔奖内容与医学免疫学教学内容的相关性,将免疫相关的诺贝尔奖与课堂教学相结合,将诺贝尔奖获得者的典型事例和研究经历融入课堂教学,以近年诺贝尔奖内容为基础,设计大学生创新实验,推动医学免疫学教学改革,促进创新人才培养。     

如何在教学中培养医学生的创新思维

培养高素质医学人才是高等医学教育的核心和目标。必须从以下方面来培养医学生的创新思维:首先在教学中侧重培养医学生创新思维;其次实验教学是提高医学生实践创新能力的重要手段,同时是培养高素质医学创新人才的重要环节;再次在临床实践当中应进一步强化创新思维。如何建立全新的完善的考核系统;师者,传道授业解惑也,教师除了要不断拓展自身的专业知识面,更要注重创新意识和能力的培养和提高,进一步加强自身素质建设;最后指出制约实践创新的因素。本文通过分析医学生的创新思维的培养方法及制约思维创新的因素,深刻揭示医学生的创新思维如何被激发和获得提高,进一步倡议尽快完善我国的医学院学生培养方案及进行高等教育体制改革,以培养二十一世纪具有创新思维和实践能力的高素质医学人才。在高等医学教育中,我们应努力学习,不断总结,深入推进教学改革,着力提高医学生的科研能力和综合素质,积极构建适合中国国情的创新医学人才培养模式。     

医学院校在教学质量与教学改革工程建设中存在的问题与对策

高等医学类院校的教学质量与教学改革工程建设是培养医学类学生自主学习能力、实践能力、创新能力、可持续发展能力的关键环节。为了提高高等医学院校本科教学质量,结合当前医学院校在教学质量与教学改革工程建设中存在的问题和医学综合的发展趋势,从自身优势出发,建立完善的医学院校教学质量与教学改革工程建设评估体系,以创新质量工程为主要形式,科学合理制订人才培养计划,在培养学生基本能力素质的同时,通过有效的共享知识平台建立良性推动机制,采用现代化的教学手段和教学方法,为国家培养优秀的创新型医学人才。     

从实验教学入手培养医学生的创新能力

实验教学是培养学生创新思维和实践能力的重要环节和途径。更新教学观念,加快实验教学改革,完善相关教学体制的建设,对于培养和提高医学生创新能力具有重要意义。     

创新型医学本科人才培养体系的构建与实践

近年来,随着医学教育改革不断深入和推进,我国医学教育理论研究和实践工作也进入飞跃阶段。2004年,医学院实施的长学制临床医学专业改革标志着医学教育工作进入了一个崭新的发展阶段。文章对创新型医学本科人才培养体系的教学理念构建、课程设置变化、教学方法改良和评估体系调整等进行综合分析和论述,并总结该体系实施后在创新引领变革、推动学术交流、教学助力院誉、模拟实践医学和完善教学体系等方面取得的初步成果。     

病原生物学与免疫学创新型实验教学体系建设研究

本研究依托P2实验室实践平台,对病原生物学与免疫学实验教学的内容和形式进行改革和探索,创建适合于培养医学生职业素养和创新能力的创新型实验教学体系。通过改善教学条件（P2实验室的建设）、改进教学方法、创新实验教学内容、引入综合设计型实验,强化了学生的服务意识、生物安全意识,提高了学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,培养了学生批判性和创造性思维。