EB病毒和免疫调节性T细胞及细胞因子与鼻咽癌的关系

由于免疫调节性Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ４＋的ＴＨ、ＣＤ８＋的Ｔｓ）在免疫反应中处于中心地位，其变化在鼻咽癌（ｎａｓｏｐｈａｒｙｎｇｅａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ，ＮＰＣ）已有报道［１］。但多限于描述性观察，特别是缺乏与ＥＢ病毒（ＥｐｓｔｅｉｎＢａｒｖｉｒｕｓ，ＥＢＶ）...     

EB病毒抗原单克隆抗体的特异性研究

5种EB病毒细胞系通过三步放大间接免疫过氧化物酶方法,检测抗EB病毒抗原的单克隆抗体(McAb)—病毒壳抗原(VCA)、膜抗原(MA),早期抗原(EA)、早期弥漫性抗原(EA—D)、早期限制性抗原(EA—R)、核抗原(EBNA)、核抗原第2型(EBNA—2)及潜在性膜蛋白(LMP)。结果表明McAb、EBNA、EBNA—2和EA有较高特异性,VCA和EA—R有一定特异性,MA、LMP和EA—D未得到预期的特异性反应。     

EB病毒和ConA诱导抑制性T细胞对EB病毒感染B细胞作用探讨

本文探讨了用灭活的EB病毒(EBV)和ConA诱导产生的抑制性T细胞(Ts),对EBV感染自身B细胞的影响,结果表明,EBV抗原诱导产生的抑制性T细胞(Ts)能使EBV感染B细胞中的EBNA阳性细胞数,~3H-TdR掺入量和IgA、IgG及IgM分泌量减少;而ConA诱导产生的Ts则使EBNA阳性细胞数和~3H-TdR掺入量增加,但三种Ig含量无明显变化(P>0.05)。结果提示前者对EBV感染B细胞的激活,增殖和分化均有明显抑制作用,而后者的作用则相反,具有明显促进EBV感染B细胞的作用。     

CD244促进活动性肺结核患者抗原特异性CD8~+T细胞的细胞毒作用

目的研究表面受体CD244在活动性肺结核患者抗原特异性CD8+T细胞中的功能。方法密度梯度离心法提取活动性肺结核患者和ELISPOT阳性潜伏感染者的外周血单个核细胞,用ESAT-6和CFP-10多肽刺激PBMCs,然后用CD69标记抗原特异性细胞,通过流式细胞术检测CD244在CD3+CD8+CD69+细胞中的表达;流式细胞术分析CD244与脱颗粒相关的CD107a表达的关系;通过细胞内染色方法检测CD244与穿孔素和颗粒酶B的关系。结果 CD244在活动性肺结核患者的CD8+T细胞表达显著高于潜伏感染者(P=0.000 5);在抗原特异性CD8+T细胞,CD244+细胞表达CD107a比例显著高于CD244-细胞(P=0.002 2);CD244+细胞表达穿孔素和颗粒酶B比例显著高于CD244-细胞(P值分别为0.021 2,0.002 3)。结论 CD244促进活动性肺结核患者的抗原特异性CD8+T细胞的细胞毒作用。     

特异性CD8+T细胞与人巨细胞病毒感染

人巨细胞病毒(Human Cytomegalovirus,HCMV)是疱疹病毒科β属的一种双链DNA病毒,在正常人群中普遍易感,在发达国家人群血清HCMV抗体检出率约40％ ～ 60％,而在发展中国家几乎达到100％ [1].与其他人类疱疹病毒不同,HCMV原发性感染通常为隐性感染,临床上表现为无症状状态,潜伏感染是依赖病毒复制的慢性免疫抑制而不是依赖病毒转录模式的改变.对于免疫抑制人群来说,HCMV容易发生激活感染,病毒复制难以控制,可以出现明显的组织损坏.HCMV激活感染是异基因造血于细胞移植和实体器官移植后患者发病率和死亡率不断攀升的主要原因,骨髓抑制、肾毒性、耐药病毒株的出现等治疗的不良反应限制了抗病毒药的抢先治疗[2-3].     

EB病毒特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞与肿瘤免疫治疗研究进展

EB病毒（EBV）与多种人类肿瘤的密切关系已引起人们的高度重视,它在不同的肿瘤细胞上有不同的病毒基因表达谱。近来,EBV特异性CTL开始被用于EBV相关肿瘤的免疫治疗并已取得初步疗效,但仍存在诸多问题,如病毒抗原免疫原性很弱及肿瘤细胞本身分泌的某些细胞因子均减弱了EBV特异性CTL对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。本文就上述内容作一综述。     

肠道T细胞淋巴瘤中的EB病毒感染和T细胞内抗原1的表达

目的 探讨ＥＢ病毒感染在肠道Ｔ细胞淋巴瘤发病中的意义。方法 用ＥＢＥＲ１／２原位杂交及三步ＡＢＣ法免疫组织化学染色技术,观察２４例肠道Ｔ淋巴瘤患者中ＥＢ病毒感染及Ｑ细胞内抗原（ＴＩＡ－１）抗原表达情况,选用的抗体有ＴＬＡ－１,ＬＭＰ－１,ＣＤ３,ＣＤ２０,ＣＤ３０和ＣＤ４５ＲＯ等。     

人脐带血抗巨细胞病毒和EB病毒的特异性细胞毒？…

目的：探讨用人的脐带血单个核细胞体外同时扩增对抗ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ）和巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ的特异性细胞毒性Ｔ淋巴细胞的可行性。方法：利用人的脐带血单个核细胞（ＣＢＭＣ）,通过ＥＢＶ感染转化成Ｂ成淋巴细胞细胞株（ＢＬＣＬ）,再通过逆转录病毒载体,将ＣＭＶ蛋白基因ｐｐ６５导入ＢＬＣＬ,用这种细胞体外刺激同一供者脐带血的ＣＢＭＣ产生细胞毒性Ｔ细胞（ＣＴＬ）,经「＾５１Ｃｒ」释放实验（ＣＲＡ）检测产生的ＣＴＬ     

The presence of moloney virus induced antigen on antibody-producing cells

Mice infected at birth with Moloney virus were stimulated with an unrelated antigen (sheep red blood cells) during the lag period before the outbreak of leukaemia. Their spleen cell suspensions were incubated with anti-Moloney serum and complement before plating by the Jerne technique. This treatment—compared with incubation with normal serum and complement—caused a decrease in number of plaque forming cells in one-fourth of the infected mice, indicating that their antibody producing cells contained virus specific surface antigen.     

CD_2、CD_3、CD_4和CD_8四种McAb对rHuIL-2诱导人胚胸腺细胞杀伤功能的调节作用

本文观察了人胚胸腺细胞(16～40周龄)对CD_2、CD_3、CD_4和CD_8四种McAb诱导的增殖反应及这四种McAb对rHuIL-2诱导的人胚胸腺细胞杀伤功能的影响。结果提示:除CD_3McAb能诱导很弱的人胚胸腺细胞增殖外,其它三种McAb均不能诱导其增殖;CD_3McAb对rIL-2所诱导的增殖有明显的协同效应,但对IL-2诱导的人胚胸腺细胞杀伤活性却有显著的抑制作用;而CD_4、CD_8两种McAb则有显著的促进作用;CD_2McAb无明显影响。本文还对McAb可能的调节机理进行了讨论。     

Cell surface antigen induced by venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus

By immunofluorescence staining, a specific surface antigen induced by Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus was detected on L-929 cells. Formation of the antigen was independent of viral ribonucleic acid synthesis.     

New antigen induced by herpes simplex virus in human tumors

The study showed the new antigen induced by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) to be present not only in cancer tumors of the cervix and corpus uteri, and ovaries but also in malignant tumors of the mammary glands, kidneys, urinary bladder, as well as in tissues of fibrous-cystic mastopathy and fibroadenoma of the mammary glands. In malignant tumors of the cervix, however, the HSV-2-induced antigen was found more frequently and had a higher serological activity than in other tumors. In contrast to tumors, this antigen was not detected in normal tissues. Among 25 specimens of malignant cervical tumors containing the virus-induced antigen, 8 specimens contained virus antigen and 4 yielded biologically active virus. The virus-induced antigen is found in the tumors much more frequently then viral antigen or virus. Detection in the tumors of this new antigen demonstrates the presence in them of viral genetic information coding for the synthesis of this antigen as confirmed by transfection experiments.     

Contrasuppressor cells induced by Junin virus.

Intracerebral inoculation of Junin virus (JV) in all susceptible mouse models available induces a lethal meningoencephalitis compatible with a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) immune response. In contrast, adult BALB/c mice prove resistant to infection and no DTH response is seen. JV inoculation in adult BALB/c mice induces DTH suppression to unrelated antigens such as sheep red blood cells. (SRBC). This suppression is mediated by JV-induced T cells (Tsv), which are operative from 1 to 24 days post-infection (p.i.), and seems to be related to adult mouse survival. The presence of JV-induced contrasuppressor cells (CS) bearing the Thy-1+, Ly 1+2- phenotype, able to abrogate Tsv cells-mediated suppression, is described here. Thus, CS cells may be involved in the mechanism by which mice avoid over-exposure to Tsv-mediated DTH suppression. Such CS cells were found in the spleen of inoculated animals and may also be induced by transferring JV-free Tsv cells to 'naive' recipients, in which JV inoculation then induces morbidity.     

CD4 T cells in protection from influenza virus: Viral antigen specificity and functional potential

CD4 T cells convey a number of discrete functions to protective immunity to influenza, a complexity that distinguishes this arm of adaptive immunity from B cells and CD8 T cells. Although the most well recognized function of CD4 T cells is provision of help for antibody production, CD4 T cells are important in many aspects of protective immunity. Our studies have revealed that viral antigen specificity is a key determinant of CD4 T cell function, as illustrated both by mouse models of infection and human vaccine responses, a factor whose importance is due at least in part to events in viral antigen handling. We discuss research that has provided insight into the diverse viral epitope specificity of CD4 T cells elicited after infection, how this primary response is modified as CD4 T cells home to the lung, establish memory, and after challenge with a secondary and distinct influenza virus strain. Our studies in human subjects point out the challenges facing vaccine efforts to facilitate responses to novel and avian strains of influenza, as well as strategies that enhance the ability of CD4 T cells to promote protective antibody responses to both seasonal and potentially pandemic strains of influenza.     

Tumour specific transplantation antigen in hamster tumour cells induced with BK virus.

Immunization of hamsters with purified BK virus (BKV) followed by transplantation of BKV-induced hamster tumour cells revealed a tumour specific transplantation antigen (TSTA) in these cells. The antigen did not cross-react with the TSTA of SV40 since immunization with BKV did not protect against challenge of SV40 tumour cells.