胶质瘤的CT灌注成像研究

目的:探讨CT灌注成像对胶质瘤术前分级的价值.方法:30例胶质瘤患者,低级别组11例,高级别组19例.在常规CT扫描的基础上行CT灌注成像检查.分析灌注图像.测量肿瘤实质部分的脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、对比剂平均通过时间(MTT)及表面通透性(PS)的绝对值和相对值,并对两组进行比较.结果:低级别胶质瘤的r CBF、r CBV、r MTT、r PS均值分别为1.41±0.16、2.31±0.28、1.69±0.83、6.67±2.28;高级别胶质瘤的r CBF、r CBV、r MTT、r PS均值分别为4.96±2.17、4.69±1.65、1.29±0.55、19.19±8.65.两组r CBF、r CBV、r PS间差异具有显著意义.结论:CT灌注成像对胶质瘤术前分级具有临床实用价值.     

动态磁敏感对比增强灌注加权成像评估胶质瘤病理分级的价值

目的评估磁共振动态磁敏感对比增强灌注加权成像(DSC-PWI)对术前胶质瘤病理分级的价值。方法分析经手术病理证实的76例胶质瘤患者,其中低级别(Ⅰ~Ⅱ级)胶质瘤36例,含I级4例、Ⅱ级32例;高级别(Ⅲ~Ⅳ级)胶质瘤40例,含Ⅲ级25例、Ⅳ级15例。所有病例均于术前进行常规MRI平扫和增强检查及DSC-PWI检查,经工作站后处理软件检测肿瘤实性部分最大r CBV值(患侧与对侧正常脑实质CBV的比值),分析高、低级别胶质瘤实性部分最大r CBV值,采用t检验分析法。绘制ROC曲线,确定鉴别高级别与低级别胶质瘤实性部分最大r CBV值的理想阈值。结果胶质瘤实性部分最大r CBV值与其病理级别呈正相关(相关系数r=0.51),低级别和高级别胶质瘤最大r CBV值分别为(0.87±0.93)、(2.04±1.53)(CI±Se),两者之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.002)。以胶质瘤实性部分最大r CBV值鉴别低级别与高级别胶质瘤时,所获得的ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.73;以1.35作为理想阈值时,其灵敏度为66.7﹪,特异度为73.0﹪。结论胶质瘤DSC-PWI检查所获得的肿瘤实性部分最大相对血容量r CBV值的检测对术前评估胶质瘤的病理级别具有很高价值。     

磁共振DWI及T2DSCPWI在脑胶质瘤诊断中的价值

目的探讨3.0T磁共振(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)弥散加权成像DWI(Diffusion Weighted Imaging)及T2*动态磁敏感对比增强灌注加权成像(dynamic susceptibility contrast Perfusion Weighted Imaging,DSC PWI)在脑胶质瘤术前分级中的价值。方法回顾性分析术前行常规MRI扫描、DWI扫描及T2*DSC PWI扫描并经手术病理证实的患者磁共振图像38例,分别测量脑胶质瘤患者肿瘤实质区的表观弥散系数(Apparent Diffusion Coefficients,ADC)值、rADC值及肿瘤实质区和瘤周水肿区的rCBV值,并进行统计学分析。结果 (1)在肿瘤实质区,低级别胶质瘤的ADC值(1.55±0.33)×10~(-3) mm~2/s高于高级别胶质瘤ADC值(1.08±0.19)×10-3 mm~2/s;低级别胶质瘤的rADC值(1.89±0.35)高于高级别胶质瘤rADC值(1.35±0.21),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)在肿瘤实质区,低级别胶质瘤的rCBV值(2.29±0.56)低于高级别胶质瘤rCBV值(5.12±1.49);在瘤周水肿区,低级别胶质瘤的rCBV值(0.89±0.29)低于高级别胶质瘤的rCBV值(1.32±0.24),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论弥散加权成像及灌注加权成像作为无创性的评价手段联合常规MR扫描,可以提高脑胶质瘤术前分级的准确性。     

3D ASL技术结合DWI在脑胶质瘤术前诊断分级中的评估价值

目的 探究三维动脉自旋标记成像(3D ASL)技术结合弥散加权成像(DWI)在脑胶质瘤术前诊断分级中的评估价值。方法 回顾性选取2017年3月至2023年4月在鄂尔多斯市中心医院进行诊疗的65例脑胶质瘤患者的临床影像学检查资料,所有入组患者均进行3D ASL及DWI检查,根据患者活检或手术后病理检验结果对患者进行分组,其中35例低级别脑胶质瘤患者纳入低级别组,30例高级别脑胶质瘤患者纳入高级别组。分析两组患者术前3D ASL[总脑血流量(TBF)、局部总脑血流量(rTBF)、健侧脑白质血流(CBF)、相对脑血流量(rCBF)]及DWI[表观弥散系数(ADC)、相对ADC(rADC)]检查结果的异同,探究3D ASL及DWI技术对在术前分级中的评估价值。结果 高级别组的3D ASL检查CBF、rCBF、TBF、rTBF值分别为88.11±13.26、6.22±1.98、2.88±0.83、4.23±0.98,均高于低级别组(60.11±15.56、3.77±1.22、1.45±0.21、1.82±0.14),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以患者术后病理学检验结果为金标准,3D...     

rCBF_(max)值对胶质瘤术前分级的价值及与MVD表达间关系的初步研究

目的探讨三维动脉自旋标记(three-dimensional arterial spin labeling,3D-ASL)灌注成像参数平均最大相对脑血流量(mean maximum relative cerebral blood flow,rCBF_(max))在预测胶质瘤术前分级中的价值及与肿瘤微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)表达间的关系。材料与方法回顾性分析经组织病理学证实的50例胶质瘤(高级别20例,低级别30例)3D-ASL图像,应用热点法获得肿瘤实体部分的平均最大相对脑血流量。应用免疫组化S-P法对以上病例的组织学标本进行MVD表达的检测,结果进行统计学分析。结果 30例低级别胶质瘤的平均rCBF_(max)值、MVD值分别为1.69±1.27、25.43±13.03,20例高级别胶质瘤平均rCBF_(max)值、MVD值分别为3.18±1.46、58.69±20.39,两组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),且与级别呈正相关(r=0.620、0.698,P0.01),rCBF_(max)值与MVD值呈正相关(r=0.723,P0.01)。结论 rCBF_(max)值有助于胶质瘤术前分级诊断且与肿瘤微血管密度呈正相关,可从一定程度上术前预测胶质瘤生物学行为。     

磁敏感加权成像及体素内不相干运动成像在脑胶质瘤术前分级中的应用研究

目的:评价磁敏感加权成像(susceptibility weighted imaging,SWI)及体素内不相干运动(intravoxel incoherentmotion,IVIM)成像在脑胶质瘤术前分级中的诊断价值。方法:纳入104例脑胶质瘤患者(低级别33例,高级别71例),术前进行SWI及IVIM成像,术后经病理学检查证实。记录肿瘤内磁敏感信号强度(intratumoral susceptibility signalintensity,ITSS)、快速表观扩散系数(fastapparentdiffusioncoefficient,fast ADC)、慢速表观扩散系数(slow apparent diffusion coefficient,slow ADC)、灌注分数f值及单指数模型参数标准表观扩散系数(standard apparent diffusion coe?cient,standard ADC),用统计学方法对各参数进行分析。结果:高级别脑胶质瘤组的fast ADC、slow ADC、standard ADC和f值分别为(31.2±12.1)×10~(-3)、(0.46±0.22)×10~(-3)、(0.92±0.22)×10~(-3)mm~2/s和0.48±0.13,而低级别脑胶质瘤组的fast ADC、slow ADC、standard ADC和f值分别为(14.0±6.9)×10~(-3)、(0.88±0.24)×10~(-3)、(1.08±0.25)×10~(-3) mm~2/s和0.29±0.13。高级别胶质瘤组的ITSS、fastADC及f值均高于低级别胶质瘤组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。高级别胶质瘤组的slow ADC及standard ADC值均低于低级别胶质瘤组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过对SWI及IVIM成像进行对比及联合分析,可进一步提高术前脑胶质瘤分级的灵敏度和特异度。     

人脑胶质瘤256层CT灌注成像

目的:探讨人脑胶质瘤256层CT灌注成像的可行性并研究胶质瘤的灌注特点.方法:2010年1月-2012年2月行脑256层CT灌注成像扫描受检者55例,其中健康者15例(对照组),胶质瘤患者40例[包括低级别胶质瘤15例(低级别胶质瘤组)、高级别胶质瘤25例(高级别胶质瘤组)].采用MIStar后处理软件,在病灶最大层面选取感兴趣区(region of interest,ROD,获得ROI的脑血流量(cerebral blood flow,CBF)、脑血容量(cerebral blood volume,CBV)、平均通过时间(mean transittime,MTT)和表面通透性等灌注参数.应用方差分析(Analysis of Variance,ANOVA)检验比较对照组、低级别胶质瘤组和高级别胶质瘤组灌注参数的差异.结果:40例胶质瘤患者均经病理证实.高级别胶质瘤组患者的CBF、CBV和表面通透性分别为(51.41±11.60)mL/(100 g·min)、(6.26±1.67)mL/100 g和(5.71±2.22)mL/(min · 100 g),均高于低级别胶质瘤组[(32.73±7.06)mL/(100 g ·min)、(2.98±0.73)mL/100 g和(2.33±0.47)mL/(min·100 g)];低级别胶质瘤组的CBF、CBV和表面通透性均高于对照组[(21.06±2.06)mL/(100 g·min)、(1.76±0.17)mL/100 g和(0.90±0.07)mL/(min·100g)],差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.叭).3组MTT比较,差异无统计学意义.表面通透性为2.88 mL/(min·100 g)时,敏感度为96％,特异度为93％;CBV为3.91 mL/100 g时,敏感度为92％,特异度为93％;CBF为38.90 mL/(100 g·min)时,敏感度为92％,特异度为86％.结论:256层CT灌注成像可在一定程度上反映人脑胶质瘤的肿瘤血流动力学情况.     

定量动态增强MRI在脑高低级别胶质瘤术前病理分级中的应用研究

目的探讨定量动态增强MRI(T1-DCE MRI)在脑高低级别胶质瘤术前病理分级中的应用价值。方法选择经手术病理证实的30例脑胶质瘤患者为研究对象,其中低级别(WHOⅠ、Ⅱ级)胶质瘤15例,高级别(WHOⅢ、Ⅳ级)胶质瘤15例。全部病例均行3T常规MR增强及MR灌注成像检查,原始灌注图像数据经工作站软件处理,构建容量转移常数(Ktrans)、回流速率常数(Kep)、血管外细胞外容积分数(Ve)图,选择ROI,计算Ktrans、Kep和Ve值。高低级别胶质瘤Ktrans、Kep和Ve值与病理分级进行Pearson相关性分析。结果 Ktrans、Kep和Ve值与病理学分级具有明显相关性(r=0.934,0.837,0.807)。各参数高低级别胶质瘤患者间比较有明显的统计学差异,随着肿瘤级别的增高,Ktrans、Kep和Ve值增高。结论通过Permeability技术测量肿瘤血管Ktrans、Kep和Ve值,可以了解肿瘤微血管灌注状态,对高低级别胶质瘤进行较为精确的术前分级。     

3．0T磁共振灌注加权成像在脑胶质瘤诊断中的价值

目的探讨3.0T磁共振灌注加权成像在脑胶质瘤术前分级及与脑单发转移瘤鉴别诊断中的价值。方法对经病理证实的脑胶质瘤患者（低级别15例,高级别17例）和单发转移瘤患者14例的MR灌注加权成像资料进行回顾性分析,测算肿瘤实质区与瘤周水肿区的相对脑血容量（rCBV）值,并进行统计学分析。结果 （1）在肿瘤实质区,低级别胶质瘤的rCBV值为（1.982±0.436）低于高级别胶质瘤rCBV值（5.574±1.124）,在瘤周水肿区,低级别胶质瘤的rCBV值为（0.796±0.215）低于高级别胶质瘤的rCBV值（1.497±0.192）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;（2）在肿瘤实质区,单发转移瘤的rCBV值为（3.087±1.017）低于高级别胶质瘤的rCBV值（5.574±1.124）,在瘤周水肿区,单发转移瘤的rCBV值为（0.356±0.145）低于高级别胶质瘤的rCBV值（1.497±0.192）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论灌注加权成像作为一种无创性的评价手段,可以提高脑胶质瘤术前分级的准确性,并在与单发转移瘤鉴别诊断方面有一定临床价值。     

磁敏感加权成像在脑胶质瘤鉴别诊断、术前病理分级及术中的应用

  目的  探讨磁敏感加权成像（SWI）在脑胶质瘤鉴别诊断、术前病理分级及手术指导中的应用。  方法  回顾性分析新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2018年10月~2021年10月经手术及组织病理学检查证实为脑胶质瘤（n=64）、单发脑转移瘤（n=15）和颅内淋巴瘤（n=15）的患者的临床资料。以病理结果作为金标准,将脑胶质瘤患者按照世界卫生组织肿瘤分类标准分为低级别组（n= 27）和高级别组（n=37）,所有患者均通过SWI检测,进行瘤内磁敏感信号强度（ITSS）分级评估以及肿瘤实质区与瘤周水肿区相对脑血容量（rCBV）值测定,比较不同肿瘤类型差异,并通过ROC曲线评估其在高级别与低级别脑胶质瘤中的鉴别价值。  结果  高级别脑胶质瘤与单发脑转移瘤ITSS分级、肿瘤实质区rCBV值的差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;高级别脑胶质瘤周水肿区rCBV值高于单发脑转移瘤（P < 0.05）;高级别脑胶质瘤ITSS分级程度低于淋巴瘤,血管评分高于淋巴瘤（P < 0.05）;高级别胶质瘤ITSS分级高于低级别胶质瘤,肿瘤实质区rCBV值高于低级别胶质瘤（P < 0.05）;Spearman相关性分析结果显示,胶质瘤分级与ITSS分级、rCBV值呈正相关关系（r=0.728、0.851,P < 0.05）;ITSS分级评估脑胶质瘤高级别ROC曲线下面积为0.894,敏感度、特异性、准确度分别为81.08%、85.19%、82.81%;rCBV值评估脑胶质瘤高级别ROC曲线下面积为0.937,敏感度、特异性、准确度分别为91.89%、88.89%、90.63%;64例脑胶质瘤患者,和常规序列相比,SWI序列对于肿瘤边界的显示更为清晰,同时可呈现肿瘤微小血管病变信息,胶质瘤肿瘤实质区rCBV值均高于瘤周水肿区rCBV值（P < 0.05）。  结论  SWI有助于高级别胶质瘤的鉴别诊断,对于胶质瘤低级别与高级别的评估效能较高,可在一定程度上指导术中脑胶质瘤切除。      

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局临床分析

目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4％(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7％(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3％(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1％ (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9％ (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8％(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大＜6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8～10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1％(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9％(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2％(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 ％(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.     

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Morphine

Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.     

Evidence-Based Pain Management and Palliative Care in Issue Four for 2009 of The Cochrane Library

ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly. Issue 4 for 2009 contains 4027 complete reviews, 1906 protocols for reviews in production, and 11447 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 600,000 randomized controlled trials, and 12,200 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 7500 citations. This edition of the Library contains 90 new reviews, of which 19 have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.     

Wie zuverlässig sind Angaben zu nichtentzündlichen ausgedehnten Schmerzen?

ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.