Unmet Needs for Reproductive Health Knowledge among Unmarried Migrant Youth

Objective To explore the deep reason for the lack of reproductive knowledge among migrant youth.
Methods Qualitative research method was used with in-depth interview as the major approach to collect data.
Results The results showed that lack of formal sexual education and the special social status were deep reason for their knowledge lack. Very few of them had received sex education in school. Before falling in love and beginning to date, most girls and some boys have no interest in sexual related knowledge. The knowledge they have usually come first from peer communication and are full of mistakes. As growing up, mass media, like TV and magazines begin to be their major knowledge sources. But many get the information from TV dramas, novels or advertisements, and few from formal educational programs. Working long hours each day, with little leisure time and living isolated in cities, migrant people rarely benefit from the ongoing education activities in cities.
Conclusion Special sexual and reproductive health education program are needed urgently among unmarried migrant youth, particularly female.     

Impact evaluation of HIV/AIDS education in rural Henan province of China

Nowadays, there is a trend of HIV prevalence transmitting from high-risk group to average-risk group in China. Rural China is the weak link of HIV prevention, and rural areas of Henan province which is one of the most high-risk regions in China have more than 60% of the AIDS patients in the province. Thus, improving the HIV awareness and implementing health education become the top-priority of HIV/AIDS control and prevention. A multistage sampling was designed to draw 1129 people living with HIV/AIDS （PLWHAs） and 1168 non-PLWHAs in 4 prevalence counties of Henan province. A health promoting and social-psychological support model was constructed to improve the health knowledge of participants. Chi-square tests and unconditional logistic regression were performed to determine the intervention effect and influencing factors. All groups had misunderstandings towards the basic medical knowledge and the AIDS transmission mode. Before the intervention, 59.3% of the HIV/AIDS patients and 74.6% of the healthy people had negative attitudes towards the disease. There was statistically significant difference in the improvement of knowledge, attitude and action with regards to HIV prevention before and after intervention （P〈0.05）. PLWHAs who were males （OR=l.731） and had higher education level （OR=1.910） were found to have better HIV/AIDS health knowledge, whereas older PLWHAs （OR=0.961） were less likely to have better HIV/AIDS health knowledge. However, the intervention effect was associated with the expertise of doctors and supervisors, the content and methods of education, and participants＇ education level. It was concluded that health education of HIV/AIDS which positively influences the awareness and attitude of HIV prevention is popular in rural areas, therefore, a systematic and long-term program of HIV control and prevention is urgently needed in rural areas.     

健康体检人群高脂血症相关知识调查

目的 了解健康体检人群对高脂血症相关知识的掌握及需求情况,为护理人员进行健康教育提供参考.方法 采用问卷调查法对429例健康体检者进行高脂血症致病危险因素认知情况、知识需求及需求方式等进行调查.结果 429例健康体检者中有64.5%掌握高脂血症患病知识及危险因素知识,63.4%体检者认知高脂血症预防方法,但实施预防措施者只有25.2%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 体检人群对高脂血症相关知识缺乏,大部分健康体检者未主动采取预防措施;护理工作者应采取多种形式的健康教育方式,有针对性地进行高脂血症防治知识宣教,以降低高脂血症及相关疾病的发病率. Abstract： Objective To investigate the knowledge and demand on hyperlipidemia in healthy people undergoing medical examination,so as to give health education accordingly.Methods Questionnairesurvey was used to investigate the knowledge and demand on hyperlipidemia in 429 healthy peopleundergoing medical examination Results We found that 63.4% of the subjects had the general knowledge and risk factors of hyperlipidemia,53.0% of them knew the preventive measures for hyperlipidemia,but only 25.2% of them put the measures into practice respectively, the difference had statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusions The subjects have a poor knowledge of hyperlipidemia and most of them have not practiced any prevention measures.Multi modes of health education should be given by nurse to improve the hyperlipidemia knowledge of people to decrease the morbidity of hyperlipidemia.     

Influencing factors of mental health of medical students in China

Summary： This study investigated the mental health status of medical students in China, and analyzed the influencing factors in order to provide evidence for mental health education for medical students. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to recruit medical students from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. The questionnaire survey on general information and Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） were used for investigation and analysis. The results showed among the 1137 valid questionnaires, 278 （24.45%） participants had SCL-90 score ≥ 160. The top three mental problems of medical students were obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity and depression in terms of the factor score ≥ 2.5 and the number of participants who reflected on the diseases. The third-year medical students had the worst mental health status, and fifth-year medical students had the best mental health status. Students from rural area had more psychological problems than those from urban area; furthermore, students with high professional satisfaction, those who were the single child of the family, non-poor students, and those whose parents had high education level had better mental health status. It was concluded that the mental health of medical students is not optimistic in China. Medical students have some mental health problems of different degrees. Factors that influence the mental health of medical students include academic pressure, professional satisfaction level and family environment.     

麻醉医学专业临床教学的实践与探索

本文从师资队伍建设、教学管理制度完善、"三基"培训、实习考核、医疗安全教育、医德教育、实习生业余活动七个方面,探讨了如何做好麻醉医学专业实习生的临床教学工作.

Abstract：

Clinical education is the key step for cultivating students' basic knowledge, fundamental skills, and clinical thinking, and fulfilling the changing from medical students to clinicians who would be licensed. This article discussed how to improve clinical education of the anesthesiology interne from the following seven aspects: constructing teachers team, perfecting management system, emphasizing training of fundamental theory, knowledge and skills, clinical examination, education of medical insurance, education of medical ethics, and enriching extracurricular activities of interne.     

河南省高等医学教育现状及其改革与发展策略

河南省高等医学教育为河南省医疗卫生事业的发展培养了大批合格的医药卫生人才,但也存在着一些问题与不足,其整体发展状况与社会的进步、科学技术的发展、卫生事业改革的需要仍然不相适应.本文就河南省高等医学教育现状、存在问题进行了调查研究,并提出了相应的改革与发展策略.

Abstract：

There are some problems and faults about the higher medical education of Henan even though large number of qualified talents were trained for the development of Henan health and medical community. Development situation of higher medical education as a whole in Henan does not meet the progress of society, the development of science and technology, and the reform requirements of health protection.The status quo of Henan higher medical education development and the problems existed have been investigated , and the strategy of reform and development for the future has been proposed in this paper.     

Comparison of traditional Chinese medicine education between mainland China and Australia —a case study

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the curriculum and delivery of a Chinese and Australian university-level Chinese medicine program. METHODS: A review of Pub Med and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure for relevant educational papers was undertaken. Online and paper documents available at the University of Technology Sydney(UTS) and the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(CDUTCM) were read and analyzed. In addition, in-depth interviews with academics from the two universities were conducted during 2014 to 2015. RESULTS: The two Chinese medicine programs share the common goal of providing health services to the local community, but differ in some aspects when the curricula are compared. Areas such as student profile, curriculum structure, teaching approaches and education quality assurance were found to be different. The UTS program adopts a "flipped learning" approach with the use of educational technology aiming at improving learning outcomes. On the other hand, the CDUTCM has better clinical facilities and specialist physician resources. CONCLUSION: A better understanding of the different curricula and approaches to Chinese medicine education will facilitate student learning and educational outcomes.     

Distance Education as a Tool for Training Veterinarians in Laboratory Animal Medicine

With increasing globalization and a trend towards international harmonization of standards for the care and use of animals in research and testing,there is a significant need to assist and support countries to develop training programs for laboratory animal veterinarians.Although formal educational opportunities for training laboratory animal veterinarians exist through well-established specialty colleges of laboratory animal medicine such as ACLAM,ECLAM,JCLAM,and KCLAM or through other professional organisations,such as the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations(FELASA),opportunities for participating in these programs are often limited to veterinarians in North America,Western Europe and specific regions of Asia.Creative thinking is required to develop cost-effective,practical,entry-level and advanced continuing education and applied training programs for veterinarians working in the field of laboratory animal medicine around the world.This paper will describe one potential solution for this issue,the use of a distance education program that provides theoretical information in a virtual classroom with applied training modules to deliver knowledge and practical skills to laboratory animal veterinarians.This type of program takes advantage of the online learning environment and can be an effective means to deliver training at the grassroots level to adult learners.     

Association of HIV transmissions and non-transmission knowledge with negative attitudes to HIV/AIDS

Background  Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immure deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-related stigma is an obstacle to the implementation of treatment, care, and support programs for people living with HIV/AIDS. This study explored the association of the HIV knowledge with the attitudes toward HIV/AIDS.

Methods  A cross-sectional survey was conducted in HIV epidemic rural areas with 5355 participants. Their knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS were assessed, and the associations of HIV transmission and non-transmission knowledge with negative attitudes towards the HIV/AIDS were analyzed.

Results  Negative attitudes were significantly correlated with the HIV non-transmission knowledge and the correlation was higher than that with HIV transmission knowledge among participants who were male, 20 years old and migrant workers, students and respondents of and above junior high school. However, among those who were female, age 30 and older, illiterate with primary school education, negative attitudes were significantly associated with HIV non-transmission knowledge and the association was lower than that with HIV transmission knowledge.

Conclusions  HIV transmission knowledge and non-transmission knowledge have different influences on negative attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among different demographic subgroups.

     

中医药教育国际化发展的若干问题探析

本文论述了世界中医药教育的发展现状和趋势,分析了中医药教育国际化进程中存在的问题并提出了相应的对策.在当前甚至相当长的一段历史时期内,世界范围内中医药教育的发展仍然将处于不平衡状态.我们应该以推动和传播中医药文化为主线,加强与各国中医药教育机构的合作与交流.在尊重各国传统医学教育主权的前提下,积极探索中医药教育国际化发展的途径和模式,把握中医药教育国际化的发展趋势,探讨存在的问题并提出相应对策,应该是我国政府和中医药教育机构必须承担的战略性任务.

Abstract：

The paper summarizes status and trend of the development of the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine education, analyzes the existing problems during its development and put forwards related suggestions. At present and even in the far future, traditional Chinese medicine education is still and will be at the imbalanced stage in different countries and regions. Therefore we shall focus on promotion and spread of traditional Chinese medicine culture and explore the way and model for the development of the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine education under the condition of respecting the education sovereignty of traditional medicine in different countries and regions. It is a strategic task for Chinese government and Chinese education institutes to predict the trend of internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine education and raises related suggestions.     

高校图书馆与大学生知识产权素养教育

阐述了知识产权素养教育的目的、内容、现状及层次,分析了高校图书馆开展知识产权素养教育的可行性,并提出了开展大学生知识产权素养教育的策略。     

保山市2008-2011年家庭主妇碘缺乏病健康教育成效分析

目的分析保山市2008-2011年家庭主妇碘缺乏病健康教育成效,为进一步开展碘缺乏病防治工作提供参考。方法按照年度《地方病防治项目技术方案》任务安排,每年在各县开展大众传播和人际传播健康教育活动。大众传播覆盖整个项目县,人际传播仅在每个项目县的1～3个乡镇开展,然后在所选乡镇中心小学附近分别于干预前和干预后随机抽取15名家庭主妇进行问卷调查。结果 2008-2011年间,每年开展健康教育活动后,家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率均较当年干预前有所提高,且超过国家标准(80%)。家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治效果评价知识知晓率由2008年的87.8%上升到2011年的94.37%,提高了6.57个百分点;同时2009-2011年基线调查和效果评价时家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率均高于2008年水平,但在2011年略呈下降趋势。结论自保山市开展碘缺乏病健康教育项目以来,家庭主妇知识知晓率总体呈上升趋势且均超过国家标准,健康教育干预成效显著。     

重庆三甲医院医务人员健康教育专业知识掌握及运用情况调查

目的:了解在渝三级甲等医院医务人对健康教育专业知识的掌握及其在具体工作中的实际应用情况,探索影响健康教育开展的因素。方法:采用先整群后随机的多级抽样方法,用自编问卷对337名医务人员进行调查分析。结果:337名医务人员对健康教育专业知识平均知晓率为76.1%;医务人员中62.6%的人认为健康教育有很大作用,89.6%的人愿意接受专门培训,45.4%的人表示在医护工作中经常进行病患健康教育,49.6%的人经常干预病人不良行为。结论:不同学历、职业、职称的医务人员对大部分健康教育专业知识的知晓率无显著差异;他们对健康教育态度较积极,但实际运用不够,仍有必要经常对医务人员进行健康教育专业知识培训。     

孕妇孕期营养知识和态度的影响因素分析

目的：了解广州市孕妇孕期营养认识水平的影响因素,为有针对地提出干扰措施提供科学依据。方法：在我院产检门诊随机抽取３４７例孕龄３４周以上的初孕妇女,对她们进行现场问卷调查并采用方差、相关、回归等分析。结果：孕妇的孕期营养知识水平不同程度地受到孕妇及其丈夫的文化程度、职业、教育性质、工作性质、家庭形态、营养知识来源、是否参加过孕期营养知识讲座、居住地区等因素的影响,上述因素对营养知识的影响较营养态度明     

基于温州市社区居民需求调查的健康教育知识管理模式研究

知识管理是有效地适应当前知识经济时代发展的重要手段.在健康教育知识管理实施过程中,从主要知识对象即社区居民的健康教育需求出发,选择切合实际,能满足对象需求的知识管理模式,对健康教育知识管理的顺利实施和效果的取得都极为重要.本文就社区居民需求调查结果,探讨健康教育知识管理模式,以期为推动社区健康教育知识管理工作的开展提供借鉴与参考.     

疼痛知识教育对癌痛患者自身障碍因素的影响

目的探讨疼痛知识教育对癌痛患者自身障碍因素的影响。方法给100例癌痛患者发放问卷,收回问卷后根据问卷内容及患者选择的情况,进行疼痛知识教育,一个月后再次重复问卷进行调查,并对教育前后的结果进行比较。结果与疼痛教育前比较,教育后患者对疼痛的正确认识有了明显的提高,纠正了对麻醉药品成瘾性、依赖性、耐受性等认识误区,如实报告疼痛,正确使用阿片类药物。结论对癌痛患者进行疼痛知识教育,可以改善自身障碍因素对疼痛治疗的影响,进而提高疼痛治疗的依从性。     

健康教育对乳腺癌患者疾病知识水平的影响

目的观察对乳腺癌患者进行健康教育对其疾病相关知识水平的影响,以期为乳腺癌患者设计有针对性的健康教育。方法选取来我院进行治疗的乳腺癌患者75例随机分为两组,两组患者均采取常规护理方法,观察组在此基础上对患者进行健康教育;疾病相关知识水平的调查采用自行设计的问卷进行,对两组的调查结果进行比较。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者的围手术期、化疗期、放疗期、康复期及总体的相关知识水平均明显较高,均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论对于乳腺癌患者进行健康教育能够使患者的疾病相关知识水平得到显著的提高,同时患者的不良情绪得到缓解,使对手术放化疗的适应能力得到提升,使患者的生存质量得到显著提高。     

知识经济时代高等医学教育的探讨

教育是发展知识经济的成功之本。在知识经济时代,必须加大医学教育投入,确立医学教育“适度超前发展”的战略;调整医学教育结构,加强医学生素质教育;发展医学继续教育,构建终身医学教育体系;深化教育改革,积极发展民办 医学教育。同时,在西部大开发过程中,加快发展西部医学教育。     

健康教育对人群心血管病知识态度及行为的影响

目的 通过比较健康教育前后心血管病卫生知识、态度及行为（ＫＡＢ）的变化，评价心血管病健康教育的效果。方法 １９９５年在北京郊区农村随机调查８００人的心血管病知识、态度及行为。经过４年各种形式的心血管病健康教育后，１９９９年用同样方法复查８９７人。结果 １９９５～１９９９年，干预区人群心血管病知识有较大幅度提高，特别是一些专业性较强的问题，与对照区相比，有四个项目有明显净增加（Ｐ〈０．０１），分别为     

高校图书馆分阶段多途径信息素养教育的实践

目的：探索高校图书馆利用新技术、新媒体开展面向不同对象的信息素养教育模式。方法：分析近几年高校图书馆信息素养教育研究论文,以中国药科大学图书馆信息素养教育实践为例,研究信息素养教育的模式、途径、内容及媒体,构建分层次、多途径、全方位、立体式的信息素养教育体系。结果：高校图书馆开展信息素养教育有利于增强学生的检索能力、阅读能力、写作能力及分析能力。结论：建立信息素养教育联盟、信息素养教育平台及信息素养教育评价体系是高校图书馆开展信息素养教育的未来之路。